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Ulmus × hollandica 'Groeneveld'

February 03, 2023

The Dutch hybrid elm cultivar Ulmus × hollandica 'Groeneveld' was cloned in 1949 at the De Dorschkamp Institute, Wageningen, and released in 1963 in response to the earlier, less virulent form of Dutch elm disease that afflicted Europe shortly after the First World War.[1][2] The cultivar was derived from a crossing of Dutch clones '49',[3] (originally believed to be an English Wych Elm Ulmus glabra but later identified as another example of Ulmus × hollandica) and '1', a Field Elm Ulmus minor found in central France and marketed by the Barbier nursery in Orléans.[4]

Ulmus × hollandica 'Groeneveld'
'Groeneveld' Stanmer Park, Brighton, UK
Hybrid parentageU. × hollandica × U. minor
Cultivar'Groeneveld'
OriginNetherlands

Description

 
'Groeneveld' leaves

The tree is slow growing, and produces a dense, upswept growth which initially made it popular as a street tree in the Netherlands.[5] The dark-green obovate leaves are < 9 cm long by 4 cm broad, arranged in clusters on short branchlets.[6][7]

Pests and diseases

'Groeneveld' has good resistance to Coral-spot fungus Nectria cinnabarina, and Black Spot [3]. However, like all the other Dutch hybrids released before 1989, it proved to have only marginal resistance, rated 3 out of 5 [8] to the later, virulent form of Dutch elm disease and consequently planting is no longer recommended where the disease is prevalent.[4][9]

Cultivation

'Groeneveld' was also introduced elsewhere in Europe, including Britain, in small numbers. The tree was briefly propagated and marketed in the UK by the Hillier & Sons nursery, Winchester, Hampshire from 1975 to 1977, during which time 29 were sold.[10][11] The tree was planted in trials [4] in Canberra, Australia started in 1988, but has not shown promise in that environment so far; it has however proved popular in New Zealand. There are several specimens in American arboreta (see under Accessions).

Notable trees

The TROBI Champion tree in the UK is at Stanmer Park, near Brighton, East Sussex, measuring 18 m high by 53 cm d.b.h. in 2002[12]

Etymology

'Groeneveld' translates as 'green field', and was named for the eponymous de Dorschkamp trial site at Wageningen.

Hybrid cultivars

Accessions

North America

Europe

Nurseries

Europe

Oceania

References

  1. ^ Burdekin, D.A.; Rushforth, K.D. (November 1996). Revised by J.F. Webber. "Elms resistant to Dutch elm disease" (PDF). Arboriculture Research Note. 2/96: 1–9. ISSN 1362-5128. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
  2. ^ Santamour, Frank S.; Bentz, Susan E. (May 1995). "Updated Checklist of Elm (Ulmus) Cultivars for use in North America". Journal of Arboriculture. 21 (3): 122–131. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
  3. ^ Trial elm 'Clone 49', WAG.1846749 bioportal.naturalis.nl
  4. ^ a b Heybroek, H.M. (15 March 1964). Translated by Holmes, F.W. "De iep 'Groeneveld'" [The Groeneveld elm]. The Plant Disease Reporter. 48 (3): 187–189. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
  5. ^ White, J. & More, D. (2002). Trees of Britain & Northern Europe. Cassell's, London.
  6. ^ noordplant.nl, 'Groeneveld' leaves, Amsterdam
  7. ^ Photographs of 'Groeneveld' elm [1] and samarae [2]
  8. ^ Heybroek, H. M., Goudzwaard, L, Kaljee, H. (2009). Iep of olm, karakterboom van de Lage Landen (:Elm, a tree with character of the Low Countries). KNNV, Uitgeverij. ISBN 9789050112819
  9. ^ Heybroek, H.M. (1993). "The Dutch Elm Breeding Program". In Sticklen, Mariam B.; Sherald, James L. (eds.). Dutch Elm Disease Research. New York, USA: Springer-Verlag. pp. 16–25. ISBN 978-1-4615-6874-2. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
  10. ^ Hillier & Sons (1977). Catalogue of Trees & Shrubs. Hillier, Ampfield, UK.
  11. ^ Hillier & Sons Sales inventory 1962 to 1977 (unpublished).
  12. ^ Johnson, O. (2011). Champion Trees of Britain & Ireland, 169. Kew Publishing, Kew, London. ISBN 9781842464526.
  13. ^ Johnson, O. (2003). Champion Trees of Britain & Ireland. Whittet Press, ISBN 9781873580615

External links

February 03, 2023
ulmus, hollandica, groeneveld, dutch, hybrid, cultivar, cloned, 1949, dorschkamp, institute, wageningen, released, 1963, response, earlier, less, virulent, form, dutch, disease, that, afflicted, europe, shortly, after, first, world, cultivar, derived, from, cr. The Dutch hybrid elm cultivar Ulmus hollandica Groeneveld was cloned in 1949 at the De Dorschkamp Institute Wageningen and released in 1963 in response to the earlier less virulent form of Dutch elm disease that afflicted Europe shortly after the First World War 1 2 The cultivar was derived from a crossing of Dutch clones 49 3 originally believed to be an English Wych Elm Ulmus glabra but later identified as another example of Ulmus hollandica and 1 a Field Elm Ulmus minor found in central France and marketed by the Barbier nursery in Orleans 4 Ulmus hollandica Groeneveld Groeneveld Stanmer Park Brighton UKHybrid parentageU hollandica U minorCultivar Groeneveld OriginNetherlands Contents 1 Description 2 Pests and diseases 3 Cultivation 4 Notable trees 5 Etymology 6 Hybrid cultivars 7 Accessions 7 1 North America 7 2 Europe 8 Nurseries 8 1 Europe 8 2 Oceania 9 References 10 External linksDescription Edit Groeneveld leaves The tree is slow growing and produces a dense upswept growth which initially made it popular as a street tree in the Netherlands 5 The dark green obovate leaves are lt 9 cm long by 4 cm broad arranged in clusters on short branchlets 6 7 Pests and diseases Edit Groeneveld has good resistance to Coral spot fungus Nectria cinnabarina and Black Spot 3 However like all the other Dutch hybrids released before 1989 it proved to have only marginal resistance rated 3 out of 5 8 to the later virulent form of Dutch elm disease and consequently planting is no longer recommended where the disease is prevalent 4 9 Cultivation Edit Groeneveld was also introduced elsewhere in Europe including Britain in small numbers The tree was briefly propagated and marketed in the UK by the Hillier amp Sons nursery Winchester Hampshire from 1975 to 1977 during which time 29 were sold 10 11 The tree was planted in trials 4 in Canberra Australia started in 1988 but has not shown promise in that environment so far it has however proved popular in New Zealand There are several specimens in American arboreta see under Accessions Notable trees EditThe TROBI Champion tree in the UK is at Stanmer Park near Brighton East Sussex measuring 18 m high by 53 cm d b h in 2002 12 Etymology Edit Groeneveld translates as green field and was named for the eponymous de Dorschkamp trial site at Wageningen Hybrid cultivars EditFL 522 derived from a crossing with the Chinese species Ulmus chenmoui by the Istituto per la Protezione delle Piante in Florence it has not been released to commerce Accessions EditNorth America Edit Holden Arboretum US Acc no 70 127 Morton Arboretum US Acc no 76 72 29 2007 graft Europe Edit Brighton amp Hove City Council UK NCCPG Elm Collection 5 UK champion Stanmer Park 18 m high 53 cm d b h in 2002 13 Grange Farm Arboretum 6 Sutton St James Spalding Lincs UK Acc no 830 Royal Botanic Garden Wakehurst Place UK Acc no 1975 6125 Sir Harold Hillier Gardens Romsey UK Acc no 1977 6442 Wijdemeren City Council Netherlands Elm Arboretum Zuidsingel circa 1985 and Strandje Wijde Blik 2019 Kortenhoef s Gravelandsevaartweg Loosdrecht ten trees planted 2018 9 trees planted 2018 Nedervecht Nederhorst den Berg Nurseries EditEurope Edit Bellwood Trees Meigle Perthshire Scotland UK 7 De Reebock 8 Zwalm Belgium Noordplant 9 Glimmen Netherlands Westerveld Boomkwekerij 10 Opheusden Netherlands Oceania Edit Productive Trees Ltd 11 Paeroa Waikato New Zealand References Edit Burdekin D A Rushforth K D November 1996 Revised by J F Webber Elms resistant to Dutch elm disease PDF Arboriculture Research Note 2 96 1 9 ISSN 1362 5128 Retrieved 26 October 2017 Santamour Frank S Bentz Susan E May 1995 Updated Checklist of Elm Ulmus Cultivars for use in North America Journal of Arboriculture 21 3 122 131 Retrieved 20 June 2016 Trial elm Clone 49 WAG 1846749 bioportal naturalis nl a b Heybroek H M 15 March 1964 Translated by Holmes F W De iep Groeneveld The Groeneveld elm The Plant Disease Reporter 48 3 187 189 Retrieved 26 October 2017 White J amp More D 2002 Trees of Britain amp Northern Europe Cassell s London noordplant nl Groeneveld leaves Amsterdam Photographs of Groeneveld elm 1 and samarae 2 Heybroek H M Goudzwaard L Kaljee H 2009 Iep of olm karakterboom van de Lage Landen Elm a tree with character of the Low Countries KNNV Uitgeverij ISBN 9789050112819 Heybroek H M 1993 The Dutch Elm Breeding Program In Sticklen Mariam B Sherald James L eds Dutch Elm Disease Research New York USA Springer Verlag pp 16 25 ISBN 978 1 4615 6874 2 Retrieved 26 October 2017 Hillier amp Sons 1977 Catalogue of Trees amp Shrubs Hillier Ampfield UK Hillier amp Sons Sales inventory 1962 to 1977 unpublished Johnson O 2011 Champion Trees of Britain amp Ireland 169 Kew Publishing Kew London ISBN 9781842464526 Johnson O 2003 Champion Trees of Britain amp Ireland Whittet Press ISBN 9781873580615External links Edit Herbarium specimen WAG 1846627 Botany catalogues Naturalis Biodiversity Center Sheet labelled Baarn trial elm no 296 1962 Groeneveld Heybroek Herbarium specimen WAG 1846630 Botany catalogues Naturalis Biodiversity Center Samarae specimen Sheet labelled Baarn trial elm no 296 1962 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ulmus hollandica 27Groeneveld 27 amp oldid 1058840647, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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