This article is about the French Turbotrain. For the UAC Turbo used in Canada and the United States, see UAC TurboTrain. For the ANF and Rohr Turbotrains used in the United States, see Turboliner.
The Turbotrain was any of several French high-speed, gas turbine trains. The earliest Turbotrain entered service in 1967, for use on France's SNCF intercity lines. There were four versions in total, with the last exiting service in 2005, and it is the Turbotrain that made advances possible for the TGV.
TGS (Turbine à gaz spéciale) Prototype – XR 8575 trainsetedit
In 1967, the SNCF converted a 2-car X 4300 Class diesel multiple unit train originally built by ANF Industrie (Ateliers Construction du Nord de la France) starting in 1963 (either train number X4375 or X4365), into the prototype experimental Turbotrain TGS (Turbine à gaz spéciale).[1] The new gas-turbine engine was installed into the trailer car of this 2-car set; the original diesel power-car was fitted with a new cab but retained its original diesel motor and transmission.[1]
Trials started on 25 April 1967. The TGS reached 252 km/h (157 mph) on 15 October 1971.
Class T 1000 ETG (Élément à Turbine à Gaz) trainsedit
This is the first-generation of production Turbotrains. These ETG (Elément à Turbine à Gaz) trains were four carriage trainsets which offered 188 seats and possessed one diesel engine and one gas turbine engine. The gas-turbine engine was an 820 kW Turbomeca Turmo IIIF3 gas-turbine Voith hydraulic (derived from a helicopter turbine) and the diesel was a 320 kW Saurer SDHR diesel-mechanical.[2] These trains reached 160 km/h (99 mph).[2] The ETGs entered service in 1971 on the Paris-Caen-Cherbourg. A total of 14 of these four-car trainsets were manufactured from 1969–1972 by ANF. These trains were maintained at the Venissieux trainshed in Lyon for "many years", but were moved to the Lyon Vaise depot in the 1980s. Electrification of the Grenoble line caused some trainsets to be shifted to work in Clermont Ferrand and Metz.[2]
Class T 2000 RTG (Rame à Turbine à Gaz) trainsedit
These trains had five carriages with 280 seats and were built between 1972 and 1976 by ANF and MTE (Societe de Materiel de Traction Electrique). Forty-one RTG trainsets were manufactured for SNCF service. These trains were equipped with one 820 kW (1,100 hp) Turmo IIIF1 gas turbine in the even-numbered cabs and one Turmo XII 1,200 kW (1,600 hp) gas turbine in the odd-numbered cabs, reaching 160 km/h (99 mph).[2] Normally, the even-numbered 820 kW (1,100 hp) engine was shut down once the train reached cruising speeds.[2] The RTG entered service in 1973 on the Strasbourg-Lyon and Lyon-Nantes lines, it subsequently entered service on the Paris-Caen-Cherbourg and Paris-Deauville-Dives-Cabourg lines in 1975. The electrification of the Paris-Caen-Cherbourg line in 1996 moved the RTGs onto the Lyon-Bordeaux line until 2005.
In later years, the SNCF RTG trainsets were modified to allow two RTG trains to be operated together by one driver as a multiple-unit train.[2]
Export modelsedit
Six examples of the RTG were built by ANF for Amtrak and were dubbed Turboliners in the United States. These RTG Turboliners were first imported into the United States in 1973 and "impressed with their reliability"[3] and proliferated with further orders from France and license-production in the United States by Rohr.[3]
The Egyptian National Railways purchased three enlarged 10-car turbotrains manufactured by ANF for a planned 160 km/h (99 mph) service on the 208 km route between Cairo and Alexandria. However, the trackage is not suitable for such speeds, and the trains have been restricted to 140 km/h (87 mph) maximum and 60 km/h (37 mph) in the vicinity of Cairo.[4]
Four units of Turbotrains were introduced in Iran in 1974 with max speed of 160 km/h (99 mph) between Tehran-Mashhad that later in 2008 were converted to DMUs by substitution of diesel engines instead of turbines.
TGV 001 experimental high-speed trainedit
This experimental Turbotrain TGV 001 set the world speed record for gas turbine-powered rail vehicles with 318 km/h (198 mph) on 8 December 1972.
This TGV 001 was a five-car trainset which possessed four gas-turbine engines with a total output of 6,500 hp (4,800 kW) and all axles motored.[3] This train was extensively tested over more than 34,000 miles (55,000 km) running at over 200 km/h (120 mph), of which almost half were covered at more than 257 km/h (160 mph) and a peak of 318 km/h (198 mph).[3] The research program from this prototype, and from the Z7001 Zebulon electric test train, provided data used for the design of the later electric TGV trains.
^ abGarvin, Brian; Fox, Peter; and Appleby, Chris. SNCF/French National Railways: Locomotives and Multiple Units. Sheffield, United Kingdom: Platform 5 Publishing; 1986. pp65, 96
^ abcdefGarvin, Brian; Fox, Peter; and Appleby, Chris. SNCF/French National Railways: Locomotives and Multiple Units. Sheffield, United Kingdom: Platform 5 Publishing; 1986. p96.
^ abcdeAllen, Geoffrey Freeman. The World's Fastest Trains: From the Age of Steam to the TGV. Somerset, United Kingdom: Patrick Stephens Limited; 1992. p143
^Abbott, James, editor. Jane's World Railways 1996–1997. Surrey, United Kingdom: Jane's Information Group; 1996. pp448-9
January 01, 1970
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This article is about the French Turbotrain For the UAC Turbo used in Canada and the United States see UAC TurboTrain For the ANF and Rohr Turbotrains used in the United States see Turboliner This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Turbotrain news newspapers books scholar JSTOR June 2015 Learn how and when to remove this message The Turbotrain was any of several French high speed gas turbine trains The earliest Turbotrain entered service in 1967 for use on France s SNCF intercity lines There were four versions in total with the last exiting service in 2005 and it is the Turbotrain that made advances possible for the TGV SNCF s turbotrain in Houlgate on the Deauville Dives line Contents 1 TGS Turbine a gaz speciale Prototype XR 8575 trainset 2 Class T 1000 ETG Element a Turbine a Gaz trains 3 Class T 2000 RTG Rame a Turbine a Gaz trains 4 Export models 5 TGV 001 experimental high speed train 6 Preservation 7 See also 8 ReferencesTGS Turbine a gaz speciale Prototype XR 8575 trainset editIn 1967 the SNCF converted a 2 car X 4300 Class diesel multiple unit train originally built by ANF Industrie Ateliers Construction du Nord de la France starting in 1963 either train number X4375 or X4365 into the prototype experimental Turbotrain TGS Turbine a gaz speciale 1 The new gas turbine engine was installed into the trailer car of this 2 car set the original diesel power car was fitted with a new cab but retained its original diesel motor and transmission 1 Trials started on 25 April 1967 The TGS reached 252 km h 157 mph on 15 October 1971 Class T 1000 ETG Element a Turbine a Gaz trains editThis is the first generation of production Turbotrains These ETG Element a Turbine a Gaz trains were four carriage trainsets which offered 188 seats and possessed one diesel engine and one gas turbine engine The gas turbine engine was an 820 kW Turbomeca Turmo IIIF3 gas turbine Voith hydraulic derived from a helicopter turbine and the diesel was a 320 kW Saurer SDHR diesel mechanical 2 These trains reached 160 km h 99 mph 2 The ETGs entered service in 1971 on the Paris Caen Cherbourg A total of 14 of these four car trainsets were manufactured from 1969 1972 by ANF These trains were maintained at the Venissieux trainshed in Lyon for many years but were moved to the Lyon Vaise depot in the 1980s Electrification of the Grenoble line caused some trainsets to be shifted to work in Clermont Ferrand and Metz 2 Class T 2000 RTG Rame a Turbine a Gaz trains edit nbsp Turbotrain at Roanne These trains had five carriages with 280 seats and were built between 1972 and 1976 by ANF and MTE Societe de Materiel de Traction Electrique Forty one RTG trainsets were manufactured for SNCF service These trains were equipped with one 820 kW 1 100 hp Turmo IIIF1 gas turbine in the even numbered cabs and one Turmo XII 1 200 kW 1 600 hp gas turbine in the odd numbered cabs reaching 160 km h 99 mph 2 Normally the even numbered 820 kW 1 100 hp engine was shut down once the train reached cruising speeds 2 The RTG entered service in 1973 on the Strasbourg Lyon and Lyon Nantes lines it subsequently entered service on the Paris Caen Cherbourg and Paris Deauville Dives Cabourg lines in 1975 The electrification of the Paris Caen Cherbourg line in 1996 moved the RTGs onto the Lyon Bordeaux line until 2005 In later years the SNCF RTG trainsets were modified to allow two RTG trains to be operated together by one driver as a multiple unit train 2 Export models editSix examples of the RTG were built by ANF for Amtrak and were dubbed Turboliners in the United States These RTG Turboliners were first imported into the United States in 1973 and impressed with their reliability 3 and proliferated with further orders from France and license production in the United States by Rohr 3 The Egyptian National Railways purchased three enlarged 10 car turbotrains manufactured by ANF for a planned 160 km h 99 mph service on the 208 km route between Cairo and Alexandria However the trackage is not suitable for such speeds and the trains have been restricted to 140 km h 87 mph maximum and 60 km h 37 mph in the vicinity of Cairo 4 Four units of Turbotrains were introduced in Iran in 1974 with max speed of 160 km h 99 mph between Tehran Mashhad that later in 2008 were converted to DMUs by substitution of diesel engines instead of turbines TGV 001 experimental high speed train editThis experimental Turbotrain TGV 001 set the world speed record for gas turbine powered rail vehicles with 318 km h 198 mph on 8 December 1972 This TGV 001 was a five car trainset which possessed four gas turbine engines with a total output of 6 500 hp 4 800 kW and all axles motored 3 This train was extensively tested over more than 34 000 miles 55 000 km running at over 200 km h 120 mph of which almost half were covered at more than 257 km h 160 mph and a peak of 318 km h 198 mph 3 The research program from this prototype and from the Z7001 Zebulon electric test train provided data used for the design of the later electric TGV trains The TGV 001 prototype was retired in January 1978 3 one power car TDu 001 from this trainset is preserved and is located at 48 36 53 N 7 43 38 E 48 614729 N 7 727189 E 48 614729 7 727189 on the A4 highway exit number 50 Bischheim near Strasbourg in Alsace France The other power car TDu 002 is preserved and located at 47 38 35 N 6 53 24 E 47 643008 N 6 889863 E 47 643008 6 889863 on the A36 highway exit number 13 Belfort Glacis du Chateau near Belfort in the Territoire de Belfort France Preservation editOne RTG is kept in running condition at the French National Railway Museum in Mulhouse citation needed See also editGas turbine electric locomotive SNCF Turbine electric transmission TurboshaftReferences edit a b Garvin Brian Fox Peter and Appleby Chris SNCF French National Railways Locomotives and Multiple Units Sheffield United Kingdom Platform 5 Publishing 1986 pp65 96 a b c d e f Garvin Brian Fox Peter and Appleby Chris SNCF French National Railways Locomotives and Multiple Units Sheffield United Kingdom Platform 5 Publishing 1986 p96 a b c d e Allen Geoffrey Freeman The World s Fastest Trains From the Age of Steam to the TGV Somerset United Kingdom Patrick Stephens Limited 1992 p143 Abbott James editor Jane s World Railways 1996 1997 Surrey United Kingdom Jane s Information Group 1996 pp448 9 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Turbotrain amp oldid 1139004762, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
