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Ursoidea

August 25, 2023

Ursoidea is a superfamily of arctoid carnivoran mammals that includes the families Subparictidae,[1][2] Amphicynodontidae,[3][2] and Ursidae which the last family includes the extant lineages of bears as well the extinct Hemicyoninae[4][5] and Ursavinae.[6] The interrelationships of ursoids has had slight arrangements. In the past it was thought the extinct Amphicyonidae were stem-bears based on morphological analysis of the ear region,[7] though the most recent publications on early amphicyonids suggests they were basal caniforms.[8][9][10] The amphicynodontids are sometimes classified as either a subfamily of bears,[3] a paraphyletic assemblage of early bears,[2] or even stem-pinnipeds.[11][12][13] The subparictids were previously classified as amphicynodontine/ids.[2] The hemicyonines have been occasionally reclassified as a separate family.[14]

Ursoidea
Temporal range: Bartonian - Present
37–0 Ma
Life reconstruction of Cephalogale shareri
Brown bear (Ursus arctos)
Scientific classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Carnivora
Infraorder: Arctoidea
Superfamily: Ursoidea
Fischer von Waldheim, 1817
Families

References Edit

  1. ^ Baskin, J. A.; Tedford, R. H. (1996). Small arctoid and feliform carnivorans. pp. 486–497. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511665431.025. ISBN 9780521433877. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)
  2. ^ a b c d Wang, Xiaoming; Emry, Robert J.; Boyd, Clint A.; Person, Jeff J.; White, Stuart C.; Tedford, Richard H. (2022). "An exquisitely preserved skeleton of Eoarctos vorax (Nov. Gen. Et sp.) from Fitterer Ranch, North Dakota (Early Oligocene) and systematics and phylogeny of North American early arctoids (Carnivora, Caniformia)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 42: 1–123. doi:10.1080/02724634.2022.2145900. S2CID 259025727.
  3. ^ a b McLellan, B.; Reiner, D.C. (1992). (PDF). International Association for Bear Research and Management. 9 (1): 85–96. doi:10.2307/3872687. JSTOR 3872687. S2CID 91124592. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-02-19.
  4. ^ Louis De Bonis (2013). "Ursidae (Mammalia, Carnivora) from the Late Oligocene of the "Phosphorites du Quercy" (France) and a reappraisal of the genus Cephalogale Geoffroy, 1862". Geodiversitas. 35 (4): 787–814. doi:10.5252/g2013n4a4. S2CID 131561629.
  5. ^ L. de Bonis (2011). "A new species of Adelpharctos (Mammalia, Carnivora, Ursidae) from the late Oligocene of the "Phosphorites du Quercy" (France)". Estudios Geológicos. 67 (2): 179–186. doi:10.3989/egeol.40553.181.
  6. ^ Qiu, Zhan-Xiang; et al. (2014). "A Late Miocene Ursavus skull from Guanghe, Gansu, China". Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 52 (3): 265–302.
  7. ^ Hunt Jr., Robert M. (2001). "Small Oligocene Amphicyonids from North America (Paradaphoenus, Mammalia, Carnivora)". American Museum Novitates (3331): 1-20. doi:10.1206/0003-0082(2001)331<0001:SOAFNA>2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0003-0082. S2CID 198160461.
  8. ^ Hunt, Robert M., Jr. (2004). (PDF). Cenozoic Carnivores and Global Climate. pp. 139–285. doi:10.1206/0003-0090(2004)285<0139:C>2.0.CO;2. S2CID 86236545. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 20, 2007. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  9. ^ Morlo, Michael; Miller, Ellen R.; El-Barkooky, Ahmed N. (2007). "Creodonta and Carnivora from Wadi Moghra, Egypt". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 27 (1): 145-159. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2007)27[145:CACFWM]2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0272-4634. S2CID 86235694.
  10. ^ Tomiya, Susumu; Tseng, Zhijie Jack (2016). "Whence the beardogs? Reappraisal of the Middle to Late Eocene 'Miacis' from Texas, USA, and the origin of Amphicyonidae (Mammalia, Carnivora)". Royal Society Open Science. 3 (10): 160518. Bibcode:2016RSOS....360518T. doi:10.1098/rsos.160518. PMC 5098994. PMID 27853569.
  11. ^ Tedford, R. H.; Barnes, L. G.; Ray, C. E. (1994). (PDF). Proceedings of the San Diego Society of Natural History. 29: 11–32. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-09-22. Retrieved 24 July 2010.
  12. ^ Rybczynski, N.; Dawson, M.R.; Tedford, R.H. (2009). "A semi-aquatic Arctic mammalian carnivore from the Miocene epoch and origin of Pinnipedia". Nature. 458 (7241): 1021–24. Bibcode:2009Natur.458.1021R. doi:10.1038/nature07985. PMID 19396145. S2CID 4371413.
  13. ^ Berta, A.; Morgan, C.; Boessenecker, R.W. (2018). "The Origin and Evolutionary Biology of Pinnipeds: Seals, Sea Lions, and Walruses". Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. 46: 203–228. Bibcode:2018AREPS..46..203B. doi:10.1146/annurev-earth-082517-010009.
  14. ^ McKenna, Malcolm C., and Bell, Susan K. 1997. Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level. Columbia University Press, New York, 631 pp. ISBN 0-231-11013-8

August 25, 2023
ursoidea, superfamily, arctoid, carnivoran, mammals, that, includes, families, subparictidae, amphicynodontidae, ursidae, which, last, family, includes, extant, lineages, bears, well, extinct, hemicyoninae, ursavinae, interrelationships, ursoids, slight, arran. Ursoidea is a superfamily of arctoid carnivoran mammals that includes the families Subparictidae 1 2 Amphicynodontidae 3 2 and Ursidae which the last family includes the extant lineages of bears as well the extinct Hemicyoninae 4 5 and Ursavinae 6 The interrelationships of ursoids has had slight arrangements In the past it was thought the extinct Amphicyonidae were stem bears based on morphological analysis of the ear region 7 though the most recent publications on early amphicyonids suggests they were basal caniforms 8 9 10 The amphicynodontids are sometimes classified as either a subfamily of bears 3 a paraphyletic assemblage of early bears 2 or even stem pinnipeds 11 12 13 The subparictids were previously classified as amphicynodontine ids 2 The hemicyonines have been occasionally reclassified as a separate family 14 UrsoideaTemporal range Bartonian Present37 0 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg NLife reconstruction of Cephalogale shareriBrown bear Ursus arctos Scientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass MammaliaOrder CarnivoraInfraorder ArctoideaSuperfamily UrsoideaFischer von Waldheim 1817Families Subparictidae Amphicynodontidae UrsidaeReferences Edit Baskin J A Tedford R H 1996 Small arctoid and feliform carnivorans pp 486 497 doi 10 1017 CBO9780511665431 025 ISBN 9780521433877 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a journal ignored help a b c d Wang Xiaoming Emry Robert J Boyd Clint A Person Jeff J White Stuart C Tedford Richard H 2022 An exquisitely preserved skeleton of Eoarctos vorax Nov Gen Et sp from Fitterer Ranch North Dakota Early Oligocene and systematics and phylogeny of North American early arctoids Carnivora Caniformia Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 42 1 123 doi 10 1080 02724634 2022 2145900 S2CID 259025727 a b McLellan B Reiner D C 1992 A review of bear evolution PDF International Association for Bear Research and Management 9 1 85 96 doi 10 2307 3872687 JSTOR 3872687 S2CID 91124592 Archived from the original PDF on 2020 02 19 Louis De Bonis 2013 Ursidae Mammalia Carnivora from the Late Oligocene of the Phosphorites du Quercy France and a reappraisal of the genus Cephalogale Geoffroy 1862 Geodiversitas 35 4 787 814 doi 10 5252 g2013n4a4 S2CID 131561629 L de Bonis 2011 A new species of Adelpharctos Mammalia Carnivora Ursidae from the late Oligocene of the Phosphorites du Quercy France Estudios Geologicos 67 2 179 186 doi 10 3989 egeol 40553 181 Qiu Zhan Xiang et al 2014 A Late Miocene Ursavus skull from Guanghe Gansu China Vertebrata PalAsiatica 52 3 265 302 Hunt Jr Robert M 2001 Small Oligocene Amphicyonids from North America Paradaphoenus Mammalia Carnivora American Museum Novitates 3331 1 20 doi 10 1206 0003 0082 2001 331 lt 0001 SOAFNA gt 2 0 CO 2 ISSN 0003 0082 S2CID 198160461 Hunt Robert M Jr 2004 Global Climate and the Evolution of Large Mammalian Carnivores during the Later Cenozoic in North America PDF Cenozoic Carnivores and Global Climate pp 139 285 doi 10 1206 0003 0090 2004 285 lt 0139 C gt 2 0 CO 2 S2CID 86236545 Archived from the original PDF on July 20 2007 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a journal ignored help CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Morlo Michael Miller Ellen R El Barkooky Ahmed N 2007 Creodonta and Carnivora from Wadi Moghra Egypt Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 27 1 145 159 doi 10 1671 0272 4634 2007 27 145 CACFWM 2 0 CO 2 ISSN 0272 4634 S2CID 86235694 Tomiya Susumu Tseng Zhijie Jack 2016 Whence the beardogs Reappraisal of the Middle to Late Eocene Miacis from Texas USA and the origin of Amphicyonidae Mammalia Carnivora Royal Society Open Science 3 10 160518 Bibcode 2016RSOS 360518T doi 10 1098 rsos 160518 PMC 5098994 PMID 27853569 Tedford R H Barnes L G Ray C E 1994 The early Miocene littoral ursoid carnivoran Kolponomos Systematics and mode of life PDF Proceedings of the San Diego Society of Natural History 29 11 32 Archived from the original PDF on 2012 09 22 Retrieved 24 July 2010 Rybczynski N Dawson M R Tedford R H 2009 A semi aquatic Arctic mammalian carnivore from the Miocene epoch and origin of Pinnipedia Nature 458 7241 1021 24 Bibcode 2009Natur 458 1021R doi 10 1038 nature07985 PMID 19396145 S2CID 4371413 Berta A Morgan C Boessenecker R W 2018 The Origin and Evolutionary Biology of Pinnipeds Seals Sea Lions and Walruses Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 46 203 228 Bibcode 2018AREPS 46 203B doi 10 1146 annurev earth 082517 010009 McKenna Malcolm C and Bell Susan K 1997 Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level Columbia University Press New York 631 pp ISBN 0 231 11013 8 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ursoidea amp oldid 1170748434, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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