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Wikipedia

Lincolnshire

Lincolnshire (abbreviated Lincs.) is a county in the east of England, with a long coastline on the North Sea. It is divided between the East Midlands and the Yorkshire and Humber regions. It borders Norfolk to the south-east, Cambridgeshire to the south, Rutland to the south-west, Leicestershire and Nottinghamshire to the west, South Yorkshire to the north-west, and the East Riding of Yorkshire to the north. It also borders Northamptonshire in the south for just 20 yards (19 m), England's shortest county boundary.[3] The county town is Lincoln, where the county council is also based.

Lincolnshire
Lincoln, the county town of Lincolnshire
Motto(s)
Land and God
Lincolnshire within England
Coordinates: 53°4′N 0°11′W / 53.067°N 0.183°W / 53.067; -0.183Coordinates: 53°4′N 0°11′W / 53.067°N 0.183°W / 53.067; -0.183
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Constituent countryEngland
RegionEast Midlands
Yorkshire and the Humber (North Lincolnshire and
North East Lincolnshire)
Time zoneUTC±00:00 (Greenwich Mean Time)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+01:00 (British Summer Time)
Members of Parliament
Ceremonial county
Lord LieutenantToby Dennis
High SheriffMichael Scott[1] (2020–21)
Area6,959 km2 (2,687 sq mi)
 • Ranked2nd of 48
Population (2021)1,087,659
 • Ranked18th of 48
Density156/km2 (400/sq mi)
Ethnicity
  • 96% White
  • 1.6% Asian
  • 1.3% Mixed
  • 0.6% Black
  • 0.6% Other
[2]
Non-metropolitan county
County councilLincolnshire County Council
ExecutiveConservative
Admin HQLincoln
Area5,921 km2 (2,286 sq mi)
 • Ranked4th of 26
Population761,224
 • Ranked14th of 26
Density128/km2 (330/sq mi)
ONS code32
ITLUKF30
Websitewww.lincolnshire.gov.uk
Districts

Districts of Lincolnshire
Unitary County council area
Districts
  1. City of Lincoln
  2. North Kesteven
  3. South Kesteven
  4. South Holland
  5. Boston
  6. East Lindsey
  7. West Lindsey
  8. North Lincolnshire
  9. North East Lincolnshire

The ceremonial county of Lincolnshire consists of the non-metropolitan county of Lincolnshire, which is in the East Midlands region, and the areas covered by the unitary authorities of North Lincolnshire and North East Lincolnshire, which are in the Yorkshire and the Humber region. The county is the second-largest of the English ceremonial counties and one that is predominantly agricultural in land use. The county is fourth-largest of the two-tier counties, as the unitary authorities of North Lincolnshire and North East Lincolnshire are not included.

The county has several geographical sub-regions, including the rolling chalk hills of the Lincolnshire Wolds, the Lincolnshire Fens (south-east Lincolnshire), the Carrs (similar to the Fens but in north Lincolnshire), the industrial Humber Estuary and North Sea coast around Grimsby and Scunthorpe, and in the south-west of the county, the Kesteven Uplands, rolling limestone hills in the district of South Kesteven.

History

 
Part of 'The Bailgate', the centre of the uphill area of Lincoln

During pre-Roman times, most of Lincolnshire was inhabited by the Corieltauvi people. The language of the area at that time would have been Common Brittonic, the precursor to modern Welsh. The name Lincoln was derived from Lindum Colonia.

Large numbers of Germanic speakers from continental Europe settled in the region following the withdrawal of the Romans. Though these were later identified as Angles, it is unlikely that they migrated as part of an organized tribal group.[4][5] Thus, the main language of the region quickly became Old English. However, it is possible that Brittonic continued to be spoken in some communities as late as the eighth century.[6]

Modern-day Lincolnshire is derived from the merging of the territory of the Kingdom of Lindsey with that controlled by the Danelaw borough of Stamford. For some time the entire county was called "Lindsey", and it is recorded as such in the 11th-century Domesday Book. Later, the name Lindsey was applied to the northern core, around Lincoln. This emerged as one of the three Parts of Lincolnshire, along with the Parts of Holland in the south-east, and the Parts of Kesteven in the south-west, which each had separate Quarter Sessions as their county administrations.

In 1888 when county councils were set up, Lindsey, Holland and Kesteven each received separate ones. These survived until 1974, when Holland, Kesteven, and most of Lindsey were unified into Lincolnshire. The northern part of Lindsey, including Scunthorpe Municipal Borough and Grimsby County Borough, was incorporated into the newly formed non-metropolitan county of Humberside, along with most of the East Riding of Yorkshire.

 
County and County Borough areas pre 1965

A local government reform in 1996 abolished Humberside. The land south of the Humber Estuary was allocated to the unitary authorities of North Lincolnshire and North East Lincolnshire. These two areas became part of Lincolnshire for ceremonial purposes, such as the Lord-Lieutenancy, but are not covered by the Lincolnshire police; they are in the Yorkshire and the Humber region.

The remaining districts of Lincolnshire are Boston, East Lindsey, Lincoln, North Kesteven, South Holland, South Kesteven, and West Lindsey. They are part of the East Midlands region.

The area was shaken by the 27 February 2008 Lincolnshire earthquake, reaching between 4.7 and 5.3 on the Richter magnitude scale; it was one of the largest earthquakes to affect Britain in recent years.

Lincolnshire is home to Woolsthorpe Manor, birthplace and home of Sir Isaac Newton. He attended The King's School, Grantham. Its library has preserved his signature, carved into a window sill when he was a youth.

Geography

The geographical layout of Lincolnshire is quite extensive and mostly separated by many rivers and rolling countryside. The north of the county begins from where the Isle of Axholme is located near the meeting points of the rivers Ouse and Trent near to the Humber. From there, the southside of the Humber esturary forms the border between Lincolnshire and the East Riding of Yorkshire. From there, the south bank of the Humber Estuary where the Humber Bridge crosses the estuary at Barton upon Humber, is used primarily for the shipping ports at Immingham, New Holland and Grimsby. From there, the rest of the southern bank forms the Lincolnshire Coast from Cleethorpes to Mablethorpe and then onto Skegness. From Skegness, the rest of the Lincolnshire Coastline forms the sea boundary and border with Norfolk at the Wash. The coast then at Boston becomes the meeting point of the rivers Welland and Haven.

The rest of the county boundary runs roughly to the point of Sutton Bridge, which is separated from Norfolk by the River Nene which begins to branch off from the North Sea. The border with Lincolnshire to Cambridgeshire begins at Crowland, Market Deeping and Stamford which form the southern boundary of the county with both Peterborough, Rutland and briefly Northamptonshire. From there, the border with Leicestershire and Nottinghamshire begins at Sleaford, Grantham, Lincoln and Gainsborough. From Gainsborough, the border with South Yorkshire begins at Haxey and Epworth before looping back to the original north of the county near Scunthorpe with East Riding of Yorkshire at the Isle of Axholme and Goole.[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]

Bedrock in Lincolnshire features Jurassic limestone (near Lincoln) and Cretaceous chalk (north-east). The area around Woodhall Spa and Kirkby on Bain is dominated by gravel and sand.[18] For much of prehistory, Lincolnshire was under tropical seas, and most fossils found in the county are marine invertebrates. Marine vertebrates have also been found including ichthyosaurus and plesiosaur.[19][20]

The highest point in Lincolnshire is Wolds Top (168 m, 551 ft), at Normanby le Wold.[21] Some parts of the Fens may be below sea level. The nearest mountains are in Derbyshire.

The biggest rivers in Lincolnshire are the Trent, running northwards from Staffordshire up the western edge of the county to the Humber estuary, and the Witham, which begins in Lincolnshire at South Witham and runs for 132 km (82 miles) through the middle of the county, eventually emptying into the North Sea at The Wash. The Humber estuary, on Lincolnshire's northern border, is also fed by the River Ouse. The Wash is also the mouth of the Welland, the Nene and the Great Ouse.

Lincolnshire's geography is fairly varied, but consists of several distinct areas:

  • Lincolnshire Wolds: area of rolling hills in the north-east of the county designated an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty
  • The Fens: dominating the south-east quarter of the county
  • The Marshes: running along the coast of the county
  • Lincoln Edge or Cliff: limestone escarpment running north–south along the western half of the county

Lincolnshire's most well-known nature reserves include Gibraltar Point National Nature Reserve, Whisby Nature Park Local Nature Reserve, Donna Nook National Nature Reserve, RSPB Frampton Marsh and the Humberhead Peatlands National Nature Reserve. Although the Lincolnshire countryside is intensively farmed, there are many biodiverse wetland areas[citation needed], as well as rare limewood forests. Much of the county was once wet fenland (see The Fens).

From bones, we can tell that animal species formerly found in Lincolnshire include woolly mammoth, woolly rhinoceros, wild horse, wolf, wild boar and beaver.[22][23] Species which have recently returned to Lincolnshire after extirpation include little egret, Eurasian spoonbill, European otter and red kite.[24][25]

Governance

Lincolnshire County Council is Conservative controlled, as are six of its seven district councils (Lincoln City Council is controlled by Labour).[26]

Two further districts - North East Lincolnshire and North Lincolnshire - are unitary authorities. They were previously districts of Humberside county from 1974.[27] In 1996, Humberside was abolished along with its county council.[28] However some services in those districts are still shared with the East Riding of Yorkshire ceremonial county, rather than the rest of Lincolnshire.[29]

Lincolnshire is represented by 11 Members of Parliament (MPs). As of the 2019 general election, all 11 constituencies are represented by the Conservative Party.

Economy

Gross value added of Lincolnshire (£ millions)[30]
Year County-wide Agriculture[a] Industry[b] Services[c]
1995 5,719 657 1,769 3,292
2000 6,512 452 2,046 4,013
2003 8,419 518 2,518 5,383
a includes hunting and forestry
b includes energy and construction
c includes financial intermediation services indirectly measured

Notable businesses based in Lincolnshire include the Lincs FM Group, Young's Seafood, Openfield and the Lincolnshire Co-operative (whose membership includes about one quarter of the population of the county).[citation needed]

Agriculture

 
Lincolnshire farmland near Burton Coggles

Lincolnshire has long been a primarily agricultural area, and it continues to grow large amounts of wheat, barley, sugar beet, and oilseed rape. In south Lincolnshire, where the soil is particularly rich in nutrients, some of the most common crops include potatoes, cabbages, cauliflowers, and onions. Lincolnshire farmers often break world records for crop yields.[31][32] South Lincolnshire is also home to one of the UK's leading agricultural experiment stations, located in Sutton Bridge and operated by the Potato Council; Sutton Bridge Crop Storage Research engages in research for the British potato industry.[33]

The Lincoln Longwool is a rare breed of sheep, named after the region, which was developed both for wool and mutton, at least 500 years ago, and has the longest fleece of any sheep breed.[34] The Lincoln Red is an old breed of beef cattle, originating from the county. In the mid 20th century most farms in Lincolnshire moved away from mixed farming to specialise in arable cropping, partly due to cheap wool imports, partly to take advantage of efficiencies of scale and partly because the drier land on the eastern side of England is particularly suitable for arable cropping.

Mechanization around 1900 greatly diminished the number of workers required to operate the county's relatively large farms, and the proportion of workers in the agricultural sector dropped substantially during this period. Several major engineering companies developed in Lincoln, Gainsborough and Grantham to support those changes. Among these was Fosters of Lincoln, which built the first tank, and Richard Hornsby & Sons of Grantham. Most such industrial companies left during late 20th-century restructuring.

Today, immigrant workers, mainly from new member states of the European Union in Central and Eastern Europe, comprise a large component of the seasonal agricultural workforce, particularly in the south of the county. Here more labour-intensive crops are produced, such as small vegetables and cut flowers. This seasonal influx of migrant labour occasionally causes tension between the migrant workforce and local people, in a county which had been relatively unaccustomed to large-scale immigration. Agricultural training is provided at Riseholme College and in 2016 the University of Lincoln opened the Lincoln Institute for Agri-Food Technology.

Central Lincolnshire

This area covers North Kesteven, Lincoln and West Lindsey. It helps with development and economic planning around the three districts.

Services and retail

According to an Intra-governmental Group on Geographic Information (IGGI) study in 2000,[35] the town centres were ranked by area thus (including North Lincolnshire and North East Lincolnshire areas):

Public services

Education

Lincolnshire is one of the few counties in the UK that still uses the 11-plus to decide who may attend grammar school. As a result, many towns in Lincolnshire have both a grammar school and a secondary modern school. Lincolnshire's rural character means that some larger villages also have primary schools and are served by buses to nearby high schools.

Lincoln itself, however, is primarily non-selective, as is the area within a radius of about seven miles. In this area, almost all children attend comprehensive schools, though it is still possible to opt into the 11-plus system. This gives rise to the unusual result that those who pass the Eleven plus can attend a Grammar School outside the Lincoln Comprehensive area, but those who do not pass still attend a (partly non-selective) Comprehensive school.

Transport

 
The Humber Bridge connecting North Lincolnshire to the East Riding of Yorkshire

Being on the economic periphery of England, Lincolnshire's transport links are poorly developed compared with many other parts of the United Kingdom. The road network in the county is dominated by single carriageway A roads and local roads (B roads) as opposed to motorways and dual carriageways – the administrative county of Lincolnshire is one of the few UK counties without a motorway, and until several years ago, it was said that there was only about 35 km (22 mi) of dual carriageway in the whole of Lincolnshire. The M180 motorway passes through North Lincolnshire, splitting into two dual carriageway trunk roads to the Humber Bridge and Grimsby, and the A46 is now dual carriageway between Newark-on-Trent and Lincoln.

The low population density of the county means that the number of railway stations and train services is very low considering the county's large area. Many of the county's railway stations were permanently closed following the Beeching Report of 1963. The most notable reopening has been the line and two stations between Lincoln and Sleaford, which reopened within months of the Beeching closure. Most other closed lines in the county were long ago lifted and much of the trackbed has returned to agricultural use.

Prior to 1970, a through train service operated between Cleethorpes and London King's Cross via Louth, Boston and Peterborough. The part of this line in Grimsby is now the A16 road, preventing reinstatement as a railway line, and a small section of the line is now the Lincolnshire Wolds Railway, with an extension towards Louth in progress.

A daily through train service operated between Cleethorpes and London King's Cross via Grimsby, Market Rasen and Lincoln Central until the late 1980s. The Humberlincs Executive, as the service was known, was operated by an InterCity 125, but was discontinued following the electrification of the East Coast Main Line. Passengers now have to change trains at Newark North Gate when travelling to and from London. However, the East Coast Main Line passes through the western edge of the county and one can catch direct trains to London from Grantham.

 
A rural road in Lincolnshire
 
The rural B1397 in Gosberton Fen heading out towards the Bourne area

Most rail services are currently operated by East Midlands Railway and Northern Trains. London North Eastern Railway and CrossCountry have services which pass through the county, with London North Eastern Railway frequently passing and stopping at Grantham on the East Coast Main Line and a service every other hour to Lincoln, while CrossCountry trains stop at Stamford on their way between Birmingham and Stansted Airport. Stations along the Humber are served by TransPennine Express services between Manchester Airport and Cleethorpes. One of the most infrequent services in the UK is in Lincolnshire: the Sheffield-Gainsborough Central-Cleethorpes line has passenger trains only on a Saturday, with three trains in both directions. This line is, however, used for freight.

On 22 May 2011 East Coast started a Lincoln-London service, initially one train a day each way, and there is a northbound service on a Sunday. This was increased in 2019 to a service every two hours. East Midlands Railway also run a daily (Mon-Sat) service each way between Lincoln and London St Pancras, though this is a stopping service which takes around three hours via Nottingham, compared to London North Eastern Railway's service to London King's Cross which takes around 1 hour 50 minutes.

The only airport in Lincolnshire is Humberside Airport, near Brigg. East Midlands Airport the main airport servicing the East Midlands is within travelling distance of the county. Until its closure in 2022, Doncaster Sheffield Airport near Doncaster was within travelling distance of much of Lincolnshire.

The county's biggest bus companies are Stagecoach Grimsby-Cleethorpes (formerly Grimsby-Cleethorpes Transport) and Stagecoach in Lincolnshire, (formerly Lincolnshire Road Car). There are several smaller bus companies, including Brylaine of Boston, Delaine Buses and Hornsby's of Scunthorpe.[36]

A Sustrans cycle route runs from Lincoln to Boston in the south of the county.[37]

Health care

The United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust[38] is one of the largest trusts in the country, employing almost 4,000 staff and with an annual budget of over £200 million. The north of the county is served by the Northern Lincolnshire and Goole Hospital NHS Foundation Trust.

Some of the larger hospitals in the county include:

Since April 1994, Lincolnshire has had an Air Ambulance service.[39] The air ambulance is stationed at RAF Waddington near Lincoln and can reach emergencies in Lincolnshire within 25 minutes. An A&E hospital is only 10 minutes away by helicopter from any accident in Lincolnshire.

Drainage

Separately to the commercial water companies the low-lying parts of the county are drained by various internal drainage boards, such as the Black Sluice Internal Drainage Board,Witham 4th District IDB, Lindsey Marsh Drainage Board 18 April 2009 at the Wayback Machine,[40] or the Welland and Deepings Internal Drainage Board.[41]

Towns and villages

In terms of population, the 12 biggest settlements in the county by population are:

A small part of the Thorne Waste area of the town of Thorne in South Yorkshire, known as the Yorkshire Triangle, currently falls under North Lincolnshire.[42][43]

 
Map of civil parishes within Lincolnshire

Tourism

 
The centre of Skegness, showing the clock tower and the "Jolly Fisherman" sculpture/fountain
 
Seafront and beach at Cleethorpes
 
Skegness seafront and Pier
 
 
Beach Huts and Paddling Pool at Sutton-on-Sea

The majority of tourism in Lincolnshire relies on the coastal resorts and towns to the east of the Lincolnshire Wolds. The county has some of the best-known seaside resorts in the United Kingdom, which are a major attraction to visitors from across England, especially the East Midlands and parts of Yorkshire. There are three main coastal resorts in Lincolnshire and several smaller village resorts.

The main county seaside resort of Skegness with its famous Jolly Fisherman mascot and famous slogan "Skegness is so bracing", together with its neighbouring large village coastal resorts of Ingoldmells and Chapel St Leonards, provides the biggest concentration of resorts along the Lincolnshire Coast, with many large caravan and holiday sites. The resort offers many amusements, beaches, leisure activities and shops, as well as Butlins Skegness, Fantasy Island, Church Farm Museum, Natureland Seal Sanctuary, Skegness Stadium, Skegness Pier and several well-known local golf courses. There are good road, bus and rail links to the rest of the county.

The second largest group of resorts along the coast is the seaside town of Mablethorpe, famous for its golden sands, and the neighbouring village resorts of Trusthorpe and Sutton-on-Sea. This area also offers leisure activities and has large caravan and holiday sites. But the area is less developed, with fewer amusement arcades and nightclubs, and poorer road links to the rest of the county; but the area offers a more traditional seaside setting.

The third group of resorts includes the seaside town of Cleethorpes and the large village resort of Humberston within North East Lincolnshire. It has the Cleethorpes Coast Light Railway and Cleethorpes Pier along with its local golf courses and caravan and holiday sites, whilst it is also the former site of Pleasure Island Family Theme Park. Cleethorpes is well-served by road and rail; it is easily accessible from the M180 and the TransPennine Express route to Manchester.

Nature is an attraction for many tourists: the south-east of the county is mainly fenland that attracts many species of birds, as do the national nature reserves at Gibraltar Point, Saltfleetby-Theddlethorpe and Donna Nook, which also contains a large grey seal colony which is popular with visitors.

The market towns of the Lincolnshire Wolds Louth, Alford, Horncastle, Caistor and Spilsby are also attractive, with several having historically important buildings, such as Alford Manor House, St James' Church and Bolingbroke Castle. The Wolds are popular for cycling and walking, with regular events such as the Lincolnshire Wolds Walking Festival.

The city of Lincoln is home to many tourist attractions including Lincoln Castle, Lincoln Cathedral, The Engine Shed, Steep Hill, International Bomber Command Centre and Guildhall and Stonebow among other historical landmarks and listed buildings. The city acts as one of the many tourist centres in the East Midlands Region.

Culture

 
A view up 'Steep Hill' towards the historic quarter of Bailgate in Lincoln
 
Lincolnshire mobile library at Pode Hole. Lincolnshire County Council operate five routes, covering small villages in this large, sparse, county. Each location is visited once a month.[44]

Lincolnshire is a rural area where the pace of life is generally much slower than in much of the United Kingdom[clarification needed]. Due to the large distances between the towns, many villages have remained very self-contained, with many still having shops, pubs, local halls and local chapels and churches, offering a variety of social activities for residents. Fishing (in the extensive river and drainage system in the fens) and shooting are popular activities. A lot of the culture in Lincoln itself is based upon its history. The Collection is an archaeological museum and art gallery in Lincoln. Lincoln Cathedral also plays a large part in Lincoln's culture, playing host to many events throughout the year, from concert recitals to indoor food markets.

A Lincolnshire tradition was that front doors were used for only three things: a new baby, a bride, and a coffin.[45]

People

Those born in Lincolnshire are sometimes given the nickname of Yellowbellies (often spelt "Yeller Bellies", to reflect the pronunciation of the phrase by the typical Lincolnshire farmer). The origin of this term is debated, but is most commonly believed to derive from the uniform of the 10th Regiment of Foot (later the Lincolnshire Regiment) which featured yellow facings. For this reason, the coat of arms of Lincolnshire County Council is supported by two officers of the regiment.[46]

Notable people

The following list of notable people associated with Lincolnshire is arranged chronologically by date of birth.

Born before 1701

Born 1701–1850

Born 1851–1950

Born 1951 onwards

Local dialect

In common with most other Northern and Midlands dialects in England, "flat" a is preferred, i.e. /bæθ/ over /bɑːθ/, and also traditionally in words like 'water', pronounced /ˈwætər/ watter (though such a pronunciation is rarely heard nowadays). Similarly, /ʌ/ is usually replaced by /ʊ/. Features rather more confined to Lincolnshire include:

  • Elaboration of Received Pronunciation English /eɪ/ or /iː/ into a complex triphthong approximating, and often transcribed -air- or -yair-. For example: 'mate' [m(j)ɛːət]; 'beast' [b(j)ɛːəst]; tates (potatoes) [t(j)ɛːəts].
  • An equivalent elaboration of standard English /oʊ/ – commonly [oː] in Northern England – into -ooa-. For example, 'boat' [bʊːət].
  • Insertion of an extra schwa into the standard English diphthong /aʊ/.
  • Vocabulary: 'duck' as a term of endearment or informal address, 'mardy' meaning upset or angry, mowt (pronounced like 'mout') for 'might', while as a substitute for standard English 'until', frit meaning frightened, grufty meaning dirty or disgusting, and the inimitable salutation now then!? (hello), sometimes written nairn to reflect pronunciation.
  • In the north-east of the county, around Grimsby and Immingham, the nurse-square merger can be heard, as is also the case along the east coast of Yorkshire and also in Liverpool. Words that take /ɜː/ in RP take /ɛː/ in these areas.

Lincolnshire has its own dialect "champion", a farmer from the village of Minting called Farmer Wink (real name Robert Carlton), who has produced videos about rural life, narrated in his broad Lincolnshire accent. A resident of Woodhall Spa has published a dictionary of words once prevalent in parts of the county.[47]

Music

Lincolnshire was historically associated with the Lincolnshire bagpipes, instruments derided as coarse and unpleasant in contemporary literature, but noted as very popular in the county. The last player, John Hunsley of Middle Manton,[48] died in 1851,[49] and since then the instrument has been extinct.

In 1937, Percy Grainger wrote his Lincolnshire Posy for wind band. The piece is a compilation of folk songs "musical wildflowers" collected by the composer in and around the county of Lincolnshire.[50]

Food

Lincolnshire has a number of local dishes:

  • Stuffed chine – this is salted neck-chine of a pig taken from between the shoulder blades, salted for up to ten months and stuffed with parsley (other ingredients are normally kept secret), and served cold.[51]
  • Haslet – a type of pork loaf, also flavoured with sage (pronounced HAYSS-let or AYSS-let in Lincolnshire but HAZ-let in many other parts of the country).[51]
  • Lincolnshire sausages – most butchers in Lincolnshire have their own secret recipe for these and a competition is held each year to judge the best sausages in the county. Traditional Lincolnshire sausages are made entirely from minced pork, stale bread crumb (rusk is used nowadays) pepper, sage and salt. The skins should be natural casings which are made from the intestines of either sheep or pig.
  • Pork pies – the same pork butchers will take a pride in their unique recipe for pork pies.
  • Giblet pie.[51]
  • Mutton stuffed with oysters.[51]
  • Plum bread – as with plum pudding, plum refers to dried fruit, namely currants, raisins and sultanas, sometimes soaked in tea.
  • Grantham Gingerbread – a hard white ginger biscuit.
  • Lincolnshire Poacher cheese – a cheddar-style cheese produced in Alford. Lincolnshire Poacher has won numerous awards over the years including Supreme Champion at the 1996/7 British Cheese Awards and Best British Cheese at the World Cheese awards in 2001/2.
  • Batemans ales – a beer brewed in Wainfleet and served in many pubs in the county and further afield.
  • There are several small breweries.
  • Grimsby is renowned for its fishing industry, and historically Grimsby Fish has carried a premium price. Since the decline of the fishing industry following entry to the European Economic Community in the 1970s this is no longer the case, with the majority of fish sold at the town's fish market being brought overland from other ports. However, Grimsby Fish is still a recognised product, one associated with a particular area that specialises in and has expertise in a particular trade (cf Sheffield steel). In 2009 smoked fish from the town was granted Protected Geographical Indication by the European Union, reflecting the unique smoking methods used by certain local fish companies.[52]

Craft Chocolatiers can be found throughout[53][54][55] the county, such as Hansens[56] in Folkingham.[57] In 2013 Redstar Chocolate's Duffy's Venezuela Ocumare Milk won a gold medal as best bean-to-bar.[58][59] The factory is in Cleethorpes.[60]

Events

Every year the Lincolnshire Agricultural Society, founded in 1869, stages the Lincolnshire Agricultural Show.[61] It is held on the Wednesday and Thursday of the last whole week of June at its showground at Grange de Lings, a few miles north of Lincoln on the A15. The show was first held here in 1958. First held around the year 1884, it is one of the largest agricultural shows in the country, and is attended by around 100,000 people over its two days. The showground is in regular use throughout the year for a wide range of other events and functions.

Smaller local agricultural shows, such as the Heckington Show[62] can still be found. Corby Glen sheep fair[63] has been held since 1238.

 
The Red Arrows, based at RAF Scampton near Lincoln[64] are a popular attraction at the Waddington Air Show

Each year RAF Waddington is the home to the RAF International Waddington Air Show. The two-day event attracts around 150,000 people and usually takes place during the first weekend of July. Since its inception over 35 countries have participated, with aircraft from around the globe attending the Lincolnshire Base. Beginning 2017, the event will be held at nearby RAF Scampton.

On the Monday before Easter, an unusual auction takes place in Bourne to let the grazing rights of the Whitebread Meadow.[65] Bidding takes place while two boys race toward the Queen's Bridge in Eastgate, the end of which dash is equivalent to the falling of the gavel. The whole affair dates back to the 1742 will of William Clay.

The Haxey Hood village competition takes place every January, as it has for over 700 years.

Stamford's Mid-Lent fair sees showmen converge on the town the week after Mothering Sunday, with rides and sideshows filling Broad Street, the Sheepmarket and the Meadows for a week. Stalls selling Grantham gingerbread and nougat are a traditional feature. The following week sees them in Grantham, on the way north for the Summer. Roger Tuby brings a small funfair to Bourne and then to Spalding in Spring and returns in Autumn at the end of the season.

The villages of Tetford and Salmonby hold an annual Scarecrow Festival in May every year.

The Belchford Downhill Challenge which is held every two years: soapbox racers race down the hill at up to 30 km/h. The turnout has been up to 1,000.

Lincoln Christmas Market, a street market held throughout the historic area of the city at the start of December, is one of the largest Christmas markets in Europe, attracting over 250,000 people [66] over the four-day event. Around the same time, Christmas lights are turned on in Bourne, Sleaford, Skegness, and other towns.

Throughout the summer the Stamford Shakespeare Company[67] presents the Bard's plays in the open-air theatre at Tolethorpe Hall, which is actually in Rutland.

The Spalding Flower Parade was held in late spring every year between 1959 and 2013. Colourful floats decorated with tulip heads competed for a cup.[68]

Sport

 
The Gold Victorian-style Penfold post box in Lincoln painted in recognition of Paralympian Sophie Wells who won the gold medal in the team Equestrian event at the 2012 Paralympic Games in London. It is the only post box painted gold in the county

The main sports played in the county are football, cricket and rugby union. Lincolnshire does not have a high sporting profile, mainly due to the lack of facilities and high-profile football teams. Probably the most well-known sporting venues in Lincolnshire are Cadwell Park near Louth, where a round of the British Motorbike Championship is held on the last Monday of August every year and the racecourse at Market Rasen

Symbols

 
The Lincoln Imp high above the choir on the southern side of Lincoln Cathedral

The unofficial anthem of the county is the traditional folk song, "The Lincolnshire Poacher", which dates from around 1776. A version of the song was the theme for BBC Radio Lincolnshire for many years.

According to a 2002 marketing campaign by the charity Plantlife, the county flower of Lincolnshire is the common dog-violet.

In August 2005, BBC Radio Lincolnshire and Lincolnshire Life magazine launched a vote for a flag of Lincolnshire to represent the county. Six competing designs were voted upon by locals and the winning submission was unveiled in October 2005.[71][72] Lincoln has its own flag – St George's flag with a Fleur-de-Lys.

The Lincoln Imp has symbolised cathedral, city and county for many years.[73][74] In 2006 it was replaced as the brand of Lincolnshire County Council by the stylised version seen on the header here [1] which has lost even the unique pose of the carving.

Media

Press

The county is home to one daily newspaper, the Grimsby Telegraph which as the name suggests, is published in the town and whose circulation area ostensibly covers North East Lincolnshire, although it reaches as far south as Louth and Alford and as west as Brigg.

There are two further weekly papers which used to be published daily until 2011; the Lincolnshire Echo is published weekly from Lincoln and covers the majority of the county reaching as far north as Louth, and the Scunthorpe Telegraph which covers northern Lincolnshire. All three are ultimately owned by the Daily Mail and General Trust.

There are also a number of weekly papers serving individual towns published in the county by Johnston Press. One of these, the Stamford Mercury claims to be Britain's oldest newspaper, although it is now a typical local weekly and no longer covers stories from the whole East Midlands as the archived copies did.

Television

With the exception of a small area to the south-west of the county,[75] Lincolnshire is served from the Belmont transmitter,[76] receiving programmes from ITV Yorkshire and BBC One Yorkshire and Lincolnshire regions.

The BBC has, since 2003, provided the area with its twelfth regional service: BBC Yorkshire and Lincolnshire, carrying a local "Look North" news programme from the main studio in Hull, with input from other studios in Lincoln and Grimsby.

ITV Yorkshire provides coverage through its evening news programme "Calendar". Until late 2008 the station provided a separate edition for the Belmont transmitter (although it was still broadcast from Leeds). From January 2009 the area is now covered by a programme that covers the entire ITV Yorkshire region.

From 1959 to July 1974 ITV programmes were provided by Anglia Television (although some coverage could be received from the Manchester-based Granada and ABC Weekend). Based in Norwich the company had news offices in Grimsby.[77] Following a transmitter change ITV services were provided by Yorkshire Television. This company kept open the offices in Grimsby and opened further facilities in Lincoln, although both of these closed in the mid-1990s.

South-west Lincolnshire receives BBC East Midlands and ITV Central which are broadcast from the Waltham-on-the-Wolds Transmitting Station. Although subject to co-channel interference from the Waltham transmitter, a small number of households in the southern tip of the county[78] are able to receive regional programming from BBC East and ITV Anglia.

Many villages just west of the Lincoln Edge cannot get a signal from Belmont due to shadowing and instead get their TV from Emley Moor near Huddersfield.

Radio

The area is covered by several local radio stations including:

Military

 
Typhoon FGR4 aircraft, based at RAF Coningsby

Air

Because of its flat geography and low population density, Lincolnshire is an ideal place for airfields, and the Air Ministry built prolifically with the county hosting nearly seventy separate air bases. It became known as "bomber county".[79] Since the end of the Second World War most of these airfields or stations were decommissioned, but the RAF retains a significant footprint in Lincolnshire for the air defence of the United Kingdom and aircrew training. For more information on former bases, see List of former RAF stations.

Two major front-line bases located in Lincolnshire are RAF Coningsby, which is one of only two RAF Quick Reaction Alert (QRA) Stations in the United Kingdom and home to the Eurofighter Typhoon jet fighters, and RAF Waddington, where most of the RAF's Intelligence, Surveillance, Target Acquisition and Reconnaissance aircraft are based. Other stations in Lincolnshire include RAF Cranwell, home to all Air Force Basic Officer Training for the Royal Air Force; RAF Scampton, home base to the Red Arrows Aerobatic Team and former base of the Avro Vulcan nuclear strike V bomber-force; RAF Barkston Heath, a training airfield; and minor bases such as RAF Kirton in Lindsey, RAF Donna Nook and RAF Digby.

Lincolnshire is also home to two active RAF and NATO-allied air weapons training bombing ranges, located along The Wash and north Lincolnshire coastline—RAF Holbeach active since 1926 (originally part of the former RAF Sutton Bridge station) and Donna Nook. The RAF Wainfleet range was decommissioned in 2010.

Army

The Army runs Sobraon Barracks, home of 160 (Lincoln) Squadron, Royal Logistic Corps (RLC), as well as Prince William of Gloucester Barracks, Grantham, home to the national specialist logistics units. In November 2016 the Ministry of Defence announced that the Grantham site would close in 2020.[80]

Places of interest

See also

References

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  29. ^ There is still a Humberside Police, a Humberside Airport, a Humberside Fire Service, Humberside Scouts and BBC Radio Humberside.
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Bibliography

  • Foster, C. W.; Longley, Thomas, eds. (1924). The Lincolnshire Domesday and Lindsey Survey. Annual works of the society. Vol. 19. Horncastle: Lincoln Record Society.

External links

  • Lincolnshire County Council website
  • Lincs FM website
  • Visitlincolnshire.com
  • Lindcolne Skipfierde: Lincolnshire's Anglo-Saxon, Viking and Norman re-enactment and living history group
  • Pathe newsreel of motor tractors at 1919 agricultural show, thought to be Lincoln show[permanent dead link]
  • at the English Heritage Archive

lincolnshire, other, places, with, same, name, disambiguation, lincs, redirects, here, other, uses, lincs, disambiguation, abbreviated, lincs, county, east, england, with, long, coastline, north, divided, between, east, midlands, yorkshire, humber, regions, bo. For other places with the same name see Lincolnshire disambiguation Lincs redirects here For other uses see Lincs disambiguation Lincolnshire abbreviated Lincs is a county in the east of England with a long coastline on the North Sea It is divided between the East Midlands and the Yorkshire and Humber regions It borders Norfolk to the south east Cambridgeshire to the south Rutland to the south west Leicestershire and Nottinghamshire to the west South Yorkshire to the north west and the East Riding of Yorkshire to the north It also borders Northamptonshire in the south for just 20 yards 19 m England s shortest county boundary 3 The county town is Lincoln where the county council is also based LincolnshireCeremonial countyLincoln the county town of LincolnshireFlagCoat of armsMotto s Land and GodLincolnshire within EnglandCoordinates 53 4 N 0 11 W 53 067 N 0 183 W 53 067 0 183 Coordinates 53 4 N 0 11 W 53 067 N 0 183 W 53 067 0 183Sovereign stateUnited KingdomConstituent countryEnglandRegionEast MidlandsYorkshire and the Humber North Lincolnshire and North East Lincolnshire Time zoneUTC 00 00 Greenwich Mean Time Summer DST UTC 01 00 British Summer Time Members of ParliamentGareth Davies Con Holly Mumby Croft Con John Henry Hayes Con Edward Leigh Con Karl McCartney Con Lia Nici Con Andrew Percy Con Caroline Johnson Con Matt Warman Con Victoria Atkins Con Martin Vickers Con Ceremonial countyLord LieutenantToby DennisHigh SheriffMichael Scott 1 2020 21 Area6 959 km2 2 687 sq mi Ranked2nd of 48Population 2021 1 087 659 Ranked18th of 48Density156 km2 400 sq mi Ethnicity96 White1 6 Asian1 3 Mixed0 6 Black0 6 Other 2 Non metropolitan countyCounty councilLincolnshire County CouncilExecutiveConservativeAdmin HQLincolnArea5 921 km2 2 286 sq mi Ranked4th of 26Population761 224 Ranked14th of 26Density128 km2 330 sq mi ONS code32ITLUKF30Websitewww wbr lincolnshire wbr gov wbr ukDistrictsDistricts of Lincolnshire Unitary County council areaDistrictsCity of Lincoln North Kesteven South Kesteven South Holland Boston East Lindsey West Lindsey North Lincolnshire North East LincolnshireThe ceremonial county of Lincolnshire consists of the non metropolitan county of Lincolnshire which is in the East Midlands region and the areas covered by the unitary authorities of North Lincolnshire and North East Lincolnshire which are in the Yorkshire and the Humber region The county is the second largest of the English ceremonial counties and one that is predominantly agricultural in land use The county is fourth largest of the two tier counties as the unitary authorities of North Lincolnshire and North East Lincolnshire are not included The county has several geographical sub regions including the rolling chalk hills of the Lincolnshire Wolds the Lincolnshire Fens south east Lincolnshire the Carrs similar to the Fens but in north Lincolnshire the industrial Humber Estuary and North Sea coast around Grimsby and Scunthorpe and in the south west of the county the Kesteven Uplands rolling limestone hills in the district of South Kesteven Contents 1 History 2 Geography 3 Governance 4 Economy 4 1 Agriculture 4 2 Central Lincolnshire 4 3 Services and retail 5 Public services 5 1 Education 5 2 Transport 5 3 Health care 5 4 Drainage 6 Towns and villages 7 Tourism 8 Culture 8 1 People 8 2 Notable people 8 2 1 Born before 1701 8 2 2 Born 1701 1850 8 2 3 Born 1851 1950 8 2 4 Born 1951 onwards 8 3 Local dialect 8 4 Music 8 5 Food 8 6 Events 8 7 Sport 8 8 Symbols 9 Media 9 1 Press 9 2 Television 9 3 Radio 10 Military 10 1 Air 10 2 Army 11 Places of interest 12 See also 13 References 14 Bibliography 15 External linksHistory EditMain article History of Lincolnshire Part of The Bailgate the centre of the uphill area of Lincoln During pre Roman times most of Lincolnshire was inhabited by the Corieltauvi people The language of the area at that time would have been Common Brittonic the precursor to modern Welsh The name Lincoln was derived from Lindum Colonia Large numbers of Germanic speakers from continental Europe settled in the region following the withdrawal of the Romans Though these were later identified as Angles it is unlikely that they migrated as part of an organized tribal group 4 5 Thus the main language of the region quickly became Old English However it is possible that Brittonic continued to be spoken in some communities as late as the eighth century 6 Modern day Lincolnshire is derived from the merging of the territory of the Kingdom of Lindsey with that controlled by the Danelaw borough of Stamford For some time the entire county was called Lindsey and it is recorded as such in the 11th century Domesday Book Later the name Lindsey was applied to the northern core around Lincoln This emerged as one of the three Parts of Lincolnshire along with the Parts of Holland in the south east and the Parts of Kesteven in the south west which each had separate Quarter Sessions as their county administrations In 1888 when county councils were set up Lindsey Holland and Kesteven each received separate ones These survived until 1974 when Holland Kesteven and most of Lindsey were unified into Lincolnshire The northern part of Lindsey including Scunthorpe Municipal Borough and Grimsby County Borough was incorporated into the newly formed non metropolitan county of Humberside along with most of the East Riding of Yorkshire County and County Borough areas pre 1965A local government reform in 1996 abolished Humberside The land south of the Humber Estuary was allocated to the unitary authorities of North Lincolnshire and North East Lincolnshire These two areas became part of Lincolnshire for ceremonial purposes such as the Lord Lieutenancy but are not covered by the Lincolnshire police they are in the Yorkshire and the Humber region The remaining districts of Lincolnshire are Boston East Lindsey Lincoln North Kesteven South Holland South Kesteven and West Lindsey They are part of the East Midlands region The area was shaken by the 27 February 2008 Lincolnshire earthquake reaching between 4 7 and 5 3 on the Richter magnitude scale it was one of the largest earthquakes to affect Britain in recent years Lincolnshire is home to Woolsthorpe Manor birthplace and home of Sir Isaac Newton He attended The King s School Grantham Its library has preserved his signature carved into a window sill when he was a youth Belton House Boston Stump Gainsborough Old Hall Harlaxton Manor Normanby Hall Tattershall Castle Thornton Abbey St James Church LouthGeography EditThe geographical layout of Lincolnshire is quite extensive and mostly separated by many rivers and rolling countryside The north of the county begins from where the Isle of Axholme is located near the meeting points of the rivers Ouse and Trent near to the Humber From there the southside of the Humber esturary forms the border between Lincolnshire and the East Riding of Yorkshire From there the south bank of the Humber Estuary where the Humber Bridge crosses the estuary at Barton upon Humber is used primarily for the shipping ports at Immingham New Holland and Grimsby From there the rest of the southern bank forms the Lincolnshire Coast from Cleethorpes to Mablethorpe and then onto Skegness From Skegness the rest of the Lincolnshire Coastline forms the sea boundary and border with Norfolk at the Wash The coast then at Boston becomes the meeting point of the rivers Welland and Haven The rest of the county boundary runs roughly to the point of Sutton Bridge which is separated from Norfolk by the River Nene which begins to branch off from the North Sea The border with Lincolnshire to Cambridgeshire begins at Crowland Market Deeping and Stamford which form the southern boundary of the county with both Peterborough Rutland and briefly Northamptonshire From there the border with Leicestershire and Nottinghamshire begins at Sleaford Grantham Lincoln and Gainsborough From Gainsborough the border with South Yorkshire begins at Haxey and Epworth before looping back to the original north of the county near Scunthorpe with East Riding of Yorkshire at the Isle of Axholme and Goole 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Bedrock in Lincolnshire features Jurassic limestone near Lincoln and Cretaceous chalk north east The area around Woodhall Spa and Kirkby on Bain is dominated by gravel and sand 18 For much of prehistory Lincolnshire was under tropical seas and most fossils found in the county are marine invertebrates Marine vertebrates have also been found including ichthyosaurus and plesiosaur 19 20 The highest point in Lincolnshire is Wolds Top 168 m 551 ft at Normanby le Wold 21 Some parts of the Fens may be below sea level The nearest mountains are in Derbyshire The biggest rivers in Lincolnshire are the Trent running northwards from Staffordshire up the western edge of the county to the Humber estuary and the Witham which begins in Lincolnshire at South Witham and runs for 132 km 82 miles through the middle of the county eventually emptying into the North Sea at The Wash The Humber estuary on Lincolnshire s northern border is also fed by the River Ouse The Wash is also the mouth of the Welland the Nene and the Great Ouse Lincolnshire s geography is fairly varied but consists of several distinct areas Lincolnshire Wolds area of rolling hills in the north east of the county designated an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty The Fens dominating the south east quarter of the county The Marshes running along the coast of the county Lincoln Edge or Cliff limestone escarpment running north south along the western half of the countyLincolnshire s most well known nature reserves include Gibraltar Point National Nature Reserve Whisby Nature Park Local Nature Reserve Donna Nook National Nature Reserve RSPB Frampton Marsh and the Humberhead Peatlands National Nature Reserve Although the Lincolnshire countryside is intensively farmed there are many biodiverse wetland areas citation needed as well as rare limewood forests Much of the county was once wet fenland see The Fens From bones we can tell that animal species formerly found in Lincolnshire include woolly mammoth woolly rhinoceros wild horse wolf wild boar and beaver 22 23 Species which have recently returned to Lincolnshire after extirpation include little egret Eurasian spoonbill European otter and red kite 24 25 Governance EditMain article Politics of Lincolnshire Lincolnshire County Council is Conservative controlled as are six of its seven district councils Lincoln City Council is controlled by Labour 26 Two further districts North East Lincolnshire and North Lincolnshire are unitary authorities They were previously districts of Humberside county from 1974 27 In 1996 Humberside was abolished along with its county council 28 However some services in those districts are still shared with the East Riding of Yorkshire ceremonial county rather than the rest of Lincolnshire 29 Lincolnshire is represented by 11 Members of Parliament MPs As of the 2019 general election all 11 constituencies are represented by the Conservative Party Economy EditGross value added of Lincolnshire millions 30 Year County wide Agriculture a Industry b Services c 1995 5 719 657 1 769 3 2922000 6 512 452 2 046 4 0132003 8 419 518 2 518 5 383a includes hunting and forestry b includes energy and construction c includes financial intermediation services indirectly measuredNotable businesses based in Lincolnshire include the Lincs FM Group Young s Seafood Openfield and the Lincolnshire Co operative whose membership includes about one quarter of the population of the county citation needed Agriculture Edit Lincolnshire farmland near Burton Coggles Lincolnshire has long been a primarily agricultural area and it continues to grow large amounts of wheat barley sugar beet and oilseed rape In south Lincolnshire where the soil is particularly rich in nutrients some of the most common crops include potatoes cabbages cauliflowers and onions Lincolnshire farmers often break world records for crop yields 31 32 South Lincolnshire is also home to one of the UK s leading agricultural experiment stations located in Sutton Bridge and operated by the Potato Council Sutton Bridge Crop Storage Research engages in research for the British potato industry 33 The Lincoln Longwool is a rare breed of sheep named after the region which was developed both for wool and mutton at least 500 years ago and has the longest fleece of any sheep breed 34 The Lincoln Red is an old breed of beef cattle originating from the county In the mid 20th century most farms in Lincolnshire moved away from mixed farming to specialise in arable cropping partly due to cheap wool imports partly to take advantage of efficiencies of scale and partly because the drier land on the eastern side of England is particularly suitable for arable cropping Mechanization around 1900 greatly diminished the number of workers required to operate the county s relatively large farms and the proportion of workers in the agricultural sector dropped substantially during this period Several major engineering companies developed in Lincoln Gainsborough and Grantham to support those changes Among these was Fosters of Lincoln which built the first tank and Richard Hornsby amp Sons of Grantham Most such industrial companies left during late 20th century restructuring Today immigrant workers mainly from new member states of the European Union in Central and Eastern Europe comprise a large component of the seasonal agricultural workforce particularly in the south of the county Here more labour intensive crops are produced such as small vegetables and cut flowers This seasonal influx of migrant labour occasionally causes tension between the migrant workforce and local people in a county which had been relatively unaccustomed to large scale immigration Agricultural training is provided at Riseholme College and in 2016 the University of Lincoln opened the Lincoln Institute for Agri Food Technology Central Lincolnshire Edit This area covers North Kesteven Lincoln and West Lindsey It helps with development and economic planning around the three districts Services and retail Edit According to an Intra governmental Group on Geographic Information IGGI study in 2000 35 the town centres were ranked by area thus including North Lincolnshire and North East Lincolnshire areas Lincoln Grantham Grimsby Boston and Scunthorpe equal Spalding Stamford Skegness Louth Sleaford Gainsborough Brigg Cleethorpes Bourne Horncastle and Mablethorpe equal Public services EditEducation Edit Main article Education in Lincolnshire Lincolnshire is one of the few counties in the UK that still uses the 11 plus to decide who may attend grammar school As a result many towns in Lincolnshire have both a grammar school and a secondary modern school Lincolnshire s rural character means that some larger villages also have primary schools and are served by buses to nearby high schools Lincoln itself however is primarily non selective as is the area within a radius of about seven miles In this area almost all children attend comprehensive schools though it is still possible to opt into the 11 plus system This gives rise to the unusual result that those who pass the Eleven plus can attend a Grammar School outside the Lincoln Comprehensive area but those who do not pass still attend a partly non selective Comprehensive school Transport Edit Main article Transport in Lincolnshire The Humber Bridge connecting North Lincolnshire to the East Riding of Yorkshire Being on the economic periphery of England Lincolnshire s transport links are poorly developed compared with many other parts of the United Kingdom The road network in the county is dominated by single carriageway A roads and local roads B roads as opposed to motorways and dual carriageways the administrative county of Lincolnshire is one of the few UK counties without a motorway and until several years ago it was said that there was only about 35 km 22 mi of dual carriageway in the whole of Lincolnshire The M180 motorway passes through North Lincolnshire splitting into two dual carriageway trunk roads to the Humber Bridge and Grimsby and the A46 is now dual carriageway between Newark on Trent and Lincoln The low population density of the county means that the number of railway stations and train services is very low considering the county s large area Many of the county s railway stations were permanently closed following the Beeching Report of 1963 The most notable reopening has been the line and two stations between Lincoln and Sleaford which reopened within months of the Beeching closure Most other closed lines in the county were long ago lifted and much of the trackbed has returned to agricultural use Prior to 1970 a through train service operated between Cleethorpes and London King s Cross via Louth Boston and Peterborough The part of this line in Grimsby is now the A16 road preventing reinstatement as a railway line and a small section of the line is now the Lincolnshire Wolds Railway with an extension towards Louth in progress A daily through train service operated between Cleethorpes and London King s Cross via Grimsby Market Rasen and Lincoln Central until the late 1980s The Humberlincs Executive as the service was known was operated by an InterCity 125 but was discontinued following the electrification of the East Coast Main Line Passengers now have to change trains at Newark North Gate when travelling to and from London However the East Coast Main Line passes through the western edge of the county and one can catch direct trains to London from Grantham A rural road in Lincolnshire The rural B1397 in Gosberton Fen heading out towards the Bourne area Most rail services are currently operated by East Midlands Railway and Northern Trains London North Eastern Railway and CrossCountry have services which pass through the county with London North Eastern Railway frequently passing and stopping at Grantham on the East Coast Main Line and a service every other hour to Lincoln while CrossCountry trains stop at Stamford on their way between Birmingham and Stansted Airport Stations along the Humber are served by TransPennine Express services between Manchester Airport and Cleethorpes One of the most infrequent services in the UK is in Lincolnshire the Sheffield Gainsborough Central Cleethorpes line has passenger trains only on a Saturday with three trains in both directions This line is however used for freight On 22 May 2011 East Coast started a Lincoln London service initially one train a day each way and there is a northbound service on a Sunday This was increased in 2019 to a service every two hours East Midlands Railway also run a daily Mon Sat service each way between Lincoln and London St Pancras though this is a stopping service which takes around three hours via Nottingham compared to London North Eastern Railway s service to London King s Cross which takes around 1 hour 50 minutes The only airport in Lincolnshire is Humberside Airport near Brigg East Midlands Airport the main airport servicing the East Midlands is within travelling distance of the county Until its closure in 2022 Doncaster Sheffield Airport near Doncaster was within travelling distance of much of Lincolnshire The county s biggest bus companies are Stagecoach Grimsby Cleethorpes formerly Grimsby Cleethorpes Transport and Stagecoach in Lincolnshire formerly Lincolnshire Road Car There are several smaller bus companies including Brylaine of Boston Delaine Buses and Hornsby s of Scunthorpe 36 A Sustrans cycle route runs from Lincoln to Boston in the south of the county 37 Health care Edit The United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust 38 is one of the largest trusts in the country employing almost 4 000 staff and with an annual budget of over 200 million The north of the county is served by the Northern Lincolnshire and Goole Hospital NHS Foundation Trust Some of the larger hospitals in the county include Diana Princess of Wales Hospital Grimsby Scunthorpe General Hospital Boston Pilgrim Hospital Lincoln County HospitalSince April 1994 Lincolnshire has had an Air Ambulance service 39 The air ambulance is stationed at RAF Waddington near Lincoln and can reach emergencies in Lincolnshire within 25 minutes An A amp E hospital is only 10 minutes away by helicopter from any accident in Lincolnshire Drainage Edit Separately to the commercial water companies the low lying parts of the county are drained by various internal drainage boards such as the Black Sluice Internal Drainage Board Witham 4th District IDB Lindsey Marsh Drainage Board Archived 18 April 2009 at the Wayback Machine 40 or the Welland and Deepings Internal Drainage Board 41 Towns and villages EditIn terms of population the 12 biggest settlements in the county by population are Lincoln Population 97 541 Grimsby Population 88 243 Scunthorpe Population 82 334 Grantham Population 44 580 Cleethorpes Population 38 996 Boston Population 35 124 Spalding Population 34 613 Gainsborough Population 22 841 Stamford Population 19 701 Skegness Population 19 579 Sleaford Population 17 671 Louth Population 16 419 A small part of the Thorne Waste area of the town of Thorne in South Yorkshire known as the Yorkshire Triangle currently falls under North Lincolnshire 42 43 Map of civil parishes within LincolnshireTourism Edit The centre of Skegness showing the clock tower and the Jolly Fisherman sculpture fountain Seafront and beach at Cleethorpes Skegness seafront and Pier Ingoldmells beach Beach Huts and Paddling Pool at Sutton on Sea Chapel St Leonards The majority of tourism in Lincolnshire relies on the coastal resorts and towns to the east of the Lincolnshire Wolds The county has some of the best known seaside resorts in the United Kingdom which are a major attraction to visitors from across England especially the East Midlands and parts of Yorkshire There are three main coastal resorts in Lincolnshire and several smaller village resorts The main county seaside resort of Skegness with its famous Jolly Fisherman mascot and famous slogan Skegness is so bracing together with its neighbouring large village coastal resorts of Ingoldmells and Chapel St Leonards provides the biggest concentration of resorts along the Lincolnshire Coast with many large caravan and holiday sites The resort offers many amusements beaches leisure activities and shops as well as Butlins Skegness Fantasy Island Church Farm Museum Natureland Seal Sanctuary Skegness Stadium Skegness Pier and several well known local golf courses There are good road bus and rail links to the rest of the county The second largest group of resorts along the coast is the seaside town of Mablethorpe famous for its golden sands and the neighbouring village resorts of Trusthorpe and Sutton on Sea This area also offers leisure activities and has large caravan and holiday sites But the area is less developed with fewer amusement arcades and nightclubs and poorer road links to the rest of the county but the area offers a more traditional seaside setting The third group of resorts includes the seaside town of Cleethorpes and the large village resort of Humberston within North East Lincolnshire It has the Cleethorpes Coast Light Railway and Cleethorpes Pier along with its local golf courses and caravan and holiday sites whilst it is also the former site of Pleasure Island Family Theme Park Cleethorpes is well served by road and rail it is easily accessible from the M180 and the TransPennine Express route to Manchester Nature is an attraction for many tourists the south east of the county is mainly fenland that attracts many species of birds as do the national nature reserves at Gibraltar Point Saltfleetby Theddlethorpe and Donna Nook which also contains a large grey seal colony which is popular with visitors The market towns of the Lincolnshire Wolds Louth Alford Horncastle Caistor and Spilsby are also attractive with several having historically important buildings such as Alford Manor House St James Church and Bolingbroke Castle The Wolds are popular for cycling and walking with regular events such as the Lincolnshire Wolds Walking Festival The city of Lincoln is home to many tourist attractions including Lincoln Castle Lincoln Cathedral The Engine Shed Steep Hill International Bomber Command Centre and Guildhall and Stonebow among other historical landmarks and listed buildings The city acts as one of the many tourist centres in the East Midlands Region Culture Edit A view up Steep Hill towards the historic quarter of Bailgate in Lincoln Lincolnshire mobile library at Pode Hole Lincolnshire County Council operate five routes covering small villages in this large sparse county Each location is visited once a month 44 Lincolnshire is a rural area where the pace of life is generally much slower than in much of the United Kingdom clarification needed Due to the large distances between the towns many villages have remained very self contained with many still having shops pubs local halls and local chapels and churches offering a variety of social activities for residents Fishing in the extensive river and drainage system in the fens and shooting are popular activities A lot of the culture in Lincoln itself is based upon its history The Collection is an archaeological museum and art gallery in Lincoln Lincoln Cathedral also plays a large part in Lincoln s culture playing host to many events throughout the year from concert recitals to indoor food markets A Lincolnshire tradition was that front doors were used for only three things a new baby a bride and a coffin 45 People Edit Those born in Lincolnshire are sometimes given the nickname of Yellowbellies often spelt Yeller Bellies to reflect the pronunciation of the phrase by the typical Lincolnshire farmer The origin of this term is debated but is most commonly believed to derive from the uniform of the 10th Regiment of Foot later the Lincolnshire Regiment which featured yellow facings For this reason the coat of arms of Lincolnshire County Council is supported by two officers of the regiment 46 Notable people Edit William Cecil 1st Baron Burghley Captain John Smith Sir Isaac Newton Margaret Thatcher John Wesley Alfred Lord Tennyson Michael Foale The following list of notable people associated with Lincolnshire is arranged chronologically by date of birth Main article List of people from Lincolnshire Born before 1701 Edit Guthlac of Crowland 674 715 Christian saint AEthelhard 8th century 805 Archbishop of Canterbury Hereward the Wake c 1035 c 1072 Anglo Saxon nobleman Lucy of Bolingbroke 1074 1136 countess of Chester Gilbert of Sempringham c 1085 1190 Saint and Founder of the Gilbertine Order Aaron of Lincoln c 1125 1186 financier Hugh of Lincoln 1135 40 1200 Bishop of Lincoln Stephen Langton c 1150 1228 Archbishop of Canterbury Nicolaa de la Haye c 1150 1230 landowner and administrator Robert Grosseteste c 1175 1253 Bishop of Lincoln Berechiah de Nicole c 1210 c 1270 Tosafist Eleanor of Castile 1241 1290 wife of Edward I Little Saint Hugh of Lincoln 1246 1255 murder victim falsely attributed to blood libel Katherine Swynford c 1350 1403 third wife of John of Gaunt Henry IV of England 1367 1413 King of England Richard Foxe 1458 1528 bishop and founder of Corpus Christi College Oxford John Taverner c1490 1545 composer and organist John Whitgift c 1503 1604 Archbishop of Canterbury John Foxe c 1516 1587 author of Foxe s Book of Martyrs William Cecil 1st Baron Burghley 1520 1598 Chief Advisor to Queen Elizabeth I Anne Askew 1521 1546 Protestant martyr William Byrd 1539 1623 composer John Smyth c 1554 c 1612 founder of the Baptist denomination Robert Tighe 1562 1620 cleric and linguist Francis Meres 1565 1566 1647 churchman and author Captain John Smith 1580 1631 leader of the settlement of Jamestown Virginia John Cotton 1585 1652 clergyman Anne Bradstreet 1612 1672 poet John Leverett 1616 1678 79 penultimate governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony Simon Patrick 1626 1707 English theologian and bishop Sir Isaac Newton 1642 1726 mathematician and physicist John Harrison 1693 1776 chronometer innovator William Stukeley 1687 1765 antiquarianBorn 1701 1850 Edit John 1703 1791 and Charles Wesley 1707 1788 founders of the Methodist movement Benjamin Huntsman 1704 1776 inventor of crucible steel Thomas Paine 1737 1809 political activist and philosopher Joseph Banks 1743 1820 botanist and naturalist Samuel Eyles Pierce 1746 1829 preacher and theologian Thomas Scott 1747 1821 Bible commentator and co founder of the Church Missionary Society George Bass 1771 c 1803 explorer of Australia Matthew Flinders 1774 1814 navigator and cartographer Richard Watson 1781 1833 theologian and Methodist writer George Davenport 1783 1845 sailor and frontiersman Peter De Wint 1784 1849 landscape painter Pishey Thompson 1784 1862 publisher and antiquarian writer Sir John Franklin 1786 1847 Arctic explorer Andreas Kalvos 1792 1869 poet Christopher Wordsworth 1807 1885 Bishop of Lincoln Alfred Lord Tennyson 1809 1892 poet Herbert Ingram 1811 1860 journalist Lady Charlotte Guest 1812 1895 businesswoman and Welsh language translator George Boole 1815 1864 mathematician William Marwood 1818 1883 hangman Jean Ingelow 1820 1897 poet Charles Frederick Worth 1825 1895 fashion designer Edward King 1829 1910 Bishop of Lincoln Charlotte Alington Barnard 1830 1869 ballad composer and hymn writer Joseph Ruston 1835 1897 engineer and manufacturer Arnold Rylott 1839 1914 cricketer for Marylebone Cricket Club George Green Medal of Honor 1840 1898 Medal of Honor recipient Gonville Bromhead 1845 1891 Victoria Cross recipient Madge Kendal 1848 1935 actressBorn 1851 1950 Edit Ethel Rudkin 1893 1985 folklorist and archaeologist Sarah Swift 1854 1937 Royal College of Nursing founder Frank Bramley 1857 1915 artist Adrian Woodruffe Peacock 1858 1922 clergyman and ecologist William Robertson 1860 1933 Field Marshal Halford Mackinder 1861 1947 geographer Thomas Colclough Watson 1867 1917 Victoria Cross recipient Cyril Bland 1872 1950 cricketer William Tritton 1875 1946 tank developer Frank Pick 1878 1941 railway administrator Sybil Thorndike 1882 1976 actress Alfred Piccaver 1884 1958 tenor Arthur Lucan 1885 1954 part of the music hall act Old Mother Riley Harold Jackson VC 1892 1918 Victoria Cross recipient Charles Richard Sharpe 1889 1963 Victoria Cross recipient Francis Hill 1899 1980 historian Frank Whittle 1907 1996 RAF officer John George Haigh 1909 1949 serial killer Douglas Bader 1910 1982 RAF flying ace James Cobban 1910 1999 educator and headmaster Chad Varah 1911 2007 priest and The Samaritans founder Ted Savage 1912 1964 footballer Guy Gibson 1918 1944 bomber pilot and Victoria Cross recipient Steve Race 1921 2009 musician and broadcaster Liz Smith 1921 2016 actress Leslie Manser 1922 1942 bomber pilot and Victoria Cross recipient Brian Tierney 1922 2019 historian Nicholas Parsons 1923 2020 radio and TV presenter Neville Marriner 1924 2016 violinist and conductor Margaret Thatcher 1925 2013 former Prime Minister Elizabeth Jennings 1926 2001 poet Brenda Fisher 1927 2022 swimmer Joan Plowright born 1929 actress Jeff Hall 1929 1959 footballer Colin Dexter 1930 2017 crime writer Bill Podmore 1931 1994 television producer Neil McCarthy 1932 1985 actor Frank Sargeant born 1932 retired Anglican bishop Mervyn Winfield 1932 2014 cricketer Bernard Codd 1934 2013 motorcycle road racer Victor Emery 1934 2002 physicist Mike Pinner born 1934 football goalkeeper Bruce Barrymore Halpenny born 1937 military historian and author Roy Axe 1937 2010 car designer Barry Spikings born 1939 Hollywood producer John Alderton born 1940 actor John Hurt 1940 2017 actor Jo Kendall 1940 2022 actress Ted Lewis 1940 1982 crime writer Alec Brader MBE born 1942 professional footballer schoolteacher and youth athletics coach Graham Oates born 1943 footballer John Hargreaves born 1944 cricketer Tony Jacklin born 1944 golfer Roger Scruton 1944 2020 philosopher Graham Taylor 1944 2017 footballer club and England national team manager Chris Wright born 1944 music industry executive and businessman Patricia Hodge born 1946 actress Iain Matthews born 1946 singer songwriter and musician Philip Priestley born 1946 former British diplomat Richard Budge 1947 2016 coal mining entrepreneur Ray Clemence 1948 2020 football goalkeeper Jim Broadbent born 1949 actor Geoff Capes born 1949 shotputter Rod Temperton 1949 2016 songwriter record producer and musician Bernie Taupin born 1950 songwriterBorn 1951 onwards Edit Brian Bolland born 1951 comics artist John Ward born 1951 footballer David Ward born 1953 former Member of Parliament MP Michael Foale born 1957 astronaut Jennifer Saunders born 1958 actress and comedian Chris Woods born 1959 football goalkeeper Lee Chapman born 1959 footballer Glenn Cockerill born 1959 footballer Simon Garner born 1959 footballer Alan Moulder born 1959 record producer mixing engineer and audio engineer John Cridland born 1961 former Director General of the Confederation of British Industry CBI Chair of Transport for the North TfN Bill Dunham born 1961 former Deputy Commandant General of the Royal Marines Colin McFarlane born 1961 actor Stephen Sackur born 1964 broadcaster and journalist Jonathan Van Tam born 1964 specialist in influenza and former Deputy Chief Medical Officer for England Helen Fospero born 1966 newsreader and journalist Antonio Berardi born 1968 fashion designer Beverley Allitt born 1968 serial killer Samantha Cameron born 1971 businesswoman and wife of the former Prime Minister David Cameron Rae Earl born 1971 author Jane Taylor born 1972 singer and musician Robert Webb born 1972 actor comedian and writer Jonathan Kerrigan born 1972 actor Paul Palmer born 1974 swimmer Abi Titmuss born 1976 poker player and glamour model Steve Housham born 1976 footballer and manager Danny Butterfield born 1979 footballer Colin Furze born 1979 inventor and YouTube personality Kelly Adams born 1979 actress Sheridan Smith born 1981 actress Paul Mayo born 1981 footballer Guy Martin born 1981 motorcycle racer and television presenter Kevin Clifton born 1982 professional dancer and actor Joanne Clifton born 1983 professional dancer and actress Lloyd Griffith born 1983 comedian actor presenter and singer Carl Hudson born 1983 musician Ross Edgley born 1985 extreme adventurer ultra marathon sea swimmer and author Nicola Roberts born 1985 singer Oliver Ryan born 1985 footballer Luke Wright born 1985 cricketer Lee Frecklington born 1985 footballer Kate Haywood born 1987 swimmer Sam Clucas born 1990 footballer Georgie Twigg born 1990 hockey player Sophie Wells born 1990 para equestrian Scott Williams born 1990 darts player Thomas Turgoose born 1992 actor Eliza Butterworth born 1993 actress Patrick Bamford born 1993 footballer Jack Harvey born 1993 racing driver Hollie Arnold born 1994 javelin thrower Ella Henderson born 1996 singer and songwriter Holly Humberstone born 1999 singer and songwriter Ellis Chapman born 2001 footballerLocal dialect Edit In common with most other Northern and Midlands dialects in England flat a is preferred i e b ae 8 over b ɑː 8 and also traditionally in words like water pronounced ˈwaeter watter though such a pronunciation is rarely heard nowadays Similarly ʌ is usually replaced by ʊ Features rather more confined to Lincolnshire include Elaboration of Received Pronunciation English eɪ or iː into a complex triphthong approximating and often transcribed air or yair For example mate m j ɛːet beast b j ɛːest tates potatoes t j ɛːets An equivalent elaboration of standard English oʊ commonly oː in Northern England into ooa For example boat bʊːet Insertion of an extra schwa into the standard English diphthong aʊ Vocabulary duck as a term of endearment or informal address mardy meaning upset or angry mowt pronounced like mout for might while as a substitute for standard English until frit meaning frightened grufty meaning dirty or disgusting and the inimitable salutation now then hello sometimes written nairn to reflect pronunciation In the north east of the county around Grimsby and Immingham the nurse square merger can be heard as is also the case along the east coast of Yorkshire and also in Liverpool Words that take ɜː in RP take ɛː in these areas Lincolnshire has its own dialect champion a farmer from the village of Minting called Farmer Wink real name Robert Carlton who has produced videos about rural life narrated in his broad Lincolnshire accent A resident of Woodhall Spa has published a dictionary of words once prevalent in parts of the county 47 Music Edit Lincolnshire was historically associated with the Lincolnshire bagpipes instruments derided as coarse and unpleasant in contemporary literature but noted as very popular in the county The last player John Hunsley of Middle Manton 48 died in 1851 49 and since then the instrument has been extinct In 1937 Percy Grainger wrote his Lincolnshire Posy for wind band The piece is a compilation of folk songs musical wildflowers collected by the composer in and around the county of Lincolnshire 50 Food Edit Lincolnshire sausages Lincolnshire has a number of local dishes Stuffed chine this is salted neck chine of a pig taken from between the shoulder blades salted for up to ten months and stuffed with parsley other ingredients are normally kept secret and served cold 51 Haslet a type of pork loaf also flavoured with sage pronounced HAYSS let or AYSS let in Lincolnshire but HAZ let in many other parts of the country 51 Lincolnshire sausages most butchers in Lincolnshire have their own secret recipe for these and a competition is held each year to judge the best sausages in the county Traditional Lincolnshire sausages are made entirely from minced pork stale bread crumb rusk is used nowadays pepper sage and salt The skins should be natural casings which are made from the intestines of either sheep or pig Pork pies the same pork butchers will take a pride in their unique recipe for pork pies Giblet pie 51 Mutton stuffed with oysters 51 Plum bread as with plum pudding plum refers to dried fruit namely currants raisins and sultanas sometimes soaked in tea Grantham Gingerbread a hard white ginger biscuit Lincolnshire Poacher cheese a cheddar style cheese produced in Alford Lincolnshire Poacher has won numerous awards over the years including Supreme Champion at the 1996 7 British Cheese Awards and Best British Cheese at the World Cheese awards in 2001 2 Batemans ales a beer brewed in Wainfleet and served in many pubs in the county and further afield There are several small breweries Grimsby is renowned for its fishing industry and historically Grimsby Fish has carried a premium price Since the decline of the fishing industry following entry to the European Economic Community in the 1970s this is no longer the case with the majority of fish sold at the town s fish market being brought overland from other ports However Grimsby Fish is still a recognised product one associated with a particular area that specialises in and has expertise in a particular trade cf Sheffield steel In 2009 smoked fish from the town was granted Protected Geographical Indication by the European Union reflecting the unique smoking methods used by certain local fish companies 52 Craft Chocolatiers can be found throughout 53 54 55 the county such as Hansens 56 in Folkingham 57 In 2013 Redstar Chocolate s Duffy s Venezuela Ocumare Milk won a gold medal as best bean to bar 58 59 The factory is in Cleethorpes 60 Events Edit Every year the Lincolnshire Agricultural Society founded in 1869 stages the Lincolnshire Agricultural Show 61 It is held on the Wednesday and Thursday of the last whole week of June at its showground at Grange de Lings a few miles north of Lincoln on the A15 The show was first held here in 1958 First held around the year 1884 it is one of the largest agricultural shows in the country and is attended by around 100 000 people over its two days The showground is in regular use throughout the year for a wide range of other events and functions Smaller local agricultural shows such as the Heckington Show 62 can still be found Corby Glen sheep fair 63 has been held since 1238 The Red Arrows based at RAF Scampton near Lincoln 64 are a popular attraction at the Waddington Air Show Each year RAF Waddington is the home to the RAF International Waddington Air Show The two day event attracts around 150 000 people and usually takes place during the first weekend of July Since its inception over 35 countries have participated with aircraft from around the globe attending the Lincolnshire Base Beginning 2017 the event will be held at nearby RAF Scampton On the Monday before Easter an unusual auction takes place in Bourne to let the grazing rights of the Whitebread Meadow 65 Bidding takes place while two boys race toward the Queen s Bridge in Eastgate the end of which dash is equivalent to the falling of the gavel The whole affair dates back to the 1742 will of William Clay The Haxey Hood village competition takes place every January as it has for over 700 years Stamford s Mid Lent fair sees showmen converge on the town the week after Mothering Sunday with rides and sideshows filling Broad Street the Sheepmarket and the Meadows for a week Stalls selling Grantham gingerbread and nougat are a traditional feature The following week sees them in Grantham on the way north for the Summer Roger Tuby brings a small funfair to Bourne and then to Spalding in Spring and returns in Autumn at the end of the season The villages of Tetford and Salmonby hold an annual Scarecrow Festival in May every year The Belchford Downhill Challenge which is held every two years soapbox racers race down the hill at up to 30 km h The turnout has been up to 1 000 Lincoln Christmas Market a street market held throughout the historic area of the city at the start of December is one of the largest Christmas markets in Europe attracting over 250 000 people 66 over the four day event Around the same time Christmas lights are turned on in Bourne Sleaford Skegness and other towns Throughout the summer the Stamford Shakespeare Company 67 presents the Bard s plays in the open air theatre at Tolethorpe Hall which is actually in Rutland The Spalding Flower Parade was held in late spring every year between 1959 and 2013 Colourful floats decorated with tulip heads competed for a cup 68 Sport Edit The Gold Victorian style Penfold post box in Lincoln painted in recognition of Paralympian Sophie Wells who won the gold medal in the team Equestrian event at the 2012 Paralympic Games in London It is the only post box painted gold in the county The main sports played in the county are football cricket and rugby union Lincolnshire does not have a high sporting profile mainly due to the lack of facilities and high profile football teams Probably the most well known sporting venues in Lincolnshire are Cadwell Park near Louth where a round of the British Motorbike Championship is held on the last Monday of August every year and the racecourse at Market Rasen Three teams from Lincolnshire play in the Football League Lincoln City play in Football League One Grimsby Town play in Football League Two In non league football Scunthorpe United play in the National League while Boston United and Gainsborough Trinity play in the Football Conference North A meeting between any of these clubs is a Lincolnshire derby the most prominent meeting having happened across four of the top five tiers of English football is Lincoln City vs Grimsby Town In cricket Lincolnshire are a minor county and play in the Minor Counties Championship 69 In hockey Lindum Hockey Club play in the north of Lincoln Scunthorpe Rugby Club are the most notable rugby union team from Lincolnshire and will play in the fifth level of the English league system in the 2017 18 season Other notable teams include Market Rasen and Louth RUFC Lincoln RFC and Boston Rugby Club Lincolnshire is home to one racecourse at Market Rasen Cadwell Park is the only motor racing course in Lincolnshire There is a speedway track in Scunthorpe home of the Scunthorpe Scorpions and stock car racing at a stadium at Orby near Skegness Lincolnshire has an American Football club the Lincolnshire Bombers which has existed in its current guise since 2005 Lincolnshire is home to the UK roller derby team the Lincolnshire Bombers Roller Girls which is sponsored by Motorhead 70 Symbols Edit Flag of Lincolnshire The Lincoln Imp high above the choir on the southern side of Lincoln Cathedral The unofficial anthem of the county is the traditional folk song The Lincolnshire Poacher which dates from around 1776 A version of the song was the theme for BBC Radio Lincolnshire for many years According to a 2002 marketing campaign by the charity Plantlife the county flower of Lincolnshire is the common dog violet In August 2005 BBC Radio Lincolnshire and Lincolnshire Life magazine launched a vote for a flag of Lincolnshire to represent the county Six competing designs were voted upon by locals and the winning submission was unveiled in October 2005 71 72 Lincoln has its own flag St George s flag with a Fleur de Lys The Lincoln Imp has symbolised cathedral city and county for many years 73 74 In 2006 it was replaced as the brand of Lincolnshire County Council by the stylised version seen on the header here 1 which has lost even the unique pose of the carving Media EditPress Edit The county is home to one daily newspaper the Grimsby Telegraph which as the name suggests is published in the town and whose circulation area ostensibly covers North East Lincolnshire although it reaches as far south as Louth and Alford and as west as Brigg There are two further weekly papers which used to be published daily until 2011 the Lincolnshire Echo is published weekly from Lincoln and covers the majority of the county reaching as far north as Louth and the Scunthorpe Telegraph which covers northern Lincolnshire All three are ultimately owned by the Daily Mail and General Trust There are also a number of weekly papers serving individual towns published in the county by Johnston Press One of these the Stamford Mercury claims to be Britain s oldest newspaper although it is now a typical local weekly and no longer covers stories from the whole East Midlands as the archived copies did Television Edit With the exception of a small area to the south west of the county 75 Lincolnshire is served from the Belmont transmitter 76 receiving programmes from ITV Yorkshire and BBC One Yorkshire and Lincolnshire regions The BBC has since 2003 provided the area with its twelfth regional service BBC Yorkshire and Lincolnshire carrying a local Look North news programme from the main studio in Hull with input from other studios in Lincoln and Grimsby ITV Yorkshire provides coverage through its evening news programme Calendar Until late 2008 the station provided a separate edition for the Belmont transmitter although it was still broadcast from Leeds From January 2009 the area is now covered by a programme that covers the entire ITV Yorkshire region From 1959 to July 1974 ITV programmes were provided by Anglia Television although some coverage could be received from the Manchester based Granada and ABC Weekend Based in Norwich the company had news offices in Grimsby 77 Following a transmitter change ITV services were provided by Yorkshire Television This company kept open the offices in Grimsby and opened further facilities in Lincoln although both of these closed in the mid 1990s South west Lincolnshire receives BBC East Midlands and ITV Central which are broadcast from the Waltham on the Wolds Transmitting Station Although subject to co channel interference from the Waltham transmitter a small number of households in the southern tip of the county 78 are able to receive regional programming from BBC East and ITV Anglia Many villages just west of the Lincoln Edge cannot get a signal from Belmont due to shadowing and instead get their TV from Emley Moor near Huddersfield Radio Edit The area is covered by several local radio stations including BBC Radio Lincolnshire Can be heard throughout historic Lincolnshire although its broadcast remit is the present county of Lincolnshire BBC Radio Humberside The counties of northern Lincolnshire that were formerly known as South Humberside Greatest Hits Radio Lincolnshire Grimsby Cleethorpes and Immingham Heart East Peterborough and South Lincolnshire Lincs FM Historic Lincolnshire Siren FM Lincoln Tulip Radio Spalding and South Holland Viking FM Northern Lincolnshire and the East Yorkshire formerly the constituent areas of HumbersideMilitary Edit Typhoon FGR4 aircraft based at RAF Coningsby Air Edit Main article Royal Air Force Because of its flat geography and low population density Lincolnshire is an ideal place for airfields and the Air Ministry built prolifically with the county hosting nearly seventy separate air bases It became known as bomber county 79 Since the end of the Second World War most of these airfields or stations were decommissioned but the RAF retains a significant footprint in Lincolnshire for the air defence of the United Kingdom and aircrew training For more information on former bases see List of former RAF stations Two major front line bases located in Lincolnshire are RAF Coningsby which is one of only two RAF Quick Reaction Alert QRA Stations in the United Kingdom and home to the Eurofighter Typhoon jet fighters and RAF Waddington where most of the RAF s Intelligence Surveillance Target Acquisition and Reconnaissance aircraft are based Other stations in Lincolnshire include RAF Cranwell home to all Air Force Basic Officer Training for the Royal Air Force RAF Scampton home base to the Red Arrows Aerobatic Team and former base of the Avro Vulcan nuclear strike V bomber force RAF Barkston Heath a training airfield and minor bases such as RAF Kirton in Lindsey RAF Donna Nook and RAF Digby Lincolnshire is also home to two active RAF and NATO allied air weapons training bombing ranges located along The Wash and north Lincolnshire coastline RAF Holbeach active since 1926 originally part of the former RAF Sutton Bridge station and Donna Nook The RAF Wainfleet range was decommissioned in 2010 Army Edit The Army runs Sobraon Barracks home of 160 Lincoln Squadron Royal Logistic Corps RLC as well as Prince William of Gloucester Barracks Grantham home to the national specialist logistics units In November 2016 the Ministry of Defence announced that the Grantham site would close in 2020 80 Places of interest EditKey Abbey Priory Cathedral Accessible open space Amusement Theme Park Castle Country Park English HeritageForestry Commission Heritage railway Historic House Places of Worship Museum free not free National Trust Theatre ZooAlford Manor House Alford Windmill Alkborough Turf Maze Ayscoughfee Hall Bardney Limewoods Baldocks Mill Belmont Mast Belton House Bolingbroke Castle Boston Stump Bourne Abbey Boultham Park Branston Hall Burghley House Church Farm Museum Skegness Crowland Abbey Cogglesford Mill Dambusters Inn and Heritage Centre Doddington Hall Dogdyke Engine Donna Nook Dunston Pillar East Lighthouse Sutton Bridge Ellis Mill windmill Fantasy Island Ingoldmells Gainsborough Old Hall Gainsthorpe Deserted Medieval Village Gibraltar Point Gordon Boswell Romany Museum Grantham Museum Grimsby Dock Tower Grimsthorpe Castle Gunby Hall Hartsholme Country Park Harlaxton Manor Heckington Windmill Hubbard s Hills Louth Kesteven Forest Lincoln Arboretum Lincoln Castle Lincoln Cathedral Lincolnshire Aviation Heritage Centre Lincolnshire s coastal grazing marshes Lincolnshire Wolds Railway LNER Class A4 4468 Mallard 126MPH Sign Essendine Maud Foster Windmill Skirbeck Boston Metheringham Windmill Mount Pleasant Mill Kirton in Lindsey Mrs Smith s Cottage Navenby National Fishing Heritage Centre Natureland Seal Sanctuary New Theatre Royal Lincoln Normanby Hall Pelham s Pillar Pinchbeck Engine and museum of land drainage River Ancholme Snipe Dales St James Church Louth St Peter s Church Barton upon Humber Sibsey Trader Mill Somerton Castle Stow Minster Tattershall Castle Tattershall College The Collection The Usher Art Gallery The Humber Bridge Lincolnshire Wolds Museum of Lincolnshire Life The South Common Lincoln The Wash The West Common Lincoln Thornton Abbey Waltham Windmill Whisby Nature Park Woolsthorpe Manor See also Edit Geography portal England portalOutline of England Custos Rotulorum of Lincolnshire List of Keepers of the Rolls for Lincolnshire Earl of Lincoln is a title that has been created eight times in the Peerage of England and is currently represented High Sheriff of Lincolnshire Lincolnshire UK Parliament constituency List of MPs for the Lincolnshire constituency Lincs Wind Farm Lists List of bridges and viaducts in Lincolnshire List of churches in Lincolnshire List of civil parishes in Lincolnshire List of companies in Lincolnshire Both current and former List of forests and woodland in Lincolnshire List of monastic houses in Lincolnshire List of museums in Lincolnshire List of parliamentary constituencies in Lincolnshire List of places in Lincolnshire List of public art in Lincolnshire List of Roman sites in Lincolnshire List of schools in Lincolnshire List of watermills in Lincolnshire List of waterways in Lincolnshire List of windmills in Lincolnshire Lord Lieutenant of Lincolnshire Stamford Senior Youth Theatre 1185 East Midlands earthquakeReferences Edit No 62943 The London Gazette 13 March 2020 p 5161 Lincolnshire Demographics Age Ethnicity Religion Wellbeing Varbes Retrieved 10 February 2023 Lincolnshire County Council Thebythams org uk 24 October 2005 Archived from the original on 6 May 2009 Retrieved 29 June 2010 Toby F Martin The Cruciform Brooch and Anglo Saxon England Boydell and Brewer Press 2015 pp 174 178 Catherine Hills The Anglo Saxon migration to Britain an archaeological perspective 2016 Caitlin Green The Origins of Louth Archaeology and History in East Lincolnshire 400 000 BC AD 1086 2014 pp 66 67 County Map Of Lincolnshire Information About Lincolnshire Visit North West Retrieved 5 February 2022 Famous www blanchflower org Retrieved 5 February 2022 Tier limbo at Lincolnshire s northern border The Lincolnite 31 December 2020 Retrieved 5 February 2022 Edward Olivia The Lincolnshire Wolds Geographical Magazine geographical co uk Archived from the original on 16 May 2022 Retrieved 5 February 2022 How many borders does Northamptonshire have SidmartinBio www sidmartinbio org Retrieved 5 February 2022 Norfolk and Lincolnshire Border 1 March 1865 Retrieved 5 February 2022 Bird Dan 18 March 2018 This map apparently shows where the north begins LeicestershireLive Retrieved 5 February 2022 BBC Nottingham 360 The Nottinghamshire border www bbc co uk Retrieved 5 February 2022 says Diane 13 February 2011 Lincolnshire County theBythams org uk Retrieved 5 February 2022 About the Isle of Axholme axholme info Retrieved 5 February 2022 Linconshire Coast www ukcoastguide co uk Retrieved 5 February 2022 Lincolnshire Biodiversity Action Plan PDF Archived from the original PDF on 18 June 2019 Retrieved 18 July 2019 UKGE 3 December 2015 A rare Cretaceous ichthyosaur from Lincolnshire Deposits Magazine Retrieved 14 December 2018 The Lincoln Plesiosaur The Collection Thecollectionmuseum com Retrieved 14 December 2018 Franklin Ashley 22 June 2017 Man climbs Lincolnshire s highest point but where is it lincolnshirelive co uk Retrieved 14 December 2018 https www bgs ac uk downloads start cfm id 2821 Retrieved 6 December 2018 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a Missing or empty title help Sympson E Mansel 22 November 2012 Lincolnshire Cambridge University Press ISBN 9781107612648 Retrieved 14 December 2018 via Google Books Conservationists and anglers clash over otters return Grantham Journal 1 January 2018 Archived from the original on 3 December 2018 Retrieved 14 December 2018 Red kites at Belton House National Trust Retrieved 14 December 2018 Lincolnshire County Council Conservatives win 54 out of 70 seats BBC News 7 May 2021 Retrieved 10 April 2022 https web archive org web 20070930033630 http www parliament the stationery office co uk pa cm199394 cmhansrd 1994 05 26 Debate 6 html Parliamentary Debates Hansard House of Commons 26 May 1993 col 491 Archived from the original on 30 September 2007 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a archive url missing title help Archived 30 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine House of Commons Hansard Debates for 26 May 1994 Archived from the original on 30 September 2007 Retrieved 10 April 2022 https publications parliament uk pa ld199495 ldhansrd vo950306 text 50306 07 htm Parliamentary Debates Hansard House of Lords 6 March 1995 col 68 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a chapter url missing title help There is still a Humberside Police a Humberside Airport a Humberside Fire Service Humberside Scouts and BBC Radio Humberside John Marais Eddie Holmes David Woolverton Rob Betts December 2004 Lincolnshire PDF Regional Gross Value Added Office for National Statistics pp 240 253 archived from the original PDF on 3 March 2005 Wheat yield world record shattered in Lincolnshire Farmers Weekly 24 August 2015 Retrieved 14 December 2018 New world record for combined peas set in Lincs Agronomist amp Arable Farmer Aafarmer co uk 30 August 2017 Retrieved 14 December 2018 Potato Council Sutton Bridge Crop Storage Research CSR facility Potato org uk 12 September 2012 Archived from the original on 1 April 2013 Retrieved 2 April 2013 History of the Breed National Lincoln Sheep Breeders Association Lincolnsheep com Archived from the original on 6 December 2018 Retrieved 14 December 2018 Town centres data from 2000 Archived from the original on 9 March 2005 Retrieved 2 April 2013 Home Hornsbytravel co uk Archived from the original on 22 May 2013 Retrieved 2 April 2013 Sustrans Lincolnshire Sustrans org uk Archived from the original on 8 March 2013 Retrieved 2 April 2013 United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust Website Home Ulh nhs uk Archived from the original on 3 April 2013 Retrieved 2 April 2013 Air Ambulance Lincs amp Nott Home Page Archived from the original on 20 May 2004 Retrieved 6 February 2016 Archived copy Archived from the original on 18 April 2009 Retrieved 15 August 2009 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint archived copy as title link Map of Lincolnshire IDBs Archived from the original on 22 June 2009 2006 Thorne Moors Vertebrate Report Thorne Waste except now the Yorkshire Triangle lies in South Yorkshire and the other parishes lie in East Yorkshire except Crowle Moor and the Yorkshire Triangle which are in North Lincolnshire birdingsiteguide com Retrieved 9 November 2019 Humberhead Peatlands Map of Thorne Moors Humberhead Peatlands Website Retrieved 9 November 2019 Mobile Libraries Lincolnshire County Council Archived from the original on 11 November 2013 Retrieved 22 November 2013 Wherever you live in Lincolnshire whether in the countryside of the Wolds or Fens the Coastal area or even on the edge of a town a Mobile Library will stop nearby Lincolnshire Sayings and Traditions Rootsweb ancestry com Archived from the original on 20 May 2013 Retrieved 2 April 2013 Civic Heraldry visited 22 December 2006 Civicheraldry co uk Archived from the original on 23 May 2013 Retrieved 2 April 2013 thisislincolnshire co uk dead link Binnall P B G A Man of Might in FOLKLORE Vol 52 p 73 1941 Binnall P B G A Man of Might in FOLKLORE Vol 52 p 74 1941 Bird John 1999 Percy Grainger Oxford University Press p 127 ISBN 0 19 816652 4 a b c d Lincolnshire s Dishes Portsmouth Evening News 5 November 1937 Retrieved 15 February 2015 via British Newspaper Archive Elliott Valerie 17 November 2009 Traditional Grimsby Smoked Fish is granted European PGI status The Times London Archived from the original on 29 June 2011 Retrieved 16 July 2010 Chocolatier in Louth Archived from the original on 27 July 2013 Retrieved 7 July 2013 Bingham Caroline November 2012 Chocolatier in Willingham Lincolnshire Life Archived from the original on 26 February 2015 Retrieved 7 July 2013 Chocolatier in Skegness Archived from the original on 10 September 2014 Retrieved 7 July 2013 Hansen s chocolate house Archived from the original on 18 August 2013 Retrieved 7 July 2013 Hansen s Chocolate House Folkingham Lincolnshire Explore Lincolnshire Archived from the original on 25 January 2014 Retrieved 7 July 2013 Best Milk Chocolate Bean To Bar 2013 awards Academy of Chocolate Archived from the original on 4 July 2013 Retrieved 7 July 2013 Williams Holly 7 July 2013 Best of British The Independent Archived from the original on 8 July 2013 Retrieved 7 July 2013 Red Star Chocolate Archived from the original on 26 June 2013 Retrieved 7 July 2013 Lincolnshire Events Centre Lincolnshire Showground Archived from the original on 24 February 2009 Retrieved 29 June 2010 The Largest Village Show in England Heckingtonshow org uk Archived from the original on 5 May 2010 Retrieved 29 June 2010 Corby Glen Sheep Fair Gallery Corbyglen com Archived from the original on 21 July 2010 Retrieved 29 June 2010 RAF Red Arrows Home Raf mod uk 11 January 2010 Archived from the original on 16 May 2010 Retrieved 29 June 2010 The White Bread Meadow Homepages which net Archived from the original on 15 July 2010 Retrieved 29 June 2010 Crafts at Lincoln Christmas Market Retrieved 31 March 2013 Stamford Shakespeare Company Stamfordshakespeare co uk Archived from the original on 10 June 2010 Retrieved 29 June 2010 Spalding Flower Parade Spaldingnet com Archived from the original on 30 April 2018 Retrieved 29 April 2018 Play Sport New Media 13 June 2002 Play Cricket the ECB Cricket Network Lincscb play cricket com Archived from the original on 15 July 2011 Retrieved 29 June 2010 Now sponsored by MOTORHEAD Lincolnshire Bombers Lincolnshire Bombers News forum 1 April 2009 Archived from the original on 14 May 2010 Retrieved 11 January 2010 New county flag design unveiled BBC News 24 October 2005 Archived from the original on 25 October 2012 Retrieved 15 February 2010 Lincolnshire flag at the self appointed flag registry Archived from the original on 12 July 2010 Retrieved 26 June 2010 Santos Cory 19 April 2013 Tracking the mysterious origins of the Lincoln Imp The Lincolnite Archived from the original on 24 May 2013 Retrieved 7 July 2013 the imp has come to represent Lincoln as its mischievous mascot Williams Phil 16 December 2011 A History of the Lincoln Imp Lincoln Cathedral Archived from the original on 28 May 2012 Retrieved 7 July 2013 Lincoln s imp is a well known emblem of the Cathedral and the city to the extent it has been adopted as the symbol of Lincoln mb21 Transmitter Information Waltham 11 June 2009 Archived from the original on 11 June 2009 Retrieved 14 December 2018 mb21 Transmitter Information Belmont 9 June 2009 Archived from the original on 9 June 2009 Retrieved 14 December 2018 ITV 1968 A Guide to Independent Television Independent Television Authority London 1967 page 175 mb21 Transmitter Information Sandy Heath 4 June 2009 Archived from the original on 4 June 2009 Retrieved 14 December 2018 Bomber County past and present BBC News 18 May 2012 Archived from the original on 25 September 2018 Retrieved 25 September 2018 A Better Defence Estate PDF Ministry of Defence November 2016 Archived PDF from the original on 8 November 2016 Retrieved 8 November 2016 Bibliography EditFoster C W Longley Thomas eds 1924 The Lincolnshire Domesday and Lindsey Survey Annual works of the society Vol 19 Horncastle Lincoln Record Society External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lincolnshire Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Lincolnshire Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica article Lincolnshire Wikisource has the text of the Encyclopaedia Britannica 9th ed article Lincoln Lincolnshire County Council website Lincs FM website Visitlincolnshire com Lindcolne Skipfierde Lincolnshire s Anglo Saxon Viking and Norman re enactment and living history group Lincolnshire Show official website Pathe newsreel of motor tractors at 1919 agricultural show thought to be Lincoln show permanent dead link Images of Lincolnshire at the English Heritage Archive Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Lincolnshire amp oldid 1138628024, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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