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1988 Pacific typhoon season

April 12, 2024

The 1988 Pacific typhoon season was a very active season in terms of named storms, though it only featured 11 typhoons and 1 super typhoon. It had no official bounds; it ran year-round in 1988, but most tropical cyclones formed between May and November.[1] Tropical storms that formed in the entire west Pacific basin were assigned a name by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Tropical depressions that enter or form in the Philippine area of responsibility are assigned a name by the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration or PAGASA. This can often result in the same storm having two names.

1988 Pacific typhoon season
Season summary map
Seasonal boundaries
First system formedJanuary 7, 1988
Last system dissipatedDecember 27, 1988
Strongest storm
NameNelson
 • Maximum winds185 km/h (115 mph)
(10-minute sustained)
 • Lowest pressure915 hPa (mbar)
Seasonal statistics
Total depressions52 official, 1 unofficial
Total storms31 official, 1 unofficial
Typhoons11
Super typhoons1 (unofficial)
Total fatalities>786
Total damage≥ $503.9 million (1988 USD)
Related articles
Pacific typhoon seasons
1986, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990

A total of 26 tropical cyclones formed this year in the Western Pacific, of which all became tropical storms. Of the 26, 10 storms reached typhoon intensity, of which 1 reached supertyphoon strength. Nine tropical cyclones moved through the Philippines this season, making this season the most active for the archipelago so far this decade.

Seasonal summary edit

Typhoon SkipTropical Storm Tess (1988)Typhoon Ruby (1988)Hurricane UlekiTyphoon WarrenTyphoon Roy

A total of 26 tropical cyclones formed this year in the Western Pacific, of which all became tropical storms. Of the 26, 10 storms reached typhoon intensity, of which 1 reached supertyphoon strength. Nine tropical cyclones moved through the Philippines this season.

Systems edit

Typhoon Roy (Asiang) edit

Very strong typhoon (JMA)
Category 4 typhoon (SSHWS)
   
DurationJanuary 7 – January 19
Peak intensity155 km/h (100 mph) (10-min);
940 hPa (mbar)
Main article: Typhoon Roy

Typhoon Roy, which crossed the open Western Pacific as a Category 4 typhoon in January, caused moderate to extensive damage across the Federated States of Micronesia and the Philippines, causing $23.5 million (1988 USD) but only one death.[nb 1]

Typhoon Susan (Biring) edit

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
   
DurationMay 28 – June 3
Peak intensity120 km/h (75 mph) (10-min);
970 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Susan formed at the end of May just to the north of Luzon Island in the Philippines. As a depression Susan dropped heavy rains in and around the Manila area the resulting landslides killed 6 people. As Susan moved away from the Philippines the storm strengthened into a typhoon shortly before cross in the southern tip of Taiwan and turning extratropical just after passing Okinawa.[2]

Tropical Storm 03W (Konsing) edit

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical depression (SSHWS)
   
DurationJune 3 – June 6
Peak intensity65 km/h (40 mph) (10-min);
1000 hPa (mbar)

3W was a short lived tropical storm.

Typhoon Thad (Ditang) edit

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
   
DurationJune 17 – June 25
Peak intensity130 km/h (80 mph) (10-min);
970 hPa (mbar)

A tropical depression was designated by the JMA early on June 18. At the time, the depression was located south of the Caroline Islands.[3] Further development was slow to occur due to strong winds aloft caused by a TUTT. Nevertheless, the system's cloud structure and outflow pattern slowly improved, and based on Dvorak estimates of T2.5/40 mph (65 km/h), the JTWC upgraded the disturbance into Tropical Storm Thad at 00:00 UTC on June 20,[4] with the JMA following suit six hours later.[3] After initially moving west, Thad tracked northwest due to the subtropical ridge to its north. Thad slowly deepened,[4] with the JMA upgrading Thad to a severe tropical storm at 06:00 UTC on June 21 and a typhoon the next day.[3] At 06:00 UTC on June 22, the JTWC upped Thad into a typhoon, based on satellite intensity estimates of 130 km/h (80 mph).[4] Shortly thereafter, the JMA reported that Thad reached its highest intensity, with winds of 130 km/h (80 mph).[3] Additional strengthening did not occur, however, as the system developed a central cold over – a large irregular shaped area of deep convection. By June 23, Thad reached the western periphery of a subtropical ridge, and began to recurve in response to a mid-latitude trough over eastern China. Rapid weakening began at 00:00 UTC on June 24 due to increased winds aloft. Both the JTWC[4] and JMA downgraded Thad into a tropical storm that day as the storm passed 150 km (95 mi) southeast of Okinawa.[3] The JTWC reported that Thad dissipated at 00:00 UTC on June 25,[4] although the JMA continued to track it as a tropical depression for 12 more hours.[3]

Severe Tropical Storm Vanessa (Edeng) edit

Severe tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
   
DurationJune 25 – June 29
Peak intensity100 km/h (65 mph) (10-min);
990 hPa (mbar)

A tropical disturbance was first spotted at noon on June 24 over 200 km (125 mi) east of the Caroline Islands. Thunderstorm activity increased almost immediately thereafter, and the storm's outflow subsequently expanded, aided by a retreating Tropical Upper Tropospheric Trough (TUTT).[4] The JMA upgraded the system into a tropical depression on the morning of June 26.[3] Six hours later, the JTWC followed suit, and at 00:00 UTc on June 27, both the JTWC and JMA upgraded the depression into a tropical storm.[4] Several hours later, Vanessa made landfall over the central Philippines; at the time of landfall, both the JMA and JTWC estimated winds of 80 km/h (50 mph).[4][3] Accelerating, Vanessa entered the South China Sea at 02:00 UTC on June 28.[4] Around this time, the JMA estimated that Vanessa reached its maximum intensity, with winds of 105 km/h (65 mph), making it a severe tropical storm.[3] Strong wind shear then increased over the system, but Vanessa did not begin weakening until 00:00 UTC on June 29. Six hours later, after Vanessa became devoid of deep convection near the center, the JTWC issued their last warning on the system.[4] However, the JMA continued to track it until noon that day.[3]

Typhoon Warren (Huaning) edit

Main article: Typhoon Warren
Very strong typhoon (JMA)
Category 4 typhoon (SSHWS)
   
DurationJuly 11 – July 20
Peak intensity165 km/h (105 mph) (10-min);
940 hPa (mbar)

A tropical depression formed to the east of Guam shortly before passing north of the island. Shortly after passing the island the storm strengthened into Tropical Storm Warren. Warren kept gathering strength and reached peak intensity of 130 mph while 300 miles east of Luzon Island. Typhoon Warren moved westward and brushed the extreme northern tip of Luzon Island in the Philippines causing $10 million in damage. Warren then made landfall near Shantou, China, 13,000 homes were destroyed and 17 people were killed in Guangdong Province.[2]

Severe Tropical Storm Agnes edit

Severe tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
   
DurationJuly 27 – August 1
Peak intensity95 km/h (60 mph) (10-min);
975 hPa (mbar)

Following the demise of Typhoon Warren, an area of disturbed weather formed southeast of Japan, and by July 27, this area had developed a closed surface circulation.[4] At noon the same day, the JMA upgraded it into a tropical depression.[3] Initially resembling a monsoon depression, the storm's upper-level outflow and organization increased on June 28 in response to decreased winds aloft.[4] On June 29, both the JTWC and JMA upgraded the system into Tropical Storm Agnes.[4][3] Contrary to forecasts, Agnes accelerated northeast in response to a trough northeast of Japan.[4] At 00:00 UTC on June 30, the JTWC estimated a peak intensity of 80 km/h (50 mph) and the JMA estimated a peak intensity of 95 km/h (60 mph), making Agnes a severe tropical storm.[4][3] Twelve hours later, the system lost all its deep convection, and the JTWC issued its last warning on it at 18:00 UTC.[4] Despite this, the JMA continued to follow Agnes through August 4, three days after the agency declared Agnes extratropical.[3]

JMA Tropical Storm Eight edit

Tropical storm (JMA)
   
DurationJuly 30 – August 3
Peak intensity65 km/h (40 mph) (10-min);
998 hPa (mbar)

This was not tracked by the JTWC.

Tropical Storm Bill edit

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
   
DurationAugust 4 – August 9
Peak intensity85 km/h (50 mph) (10-min);
985 hPa (mbar)

On August 1, the monsoon trough stretched from the Gulf of Tonkin to Japan, but four days later, abruptly re-aligned. This created favorable conditions aloft for tropical cyclone formation, and an area of convection in the Philippine Sea began to rapidly develop.[4] On the evening of August 4, the JMA upgraded the disturbance into a tropical depression,[3] and the next day, the JTWC issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (TCFA). However, its development rate slowed as the system separated from the monsoon trough. Tracking northeast, the low passed just southwest of the southern tip of Okinawa at 15:00 UTC on August 6.[4] That day, the JMA upgraded the depression into a tropical storm, though the JTWC did not do the same until 24 hours later.[3] Shortly thereafter, both agencies indicated that Bill attained its peak velocity of 80 km/h (50 mph),[4] an intensity it would maintain until making landfall 220 km (135 mi) south of Shanghai. Although the JTWC issued its final advisory at 00:00 UTC on August 8,[4] with the JMA doing the same 36 hours later, its remains could still be identified through August 10.[3]

Tropical Storm Bill, which formed on August 5 east of Taiwan, moved northwest to hit eastern China as a 45 mph tropical storm. Torrential rains and heavy flooding resulted in 110 casualties and widespread damage to roads and dams.[5]

Tropical Storm Clara edit

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
   
DurationAugust 5 – August 16
Peak intensity75 km/h (45 mph) (10-min);
994 hPa (mbar)

An area of disorganized convection about 1,000 km (620 mi) north of Wake Island in early August.[4] The disturbance was classified on August 5 by the JMA.[3] The depression tracked westward under the influence of a subtropical ridge. Two days later, the system began to organize, although shower activity remained exposed from the center. Strong wind shear prevented further development, but by August 10, thunderstorm activity had increased in coverage. At 19:15 UTC the same day, the JTWC upgraded it to Tropical Storm Clara,[4] with the JMA following suit around the same time.[3] Due to a strengthening ridge, Kevin performed a counterclockwise loop, only to turn northeast on August 11.[4] Around this time, the JTWC and JMA estimated that Clara attained peak winds of 80 and 70 km/h (50 and 45 mph).[4][3] Shortly afterwards, shower activity quickly became displaced from the deep convection, prompting a weakening trend. The JTWC issued its final warning on August 12,[4] though the JMA did not following suit until four days later.[3]

JMA Tropical Storm Eleven edit

Tropical storm (JMA)
   
DurationAugust 13 – August 18
Peak intensity65 km/h (40 mph) (10-min);
1000 hPa (mbar)

This was not tracked by the JTWC.

Typhoon Doyle edit

Very strong typhoon (JMA)
Category 4 typhoon (SSHWS)
   
DurationAugust 13 – August 24
Peak intensity165 km/h (105 mph) (10-min);
930 hPa (mbar)

On August 12, a westward-moving area of disturbed weather developed within the monsoon trough.[4] Deep convection developed near the low-level center on the next day, and the JMA classified the disturbance as a tropical depression.[3] Overnight August 13 into August 14, the depression began to organize, and after performing a counterclockwise loop, it began moving to the west-northwest.[4] At 18:00 UTC the same day, the JMA upgraded the depression into a tropical storm,[3] though the JTWC did not follow suit until 18 hours later. Doyle then entered a period of rapid deepening,[4] with the JMA upgrading Doyle into a typhoon on the morning of August 16.[3] At 18:00 UTC, the JTWC estimated that Doyle attained peak winds of 210 km/h (130 mph),[4] although according to the JMA, Doyle did not reach its peak intensity of 170 km/h (105 mph).[3] The typhoon then curved north as it rounded a subtropical ridge, although unlike most recurving tropical cyclones, a TUTT cell prevented. This change in forward motion led to a gradual weakening trend over cold water.[4] On August 20, the JMA estimated that Doyle lost typhoon intensity, and two days later, downgraded it into a tropical depression.[3] At this time, the system became devoid of deep convection prompted the JTWC to issue its final warning.[4] The JMA estimated that Doyle became extratropical on August 25. The agency stopped following the extratropical remnants the next day.[3]

Although the typhoon passed close to Wake Island near peak intensity, wind gusts only reached 45 mph (70 km/h) and according to the JTWC, damage was insignificant.[4]

JMA Tropical Storm Thirteen edit

Tropical storm (JMA)
   
DurationAugust 13 – August 16
Peak intensity65 km/h (40 mph) (10-min);
1000 hPa (mbar)

This was not tracked by the JTWC.

Tropical Storm Elsie edit

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
   
DurationAugust 26 – September 1
Peak intensity85 km/h (50 mph) (10-min);
992 hPa (mbar)

On August 24, a persistent area of convection embedded in the monsoon trough was first detected. Despite favorable conditions aloft, the disturbance initially remained poorly organized.[4] The JMA declared the system a tropical depression at 00:00 UTC on August 24,[3] although the depression only started to organize on August 28. Dvorak classifications prompted the JTWC to upgrade the system into a tropical storm at midday,[4] with the JMA following suit early on August 29.[3] After tracking southeast, Elsie turned northeast. Interaction from newly formed Tropical Storm Fabian initially halted further intensification and the JTWC estimated that the storm was briefly no longer a classifiable tropical cyclone on August 30.[4] At 00:00 UTC on August 31, the JMA estimated that Elsie reached its highest velocity of 80 km/h (50 mph).[3] The storm then accelerated to the northeast while becoming extratropical and at 18:00 the same day, the JTWC classified Elsie as extratropical,[4] with the JMA doing the same on September 1.[3]

Severe Tropical Storm Fabian edit

Severe tropical storm (JMA)
Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
   
DurationAugust 26 – September 3
Peak intensity110 km/h (70 mph) (10-min);
970 hPa (mbar)

Also on August 24, another area of disturbed weather was spotted within the monsoon trough, which was displaced from its normal position. Thunderstorm activity gradually improved in organization,[4] and at 06:00 UTC on August 26, the JMA designated the system a tropical depression. The depression was upgraded into a tropical storm three days later by the JMA.[3] Interaction with Elsie – the storms at one point were within 460 mi (740 km) of each other – caused the cyclone to track eastward. Dvorak estimates of T3.0/80 km/h (50 mph) prompted the JTWC to upgrade it to a tropical storm on August 30,[4] with the JMA upgrading it to a severe tropical storm that evening.[3] Interaction with Elsie failed to stop Fabian from intensifying, and at 06:00 UTC on September 1, the JTWC upgraded Fabian into a typhoon, only for the storm to veer north shortly thereafter.[4] On September 2, the JMA and the JTWC estimated that Fabian attained peak intensities of 115 and 135 km/h (70 and 85 mph) respectively.[4][3] Accelerating, Fabian began to encounter stronger westerly wind shear, which led to weakening. The JTWC declared Fabian an extratropical cyclone at 06:00 UTC on September 32,[4] with the JMA doing the same on the next day.[3]

Tropical Storm Gay edit

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
   
DurationSeptember 2 – September 7
Peak intensity75 km/h (45 mph) (10-min);
996 hPa (mbar)

An area of disturbed weather formed in the monsoon trough around 780 km (485 mi) east of Okinawa.[4] The JMA upgraded the area into a tropical depression at 00:00 UTC on September 2.[3] Surface observations of 25 to 35 mph (40 to 56 km/h) along with Dvorak estimate of T2.5/65 km/h (40 mph) prompted a TCFA at 10:40 UTC, with the JTWC designating the system as Tropical Storm Gay the same evening.[4] At 0:00 UTC on September 3 the JMA followed suit and upgraded Gay into a tropical storm.[3] Moving northeastward, Gay quickly intensified,[4] and on September 3, the JTWC and JMA estimated peak intensity of 80 and 70 km/h (50 and 45 mph) respectively.[4][3] Gay quickly weakened, however, due to strong wind shear. On September 4, the JTWC reported that Gay dissipated,[4] although the JMA continued to track it as a weak tropical depression until September 7.[3]

Typhoon Uleki edit

Main article: Hurricane Uleki
Typhoon (JMA)
Category 2 typhoon (SSHWS)
   
DurationSeptember 8 (entered basin) – September 16
Peak intensity130 km/h (80 mph) (10-min);
945 hPa (mbar)

Uleki had developed on August 28 well to the southeast of Hawai'i and become a hurricane in the north-central Pacific before crossing the International Date Line. At 00:00 UTC on September 8, the CPHC transferred warning responsibility of Uleki to the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) and the storm was subsequently referred to as a typhoon. Three hours later Uleki made its closest approach to Midway Atoll, passing 200 mi (320 km) to the south. Shortly thereafter the system crossed the International Date Line and the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) also began advising on the system.[6][7] The JMA estimated Uleki to have had a pressure of 945 mbar (945 hPa; 27.9 inHg) at this time; however, this value was derived from satellite estimates rather than direct measurements.[7] Uleki maintained this strength through September 10 as it continued on its west-northwest course. On that day, the typhoon again entered a region of weak steering currents between two anticyclones within the subtropical ridge. A trough approaching from the west was forecast to prompt Uleki to turn east; however, the typhoon maintained a general northwest motion in a stair-stepped fashion. Increasing wind shear and cooler air soon imparted weakening,[8] and Uleki degraded to a tropical storm by September 12.[7]

Continued effects from shear stripped the cyclone of all deep convection and by September 14 only a band of cirrus clouds remained in association with Uleki. The JTWC issued their final warning on the system at 00:00 UTC that day accordingly.[8] The JMA maintained the system as a tropical depression as the former typhoon began turning to the east. Uleki later transitioned into an extratropical cyclone on September 16 as it accelerated to the east. The system dissipated the following day near the International Date Line, far from any major landmasses.[7]

Typhoon Hal edit

Very strong typhoon (JMA)
Category 3 typhoon (SSHWS)
   
DurationSeptember 8 – September 17
Peak intensity155 km/h (100 mph) (10-min);
945 hPa (mbar)

An area of disturbed weather developed to the west of Wake Island. Over the next two days, Hal slowly organized as it tracked westward,[4] with both the JTWC and JMA declaring the disturbance a tropical depression on September 8[4][3] well to the southeast of Japan. Moving to the northwest,[9] Hal intensified into a tropical storm on September 9, according to both the JTWC and JMA,[4][3] and then turned to the southeast on September 10.[9] The JTWC declared Hal a typhoon that day,[4] with the JMA following suit the following day.[3] Midday on September 11, Hal attained peak intensity. There was significant difference between the two agencies, however, as the JTWC reported winds of 195 km/h (120 mph)[4] and the JMA estimated winds of 130 km/h (80 mph).[3] Early on September 12, Hal sharply recurved, first turning to the north-northwest and eventually northeast on September 15. Accelerating northeastward, Hal became an extratropical cyclone on September 17,[9] and the JMA stopped tracking it the next day. As an extratropical cyclone, Hal restrengthened before moving through the eastern Bering Sea on September 19 and into Alaska on September 20. The weakening low moved on an anticyclonic path through southern Alaska before emerging into the Gulf of Alaska on September 23. The cyclone drifted erratically southward, dissipating in the Gulf of Alaska on September 25.[9]

During its formative stages, Hal brought winds of up to 70 km/h (45 mph) to Guam, which caused minor property damage and scattered power outages.[4]

Severe Tropical Storm Irma edit

Severe tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
   
DurationSeptember 11 – September 17
Peak intensity100 km/h (65 mph) (10-min);
990 hPa (mbar)

Part of a mid-September tropical cyclone outbreak, Tropical Storm Irma originated from an area of disturbed weather developed on September 11. The same day, an increase in convection prompted the JTWC to issue a TCFA[4] while the JMA upgraded it to a tropical depression.[3] Based on objective intensity estimates of 70 km/h (45 mph), the system was classified as a tropical storm by the JTWC and JMA at 00:00 UTC on September 12.[4][3] Aided by outflow from Typhoon Hal, Irma steadily deepened.[4] Midday on September 13, the JTWC and JMA estimated winds of 105 and 80 km/h (65 and 50 mph).[4][3] Although data from the JTWC suggested that this was Irma's highest intensity,[4] the JMA increased the intensity of Irma to 105 km/h (65 mph) on September 15.[3] Following Hal northward along a subtropical ridge, Irma slowly weakened, and later on September 15, the JTWC issued its last warning.[4] A little over 24 hours later, the JMA ceased keeping an eye on Irma.[3]

Tropical Storm Jeff (Lusing) edit

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
   
DurationSeptember 11 – September 17
Peak intensity85 km/h (50 mph) (10-min);
994 hPa (mbar)

A TUTT developed south of a subtropical ridge, which triggered inflow that later resulted in the development in an area of disturbed weather at 00:00 UTC on September 11.[4] Six hours later, the JMA classified the disturbance as a tropical depression, and on September 13, the agency upgraded the depression into a tropical storm.[3] Dvorak estimates of T2.5/40 mph (65 km/h) prompted the JTWC to follow suit the following morning. However, further organization was slow to occur due to strong wind shear caused by Jeff's proximity to Typhoon Hal; all deep convection was restricted to the southern semicircle.[4] On September 14, both the JTWC and JMA agree that Jeff reached its peak intensity of 80 km/h (50 mph).[4][3] Late on September 15, the JTWC dropped warnings on Jeff. Just over 24 hours later, the JMA stopped tracking it as well.[4]

Severe Tropical Storm Kit (Maring) edit

Severe tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
   
DurationSeptember 19 – September 22
Peak intensity100 km/h (65 mph) (10-min);
980 hPa (mbar)

An eastward extension of the monsoon trough resulted in an area of disturbed weather around 560 km (350 mi) east of Manila on September 18. A combination of increased convection, enhanced outflow aloft, and a Dvorak estimate of T2.0/55 km/h (35 mph) resulted in the JTWc upgraded the disturbance into a tropical depression;[4] the JMA followed suit around this time.[3] Even though the depression tracked westward over Luzon, the depression gradually intensified, and at 18:00 UTC on September 19, the JTWC upgraded Kit into a tropical storm.[4] Eighteen hours later, the JMA did the same, making Kit the sixth out of eight tropical storm that month.[3] Tracking over the open waters of the South China Sea, an expansion of the storm's southwesterly outflow channel promoted further intensification.[4] On the morning of September 21, both the JTWC and JMA reported that Kit attained peak intensity of 115 and 105 km/h (70 and 65 mph) respectively.[4][3] On September 22, the storm made landfall along the 250 km (155 mi) northeast of Hong Kong; at the time of landfall, the JMA estimated winds of 80 km/h (50 mph).[4] Several hours later, the JMA ceased following the cyclone.[3]

According to press reports, torrential rain occurred near Shantou, where Kit moved ashore. Eight people were killed and over one hundred were injured. About 182,860 acres (74,000 ha) of farmland were inundated. More than 24,000 houses were damaged and 759 houses collapsed. Forty boats, one bridge, and several river embankments were also damaged. The total damage in the area was estimated at a little over US$35.1 million.[nb 2] In Fujian Province, heavy rain due to the remnants of Kit and Mamie resulted in nine lives lost, with an addition 51,000 losing their homes. About 26,000 ha (64,245 acres) of farmland were inundated and over 1,200 houses were destroyed.[10]

Severe Tropical Storm Lee (Ningning) edit

Severe tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
   
DurationSeptember 19 – September 25
Peak intensity95 km/h (60 mph) (10-min);
990 hPa (mbar)

On September 16, an area of disturbed weather spawned by a TUTT cell developed near the dateline. The disturbance traced westward over the next four days without organized appreciably, although the JMA did classify it as a tropical depression. Improved organization prompted the JTWC to issue a TCFA on September 20,[4] and satellite intensity estimated led to the JTWC and JMA classifying the system as Tropical Storm Lee.[4][3] The tropical storm headed west-northwest south of the subtropical ridge, and later that day, the JTWC and JMA reported that Lee attained its peak intensity of 105 and 80 km/h (65 and 50 mph).[4][3] On September 23, satellite images showed a partially exposed low-level center, which resulted in weakening. Although initially forecast by the JTWC to follow Kit into southern China. Instead, Lee recurved to the east of Okinawa. Lee transitioned to an extratropical cyclone on September 24 as it continued tracking northeastward.[4]

Tropical Storm Mamie edit

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
   
DurationSeptember 19 – September 24
Peak intensity85 km/h (50 mph) (10-min);
990 hPa (mbar)

The second tropical cyclone of 1988 to develop in the South China Sea, Tropical Storm Mamie formed from the same extension of the monsoon trough that spawned Tropical Storm Kit. An area of disturbed weather developed on September 19.[4] On the same day, the system was upgraded into a tropical depression by the JMA[3] and due to a binary interaction with Kit, tracked southwestward. After veering east, the disturbance turned northeastward due to a trough.[4] Late on September 21, the JMA upgraded the depression into a tropical storm, with the JMA also estimated that Kit attained its peak intensity of 80 km/h (50 mph) at the same time.[3] Based on a pressure report of 991 mbar (29.3 inHg) from a vessel, the JTWC reported that Tropical Storm Mamie developed on the morning of September 22. Increased wind shear took its toll, however, and September 23, the JTWC discontinued warnings on Mamie.[4] However, the JMA did not downgrade Mamie into a tropical depression until 18:00 UTC that day, and did not stop tracking it altogether until September 25.[3] The remnants of the storm later dissipated near Hong Kong.[4] The remnants of the storm, combined with Tropical Storm Kit, later brought flooding to southern China. A total of nine people were killed by the floods.[10]

Typhoon Nelson (Paring) edit

Very strong typhoon (JMA)
Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS)
   
DurationSeptember 30 – October 8
Peak intensity185 km/h (115 mph) (10-min);
915 hPa (mbar)

Following a series of tropical cyclone outbreaks, there was a lull in tropical cyclone activity due to the presence of cold, dry air, which caused the monsoon trough to recede south to its climatological position. Within the trough, an area of disturbed weather formed around 380 km (235 mi). The disturbance slowly organized,[4] and on September 30, the JMA upgraded the disturbance into a tropical depression.[3] A dramatic increased in convection resulted in the issuance of a TCFA at 09:00 UTC on October 1.[4] Later that day, both the JTWC and JMA upgraded the system into Tropical Storm Nelson.[4][3] The newly named storm tracked westward towards the Philippine Islands, and then west-northwestward as it tracked along the periphery of the subtropical ridge. On October 2, the JTWC classified Nelson as a typhoon, and nine hours later, the typhoon began to clear out an eye.[4] On October 3, the JMA upgraded Nelson to a typhoon.[3] The storm subsequently entered a period of rapid deepening, and on October 4, the JTWC declared Nelson a super typhoon. Shortly thereafter, the JTWC estimated peak intensity of 255 km/h (160 mph)[4] while the JMA reported a peak intensity of 185 km/h (115 mph).[3] Not long after its peak, Nelson rounded the western edge of a subtropical ridge and slowly weakened as it accelerated northeast, passing about approximately 155 km (95 mi) southeast of Okinawa, where 212 mm (8.35 in) of rain fell. The typhoon quickly lost deep convection, and on October 8, the JTWC issued its last warning on the system.[4] The next day, the JMA declared Nelson extratropical, although its remnants were still identifiable for a couple more days.[3]

JMA Tropical Storm Twenty-five edit

Tropical storm (JMA)
   
DurationOctober 7 – October 10
Peak intensity85 km/h (50 mph) (10-min);
992 hPa (mbar)

Made landfall in Vietnam and was not monitored by the JTWC,

Typhoon Odessa (Seniang) edit

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 2 typhoon (SSHWS)
   
DurationOctober 8 – October 16
Peak intensity130 km/h (80 mph) (10-min);
965 hPa (mbar)

As the previous storm was weakening at high latitudes, a new area of convection formed around 850 km (530 mi) south-southeast of Minami-Tori-shima. Tracking west-northwest,[4] the JMA upgraded the system into a tropical depression on October 9.[3] The next day, the JTWC issued a TCFA.[4] On October 11, the JMA upgraded the depression into a tropical storm,[3] and twelve hours later, satellite intensity estimates prompted the JTWC to follow suit. Cool air aloft aided in intensification as Odessa tracked northwest, and midday on October 12, Odessa was upgraded into a typhoon by the JTWC.[4] Despite forecasts of weakening, the JMA did the same and classified Odessa as a typhoon.[3] A midget typhoon, Odessa continued to intensify,[4] with the JTWC and JMA reporting a peak velocity of 170 and 130 km/h (105 and 80 mph) respectively.[4][3] Loss of organization followed a transition into an extratropical cyclone, and after the low-level circulation diverged from the deep convection, the JTWC issued the final warning on October 16.[4] The JMA ceased watching the typhoon on October 19.[3]

Severe Tropical Storm Pat (Toyang) edit

Severe tropical storm (JMA)
Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
   
DurationOctober 16 – October 22
Peak intensity110 km/h (70 mph) (10-min);
980 hPa (mbar)

Unlike most systems in 1988, Pat formed from an area of disturbed weather near 10th parallel north that was first noticed by the JTWC on October 16. At 03:00 UTC on October 18, a TCFA was issued. Initially, the system remained poorly organized, with almost all the convection located along the eastern semicircle.[4] Thunderstorm activity associated with the system became more organized, and 15 hours later, the JMA declared it a tropical depression[3] while the JTWC classified the disturbance as Tropical Storm Pat.[4] The storm tracked westward due to a ridge to its north while gradually intensifying,[4] and on October 19, Pat was upgraded into a tropical storm by the JMA.[3] Following an improvement in Pat's substructure, the JTWC upgraded Pat to a typhoon on October 20. Shortly before making landfall on the island of Luzon, the JTWC estimated that the typhoon attained its peak intensity of 135 km/h (85 mph). According to the JTWC, Pat crossed central Luzon while remaining a typhoon. After Pat entered the South China Sea,[4] the JMA estimated that it attained its maximum intensity of 115 km/h (70 mph) on October 22.[3] Shortly thereafter, Pat began to weaken as it interacted with Hainan.[10] The JTWC estimated that Pat weakened into a tropical storm over the Gulf of Tonkin, and later that day, dissipated slightly onshore Vietnam.[4]

Across Hainan, transport and telephone services were disrupted. About 33,000 ha (81,545 acres) of paddy fields were flooded and 16,000 ha (39,535 acres) of sugar cane were damaged or destroyed. Overall, damage was estimated at US$16 million. In Hong Kong, the storm dropped heavy rainfall for four days. There, a man was killed when one of the containers crushed onto a truck. In another incident, a woman was killed after being hit by a falling flower pot. Elsewhere, a man was injured by a falling tree. Scaffoldings at a construction site collapsed, damaging two automobiles. Press reports also indicated that Pat and rainstorms associated with a low-pressure area in mid-October left at least 90 people killed and left 500.000 homeless in Vietnam.[10]

Typhoon Ruby (Unsang) edit

Main article: Typhoon Ruby (1988)
Typhoon (JMA)
Category 4 typhoon (SSHWS)
   
DurationOctober 20 – October 28
Peak intensity140 km/h (85 mph) (10-min);
950 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Ruby, which developed east of the Philippines on October 20, rapidly intensified to a 145 mph typhoon while approaching central Luzon. It hit on the 24th, and rapidly weakened to a minimal typhoon over the island. Ruby, with its disrupted circulation, remained weak over the South China Sea, and land interaction with Vietnam caused it to dissipate on the 28th. Ruby caused over 300 fatalities, with widespread flooding and damage over its track. Ruby brought heavy rains and a 12-foot storm surge to Guam and the Marianas Islands. On Luzon, the storm's 140 mph (230 km/h) winds caused tremendous damage to the town of Siniloan. In the Polillo Islands, east of Manila, Ruby spawned rare tornadoes that leveled homes. In the northern part of the Philippines, many fishing boats were wrecked by 30–40 foot waves, and 32 more people drowned.[11] Damage in the Philippines totaled 5.64 billion Philippine Pesos (1989 pesos).[12]

The passenger ferry the MV Doña Marilyn was in the Visayan Sea when the storm struck the vessel. The storm caused the ferry to list to the starboard until one of the decks was below the water, causing the ship to fill up rapidly. The passengers and crew tried to save the ship, but to no avail. The Doña Marilyn sank stern first taking 389 people with it. Only 147 people survived by clinging to life rafts.

Typhoon Skip (Yoning) edit

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 4 typhoon (SSHWS)
   
DurationNovember 3 – November 12
Peak intensity150 km/h (90 mph) (10-min);
950 hPa (mbar)
Main article: Typhoon Skip

Just 2 weeks after Ruby hit Luzon, Skip, which formed on November 3, hit the central Philippines as a 145 mph typhoon. Ruby reached the South China Sea on the 7th, and steadily weakened until dissipation on the 12th. Skip was responsible for killing 104 people (with 95 missing) and extensive damage to the coconut, rice, and sugar crops.[13]

Severe Tropical Storm Tess (Welpring) edit

Main article: Tropical Storm Tess (1988)
Severe tropical storm (JMA)
Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
   
DurationNovember 1 – November 6
Peak intensity110 km/h (70 mph) (10-min);
975 hPa (mbar)

After passing through the Philippines, a tropical disturbance organized in the South China Sea into a tropical depression late on the morning of November 4. Turning westward and strengthening, the cyclone became a tropical storm later that day, and then a typhoon by late November 5. It moved into Vietnam on November 6 and quickly weakened, becoming the only tropical cyclone that season to make landfall in the country. Its remains later moved across the Mekong River delta.[14]

Tropical Storm Val (Apiang) edit

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
   
DurationDecember 21 – December 25
Peak intensity85 km/h (50 mph) (10-min);
992 hPa (mbar)

The final tropical cyclone to develop in 1988 and the only in December, the origins of Tropical Storm Val. Tropical Storm Val was first spawned by an outbreak of Arctic air pushed southeastward across Asia on December 18. Within five days, this cold air mass extended from the southern Philippine Islands to the northern Marianas. The cold air quickly diminished, which spawned convection and multiple surface circulations across the monsoon trough. Thunderstorm activity consolidated on December 21, and an increase in organization prompted the issuance of a TCFA the next day.[4] Later on December 22, both the JTWC and JMA upgraded the disturbance into a tropical depression.[4][3] On December 24, the JMA upgraded the depression into Tropical Storm Val.[3] Around the time, JTWC and JMA reported that Lee attained its peak intensity of 105 and 80 km/h (65 and 50 mph).[4][3] Also on December 24, Val, which was moving westward at around 40 km/h (25 mph), grounded to a halt. The storm's center became less defined, which resulted in a weakening trend. After tracing northward, Val was downgraded to a tropical depression on December 27. The JTWC ceased tracking Val on December 26,[4] with the JMA doing the same the next day.[3]

Storm names edit

See also: Lists of tropical cyclone names and Tropical cyclone naming

During the season 26 named tropical cyclones developed in the Western Pacific and were named by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center, when it was determined that they had become tropical storms. These names were contributed to a revised list which started in 1979.

Roy Susan Thad Vanessa Warren Agnes Bill Clara Doyle Elsie Fabian Gay Hal
Irma Jeff Kit Lee Mamie Nelson Odessa Pat Ruby Skip Tess Val

Philippines edit

Asiang Biring Konsing Ditang Edeng
Gloring Huaning Isang Lusing Maring
Ningning Osang Paring Reming Seniang
Toyang Unsang Welpring Yoning
Auxiliary list
Apiang
Basiang (unused) Kayang (unused) Dorang (unused) Enang (unused) Grasing (unused)

The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration uses its own naming scheme for tropical cyclones in their area of responsibility. PAGASA assigns names to tropical depressions that form within their area of responsibility and any tropical cyclone that might move into their area of responsibility. Should the list of names for a given year prove to be insufficient, names are taken from an auxiliary list, the first 6 of which are published each year before the season starts. Names not retired from this list will be used again in the 1992 season. This is the same list used for the 1984 season. PAGASA uses its own naming scheme that starts in the Filipino alphabet, with names of Filipino female names ending with "ng" (A, B, K, D, etc.). Names that were not assigned/going to use are marked in gray.

Retirement edit

Because Typhoons Unsang and Yoning made extensive damage within the Philippines, the PAGASA later retired the names Unsang and Yoning and was replaced by Ulpiang and Yerling for the 1992 season.

Season effects edit

This is a table of all of the storms that have formed in the 1987 Pacific typhoon season. It includes their duration, names, affected areas, damages, and death totals. Deaths in parentheses are additional and indirect (an example of an indirect death would be a traffic accident), but were still related to that storm. Damage and deaths include totals while the storm was extratropical, a wave, or a low, and all of the damage figures are in 1986 USD. Names listed in parentheses were assigned by PAGASA.

Name Dates Peak intensity Areas affected Damage
(USD) 		Deaths Refs
Category Wind speed Pressure
Roy (Asiang) January 7–19 Typhoon 155 km/h (96 mph) 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) Marshall Islands, Mariana Islands, Caroline Islands, Philippines $28.5 million 2
Susan (Biring) May 28 – June 3 Typhoon 120 km/h (75 mph) 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) Philippines, Taiwan, Ryukyu Islands None 6
03W (Konsing) June 3–6 Tropical storm 65 km/h (40 mph) 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) Philippines, Taiwan None None
Thad (Ditang) June 17–25 Typhoon 130 km/h (81 mph) 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) Philippines None None
TD June 22–26 Tropical depression Not specified 1,004 hPa (29.65 inHg) None None None
Vanessa (Edeng) June 26–29 Severe tropical storm 100 km/h (62 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Philippines, South China None None
Gloring July 6–9 Tropical depression 45 km/h (28 mph) 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) Taiwan None None
Warren (Huaning) July 12–20 Typhoon 165 km/h (103 mph) 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) Mariana Islands, Caroline Islands, Philippines, Taiwan, China $10 million 17
TD July 25–28 Tropical depression Not specified 998 hPa (29.47 inHg) None None None
Agnes July 27 – August 1 Severe tropical storm 95 km/h (59 mph) 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) None None None
TD July 29–30 Tropical depression Not specified 1,002 hPa (29.59 inHg) None None None
Eight August 1–3 Tropical storm 65 km/h (40 mph) 998 hPa (29.47 inHg) Japan None None
Isang August 1–3 Tropical depression Not specified 1,002 hPa (29.59 inHg) South China None None
TD August 4–6 Tropical depression Not specified 1,004 hPa (29.65 inHg) Ryukyu Islands None None
Bill (Isang) August 4–9 Tropical storm 85 km/h (53 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) Ryukyu Islands, East China None 110
Clara August 5–16 Tropical storm 75 km/h (47 mph) 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) None None None
TD August 6–16 Tropical depression Not specified 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) Japan None None
TD August 9 Tropical depression Not specified 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) None None None
TD August 10–13 Tropical depression Not specified 1,002 hPa (29.59 inHg) South China None None
TD August 12–13 Tropical depression Not specified 1,002 hPa (29.59 inHg) Japan None None
TD August 12–14 Tropical depression Not specified 1,002 hPa (29.59 inHg) Japan None None
Eleven August 13–18 Tropical storm 65 km/h (40 mph) 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) Japan, Soviet Union None None
Doyle August 13–24 Typhoon 165 km/h (103 mph) 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) None None None
TD August 13 Tropical depression Not specified 1,004 hPa (29.65 inHg) Japan None None
Thirteen August 13–16 Tropical storm 65 km/h (40 mph) 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) Japan None None
TD August 15–16 Tropical depression Not specified 1,010 hPa (29.83 inHg) None None None
TD August 18 Tropical depression Not specified 1,006 hPa (29.71 inHg) None None None
Fabian August 24 – September 3 Severe tropical storm 110 km/h (68 mph) 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) Japan None None
Elsie August 26 – September 1 Tropical storm 85 km/h (53 mph) 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) None None None
Gay September 2–4 Tropical storm 75 km/h (47 mph) 996 hPa (29.41 inHg) None None None
TD September 3–6 Tropical depression Not specified 1,010 hPa (29.83 inHg) None None None
Uleki September 8–16 Typhoon 130 km/h (81 mph) 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) Wake Island None None
Hal September 8–17 Typhoon 155 km/h (96 mph) 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) Japan None None
TD September 9–10 Tropical depression Not specified 1,008 hPa (29.77 inHg) Japan None None
Irma September 11–17 Severe tropical storm 100 km/h (62 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) None None None
Jeff (Lusing) September 11–17 Tropical storm 85 km/h (53 mph) 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) None None None
Kit (Maring) September 19–22 Severe tropical storm 100 km/h (62 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) Philippines, South China None 3
Lee (Ningning) September 19–25 Severe tropical storm 95 km/h (59 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Mariana Islands, Ryukyu Islands None None
Mamie September 19–24 Tropical storm 85 km/h (53 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) South China, Vietnam None None
TD September 23–24 Tropical depression Not specified 1,002 hPa (29.59 inHg) None None None
TD September 28 – October 3 Tropical depression 45 km/h (28 mph) 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) Philippines, Vietnam, South China None None
Nelson (Paring) September 30 – October 9 Typhoon 185 km/h (115 mph) 915 hPa (27.02 inHg) Philippines, Japan None None
Osang October 1–2 Tropical depression Not specified 1,004 hPa (29.65 inHg) Philippines None None
TD October 6–7 Tropical depression Not specified 1,002 hPa (29.59 inHg) None None None
Twenty-five October 7–10 Tropical storm 85 km/h (53 mph) 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) Vietnam None None
Reming October 8 Tropical storm 65 km/h (40 mph) 1,006 hPa (29.71 inHg) Philippines None None
Odessa (Seniang) October 8–19 Typhoon 130 km/h (81 mph) 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) Mariana Islands None None
TD October 15–17 Tropical depression Not specified 1,004 hPa (29.65 inHg) Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand None None
Pat (Toyang) October 17–23 Severe tropical storm 110 km/h (68 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) Philippines, China, Vietnam None None
Ruby (Unsang) October 20–29 Typhoon 140 km/h (87 mph) 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) Philippines, South China $311 million 288
Tess (Welpring) November 1–7 Severe tropical storm 110 km/h (68 mph) 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) Philippines, Vietnam $22.4 million 123
Skip (Yoning) November 3–12 Typhoon 140 km/h (87 mph) 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) Philippines, Vietnam $132 million 237
TD December 11–12 Tropical depression Not specified 1,004 hPa (29.65 inHg) None None None
Val (Apiang) December 22–27 Tropical storm 85 km/h (53 mph) 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) Philippines None None
Season aggregates
52 systems January 7 – December 27, 1988 185 km/h (115 mph) 915 hPa (27.02 inHg) >$504 million >786

See also edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ All damage totals are in 1988 values of their respective currencies.
  2. ^ Some currencies are converted to Chinese Yuan to United States Dollars using this with an exchange rate of the year 1988.

References edit

  1. ^ Gary Padgett. May 2003 Tropical Cyclone Summary. 2010-11-30 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 2006-08-26.
  2. ^ a b Joint Typhoon Warning Center. [1] Retrieved on 2007-12-26.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx Japan Meteorological Agency (October 10, 1992). (Report). Archived from the original (.TXT) on December 5, 2014. Retrieved July 19, 2017.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr Joint Typhoon Warning Center; Naval Pacific Meteorology and Oceanography Center (1989). (PDF) (Report). United States Navy, United States Air Force. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 21, 2013. Retrieved July 19, 2017.
  5. ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Tropical Storm Bill. Retrieved on 2007-01-19.
  6. ^ "The 1988 Central Pacific Tropical Cyclone Season". Central Pacific Hurricane Center. Honolulu, Hawaii: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 2014. August 28-September 7, 1988 (Hurricane Uleki). Retrieved August 20, 2014.
  7. ^ a b c d "Typhoon 198817 (ULEKI) – Detailed Track Information". Japan Meteorological Agency. National Institute of Informatics. 1989. Retrieved August 20, 2014.
  8. ^ a b Cpt. John M. Rogers and Lt. Douglas H. Scovil Jr. (1989). "Typhoon Uleki (01C)" (PDF). Annual Tropical Cyclone Report. Joint Typhoon Warning Center (Report). United States Navy. pp. 88–91. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 9, 2013. Retrieved August 20, 2014.
  9. ^ a b c d Richard M. DeAngelis, ed. (Winter 1989). Mariners Weather Log. 33 (1). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: 48–49, 56.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: untitled periodical (link)
  10. ^ a b c d (PDF) (Report). Hong Kong Royal Observatory. 1989. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 23, 2019. Retrieved August 15, 2017.
  11. ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Typhoon Ruby. June 7, 2011, at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 2007-01-19.
  12. ^ Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. Most Destructive Tropical Cyclones for Month of October (1948-2000). May 11, 2004, at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 2007-02-04.
  13. ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Typhoon Skip. 2011-06-07 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 2007-01-19.
  14. ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Typhoon Tess. Retrieved on 2007-01-19.

External links edit

  • Satellite movie of 1988 Pacific typhoon season
  • Japan Meteorological Agency
  • Joint Typhoon Warning Center 2010-03-01 at the Wayback Machine.
  • National Weather Service Guam
  • Hong Kong Observatory
  • Macau Meteorological Geophysical Services
  • Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration

April 12, 2024
1988, pacific, typhoon, season, very, active, season, terms, named, storms, though, only, featured, typhoons, super, typhoon, official, bounds, year, round, 1988, most, tropical, cyclones, formed, between, november, tropical, storms, that, formed, entire, west. The 1988 Pacific typhoon season was a very active season in terms of named storms though it only featured 11 typhoons and 1 super typhoon It had no official bounds it ran year round in 1988 but most tropical cyclones formed between May and November 1 Tropical storms that formed in the entire west Pacific basin were assigned a name by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center Tropical depressions that enter or form in the Philippine area of responsibility are assigned a name by the Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration or PAGASA This can often result in the same storm having two names 1988 Pacific typhoon seasonSeason summary mapSeasonal boundariesFirst system formedJanuary 7 1988Last system dissipatedDecember 27 1988Strongest stormNameNelson Maximum winds185 km h 115 mph 10 minute sustained Lowest pressure915 hPa mbar Seasonal statisticsTotal depressions52 official 1 unofficialTotal storms31 official 1 unofficialTyphoons11Super typhoons1 unofficial Total fatalities gt 786Total damage 503 9 million 1988 USD Related articles1988 Atlantic hurricane season 1988 Pacific hurricane season 1988 North Indian Ocean cyclone seasonPacific typhoon seasons1986 1987 1988 1989 1990A total of 26 tropical cyclones formed this year in the Western Pacific of which all became tropical storms Of the 26 10 storms reached typhoon intensity of which 1 reached supertyphoon strength Nine tropical cyclones moved through the Philippines this season making this season the most active for the archipelago so far this decade Contents 1 Seasonal summary 2 Systems 2 1 Typhoon Roy Asiang 2 2 Typhoon Susan Biring 2 3 Tropical Storm 03W Konsing 2 4 Typhoon Thad Ditang 2 5 Severe Tropical Storm Vanessa Edeng 2 6 Typhoon Warren Huaning 2 7 Severe Tropical Storm Agnes 2 8 JMA Tropical Storm Eight 2 9 Tropical Storm Bill 2 10 Tropical Storm Clara 2 11 JMA Tropical Storm Eleven 2 12 Typhoon Doyle 2 13 JMA Tropical Storm Thirteen 2 14 Tropical Storm Elsie 2 15 Severe Tropical Storm Fabian 2 16 Tropical Storm Gay 2 17 Typhoon Uleki 2 18 Typhoon Hal 2 19 Severe Tropical Storm Irma 2 20 Tropical Storm Jeff Lusing 2 21 Severe Tropical Storm Kit Maring 2 22 Severe Tropical Storm Lee Ningning 2 23 Tropical Storm Mamie 2 24 Typhoon Nelson Paring 2 25 JMA Tropical Storm Twenty five 2 26 Typhoon Odessa Seniang 2 27 Severe Tropical Storm Pat Toyang 2 28 Typhoon Ruby Unsang 2 29 Typhoon Skip Yoning 2 30 Severe Tropical Storm Tess Welpring 2 31 Tropical Storm Val Apiang 3 Storm names 3 1 Philippines 3 2 Retirement 4 Season effects 5 See also 6 Notes 7 References 8 External linksSeasonal summary editA total of 26 tropical cyclones formed this year in the Western Pacific of which all became tropical storms Of the 26 10 storms reached typhoon intensity of which 1 reached supertyphoon strength Nine tropical cyclones moved through the Philippines this season Systems editTyphoon Roy Asiang edit Very strong typhoon JMA Category 4 typhoon SSHWS nbsp nbsp DurationJanuary 7 January 19Peak intensity155 km h 100 mph 10 min 940 hPa mbar Main article Typhoon Roy Typhoon Roy which crossed the open Western Pacific as a Category 4 typhoon in January caused moderate to extensive damage across the Federated States of Micronesia and the Philippines causing 23 5 million 1988 USD but only one death nb 1 Typhoon Susan Biring edit Typhoon JMA Category 1 typhoon SSHWS nbsp nbsp DurationMay 28 June 3Peak intensity120 km h 75 mph 10 min 970 hPa mbar Typhoon Susan formed at the end of May just to the north of Luzon Island in the Philippines As a depression Susan dropped heavy rains in and around the Manila area the resulting landslides killed 6 people As Susan moved away from the Philippines the storm strengthened into a typhoon shortly before cross in the southern tip of Taiwan and turning extratropical just after passing Okinawa 2 Tropical Storm 03W Konsing edit Tropical storm JMA Tropical depression SSHWS nbsp nbsp DurationJune 3 June 6Peak intensity65 km h 40 mph 10 min 1000 hPa mbar 3W was a short lived tropical storm Typhoon Thad Ditang edit Typhoon JMA Category 1 typhoon SSHWS nbsp nbsp DurationJune 17 June 25Peak intensity130 km h 80 mph 10 min 970 hPa mbar A tropical depression was designated by the JMA early on June 18 At the time the depression was located south of the Caroline Islands 3 Further development was slow to occur due to strong winds aloft caused by a TUTT Nevertheless the system s cloud structure and outflow pattern slowly improved and based on Dvorak estimates of T2 5 40 mph 65 km h the JTWC upgraded the disturbance into Tropical Storm Thad at 00 00 UTC on June 20 4 with the JMA following suit six hours later 3 After initially moving west Thad tracked northwest due to the subtropical ridge to its north Thad slowly deepened 4 with the JMA upgrading Thad to a severe tropical storm at 06 00 UTC on June 21 and a typhoon the next day 3 At 06 00 UTC on June 22 the JTWC upped Thad into a typhoon based on satellite intensity estimates of 130 km h 80 mph 4 Shortly thereafter the JMA reported that Thad reached its highest intensity with winds of 130 km h 80 mph 3 Additional strengthening did not occur however as the system developed a central cold over a large irregular shaped area of deep convection By June 23 Thad reached the western periphery of a subtropical ridge and began to recurve in response to a mid latitude trough over eastern China Rapid weakening began at 00 00 UTC on June 24 due to increased winds aloft Both the JTWC 4 and JMA downgraded Thad into a tropical storm that day as the storm passed 150 km 95 mi southeast of Okinawa 3 The JTWC reported that Thad dissipated at 00 00 UTC on June 25 4 although the JMA continued to track it as a tropical depression for 12 more hours 3 Severe Tropical Storm Vanessa Edeng edit Severe tropical storm JMA Tropical storm SSHWS nbsp nbsp DurationJune 25 June 29Peak intensity100 km h 65 mph 10 min 990 hPa mbar A tropical disturbance was first spotted at noon on June 24 over 200 km 125 mi east of the Caroline Islands Thunderstorm activity increased almost immediately thereafter and the storm s outflow subsequently expanded aided by a retreating Tropical Upper Tropospheric Trough TUTT 4 The JMA upgraded the system into a tropical depression on the morning of June 26 3 Six hours later the JTWC followed suit and at 00 00 UTc on June 27 both the JTWC and JMA upgraded the depression into a tropical storm 4 Several hours later Vanessa made landfall over the central Philippines at the time of landfall both the JMA and JTWC estimated winds of 80 km h 50 mph 4 3 Accelerating Vanessa entered the South China Sea at 02 00 UTC on June 28 4 Around this time the JMA estimated that Vanessa reached its maximum intensity with winds of 105 km h 65 mph making it a severe tropical storm 3 Strong wind shear then increased over the system but Vanessa did not begin weakening until 00 00 UTC on June 29 Six hours later after Vanessa became devoid of deep convection near the center the JTWC issued their last warning on the system 4 However the JMA continued to track it until noon that day 3 Typhoon Warren Huaning edit Main article Typhoon Warren Very strong typhoon JMA Category 4 typhoon SSHWS nbsp nbsp DurationJuly 11 July 20Peak intensity165 km h 105 mph 10 min 940 hPa mbar A tropical depression formed to the east of Guam shortly before passing north of the island Shortly after passing the island the storm strengthened into Tropical Storm Warren Warren kept gathering strength and reached peak intensity of 130 mph while 300 miles east of Luzon Island Typhoon Warren moved westward and brushed the extreme northern tip of Luzon Island in the Philippines causing 10 million in damage Warren then made landfall near Shantou China 13 000 homes were destroyed and 17 people were killed in Guangdong Province 2 Severe Tropical Storm Agnes edit Severe tropical storm JMA Tropical storm SSHWS nbsp nbsp DurationJuly 27 August 1Peak intensity95 km h 60 mph 10 min 975 hPa mbar Following the demise of Typhoon Warren an area of disturbed weather formed southeast of Japan and by July 27 this area had developed a closed surface circulation 4 At noon the same day the JMA upgraded it into a tropical depression 3 Initially resembling a monsoon depression the storm s upper level outflow and organization increased on June 28 in response to decreased winds aloft 4 On June 29 both the JTWC and JMA upgraded the system into Tropical Storm Agnes 4 3 Contrary to forecasts Agnes accelerated northeast in response to a trough northeast of Japan 4 At 00 00 UTC on June 30 the JTWC estimated a peak intensity of 80 km h 50 mph and the JMA estimated a peak intensity of 95 km h 60 mph making Agnes a severe tropical storm 4 3 Twelve hours later the system lost all its deep convection and the JTWC issued its last warning on it at 18 00 UTC 4 Despite this the JMA continued to follow Agnes through August 4 three days after the agency declared Agnes extratropical 3 JMA Tropical Storm Eight edit Tropical storm JMA nbsp nbsp DurationJuly 30 August 3Peak intensity65 km h 40 mph 10 min 998 hPa mbar This was not tracked by the JTWC Tropical Storm Bill edit Tropical storm JMA Tropical storm SSHWS nbsp nbsp DurationAugust 4 August 9Peak intensity85 km h 50 mph 10 min 985 hPa mbar On August 1 the monsoon trough stretched from the Gulf of Tonkin to Japan but four days later abruptly re aligned This created favorable conditions aloft for tropical cyclone formation and an area of convection in the Philippine Sea began to rapidly develop 4 On the evening of August 4 the JMA upgraded the disturbance into a tropical depression 3 and the next day the JTWC issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert TCFA However its development rate slowed as the system separated from the monsoon trough Tracking northeast the low passed just southwest of the southern tip of Okinawa at 15 00 UTC on August 6 4 That day the JMA upgraded the depression into a tropical storm though the JTWC did not do the same until 24 hours later 3 Shortly thereafter both agencies indicated that Bill attained its peak velocity of 80 km h 50 mph 4 an intensity it would maintain until making landfall 220 km 135 mi south of Shanghai Although the JTWC issued its final advisory at 00 00 UTC on August 8 4 with the JMA doing the same 36 hours later its remains could still be identified through August 10 3 Tropical Storm Bill which formed on August 5 east of Taiwan moved northwest to hit eastern China as a 45 mph tropical storm Torrential rains and heavy flooding resulted in 110 casualties and widespread damage to roads and dams 5 Tropical Storm Clara edit Tropical storm JMA Tropical storm SSHWS nbsp nbsp DurationAugust 5 August 16Peak intensity75 km h 45 mph 10 min 994 hPa mbar An area of disorganized convection about 1 000 km 620 mi north of Wake Island in early August 4 The disturbance was classified on August 5 by the JMA 3 The depression tracked westward under the influence of a subtropical ridge Two days later the system began to organize although shower activity remained exposed from the center Strong wind shear prevented further development but by August 10 thunderstorm activity had increased in coverage At 19 15 UTC the same day the JTWC upgraded it to Tropical Storm Clara 4 with the JMA following suit around the same time 3 Due to a strengthening ridge Kevin performed a counterclockwise loop only to turn northeast on August 11 4 Around this time the JTWC and JMA estimated that Clara attained peak winds of 80 and 70 km h 50 and 45 mph 4 3 Shortly afterwards shower activity quickly became displaced from the deep convection prompting a weakening trend The JTWC issued its final warning on August 12 4 though the JMA did not following suit until four days later 3 JMA Tropical Storm Eleven edit Tropical storm JMA nbsp nbsp DurationAugust 13 August 18Peak intensity65 km h 40 mph 10 min 1000 hPa mbar This was not tracked by the JTWC Typhoon Doyle edit Very strong typhoon JMA Category 4 typhoon SSHWS nbsp nbsp DurationAugust 13 August 24Peak intensity165 km h 105 mph 10 min 930 hPa mbar On August 12 a westward moving area of disturbed weather developed within the monsoon trough 4 Deep convection developed near the low level center on the next day and the JMA classified the disturbance as a tropical depression 3 Overnight August 13 into August 14 the depression began to organize and after performing a counterclockwise loop it began moving to the west northwest 4 At 18 00 UTC the same day the JMA upgraded the depression into a tropical storm 3 though the JTWC did not follow suit until 18 hours later Doyle then entered a period of rapid deepening 4 with the JMA upgrading Doyle into a typhoon on the morning of August 16 3 At 18 00 UTC the JTWC estimated that Doyle attained peak winds of 210 km h 130 mph 4 although according to the JMA Doyle did not reach its peak intensity of 170 km h 105 mph 3 The typhoon then curved north as it rounded a subtropical ridge although unlike most recurving tropical cyclones a TUTT cell prevented This change in forward motion led to a gradual weakening trend over cold water 4 On August 20 the JMA estimated that Doyle lost typhoon intensity and two days later downgraded it into a tropical depression 3 At this time the system became devoid of deep convection prompted the JTWC to issue its final warning 4 The JMA estimated that Doyle became extratropical on August 25 The agency stopped following the extratropical remnants the next day 3 Although the typhoon passed close to Wake Island near peak intensity wind gusts only reached 45 mph 70 km h and according to the JTWC damage was insignificant 4 JMA Tropical Storm Thirteen edit Tropical storm JMA nbsp nbsp DurationAugust 13 August 16Peak intensity65 km h 40 mph 10 min 1000 hPa mbar This was not tracked by the JTWC Tropical Storm Elsie edit Tropical storm JMA Tropical storm SSHWS nbsp nbsp DurationAugust 26 September 1Peak intensity85 km h 50 mph 10 min 992 hPa mbar On August 24 a persistent area of convection embedded in the monsoon trough was first detected Despite favorable conditions aloft the disturbance initially remained poorly organized 4 The JMA declared the system a tropical depression at 00 00 UTC on August 24 3 although the depression only started to organize on August 28 Dvorak classifications prompted the JTWC to upgrade the system into a tropical storm at midday 4 with the JMA following suit early on August 29 3 After tracking southeast Elsie turned northeast Interaction from newly formed Tropical Storm Fabian initially halted further intensification and the JTWC estimated that the storm was briefly no longer a classifiable tropical cyclone on August 30 4 At 00 00 UTC on August 31 the JMA estimated that Elsie reached its highest velocity of 80 km h 50 mph 3 The storm then accelerated to the northeast while becoming extratropical and at 18 00 the same day the JTWC classified Elsie as extratropical 4 with the JMA doing the same on September 1 3 Severe Tropical Storm Fabian edit Severe tropical storm JMA Category 1 typhoon SSHWS nbsp nbsp DurationAugust 26 September 3Peak intensity110 km h 70 mph 10 min 970 hPa mbar Also on August 24 another area of disturbed weather was spotted within the monsoon trough which was displaced from its normal position Thunderstorm activity gradually improved in organization 4 and at 06 00 UTC on August 26 the JMA designated the system a tropical depression The depression was upgraded into a tropical storm three days later by the JMA 3 Interaction with Elsie the storms at one point were within 460 mi 740 km of each other caused the cyclone to track eastward Dvorak estimates of T3 0 80 km h 50 mph prompted the JTWC to upgrade it to a tropical storm on August 30 4 with the JMA upgrading it to a severe tropical storm that evening 3 Interaction with Elsie failed to stop Fabian from intensifying and at 06 00 UTC on September 1 the JTWC upgraded Fabian into a typhoon only for the storm to veer north shortly thereafter 4 On September 2 the JMA and the JTWC estimated that Fabian attained peak intensities of 115 and 135 km h 70 and 85 mph respectively 4 3 Accelerating Fabian began to encounter stronger westerly wind shear which led to weakening The JTWC declared Fabian an extratropical cyclone at 06 00 UTC on September 32 4 with the JMA doing the same on the next day 3 Tropical Storm Gay edit Tropical storm JMA Tropical storm SSHWS nbsp nbsp DurationSeptember 2 September 7Peak intensity75 km h 45 mph 10 min 996 hPa mbar An area of disturbed weather formed in the monsoon trough around 780 km 485 mi east of Okinawa 4 The JMA upgraded the area into a tropical depression at 00 00 UTC on September 2 3 Surface observations of 25 to 35 mph 40 to 56 km h along with Dvorak estimate of T2 5 65 km h 40 mph prompted a TCFA at 10 40 UTC with the JTWC designating the system as Tropical Storm Gay the same evening 4 At 0 00 UTC on September 3 the JMA followed suit and upgraded Gay into a tropical storm 3 Moving northeastward Gay quickly intensified 4 and on September 3 the JTWC and JMA estimated peak intensity of 80 and 70 km h 50 and 45 mph respectively 4 3 Gay quickly weakened however due to strong wind shear On September 4 the JTWC reported that Gay dissipated 4 although the JMA continued to track it as a weak tropical depression until September 7 3 Typhoon Uleki edit Main article Hurricane Uleki Typhoon JMA Category 2 typhoon SSHWS nbsp nbsp DurationSeptember 8 entered basin September 16Peak intensity130 km h 80 mph 10 min 945 hPa mbar Uleki had developed on August 28 well to the southeast of Hawai i and become a hurricane in the north central Pacific before crossing the International Date Line At 00 00 UTC on September 8 the CPHC transferred warning responsibility of Uleki to the Joint Typhoon Warning Center JTWC and the storm was subsequently referred to as a typhoon Three hours later Uleki made its closest approach to Midway Atoll passing 200 mi 320 km to the south Shortly thereafter the system crossed the International Date Line and the Japan Meteorological Agency JMA also began advising on the system 6 7 The JMA estimated Uleki to have had a pressure of 945 mbar 945 hPa 27 9 inHg at this time however this value was derived from satellite estimates rather than direct measurements 7 Uleki maintained this strength through September 10 as it continued on its west northwest course On that day the typhoon again entered a region of weak steering currents between two anticyclones within the subtropical ridge A trough approaching from the west was forecast to prompt Uleki to turn east however the typhoon maintained a general northwest motion in a stair stepped fashion Increasing wind shear and cooler air soon imparted weakening 8 and Uleki degraded to a tropical storm by September 12 7 Continued effects from shear stripped the cyclone of all deep convection and by September 14 only a band of cirrus clouds remained in association with Uleki The JTWC issued their final warning on the system at 00 00 UTC that day accordingly 8 The JMA maintained the system as a tropical depression as the former typhoon began turning to the east Uleki later transitioned into an extratropical cyclone on September 16 as it accelerated to the east The system dissipated the following day near the International Date Line far from any major landmasses 7 Typhoon Hal edit Very strong typhoon JMA Category 3 typhoon SSHWS nbsp nbsp DurationSeptember 8 September 17Peak intensity155 km h 100 mph 10 min 945 hPa mbar An area of disturbed weather developed to the west of Wake Island Over the next two days Hal slowly organized as it tracked westward 4 with both the JTWC and JMA declaring the disturbance a tropical depression on September 8 4 3 well to the southeast of Japan Moving to the northwest 9 Hal intensified into a tropical storm on September 9 according to both the JTWC and JMA 4 3 and then turned to the southeast on September 10 9 The JTWC declared Hal a typhoon that day 4 with the JMA following suit the following day 3 Midday on September 11 Hal attained peak intensity There was significant difference between the two agencies however as the JTWC reported winds of 195 km h 120 mph 4 and the JMA estimated winds of 130 km h 80 mph 3 Early on September 12 Hal sharply recurved first turning to the north northwest and eventually northeast on September 15 Accelerating northeastward Hal became an extratropical cyclone on September 17 9 and the JMA stopped tracking it the next day As an extratropical cyclone Hal restrengthened before moving through the eastern Bering Sea on September 19 and into Alaska on September 20 The weakening low moved on an anticyclonic path through southern Alaska before emerging into the Gulf of Alaska on September 23 The cyclone drifted erratically southward dissipating in the Gulf of Alaska on September 25 9 During its formative stages Hal brought winds of up to 70 km h 45 mph to Guam which caused minor property damage and scattered power outages 4 Severe Tropical Storm Irma edit Severe tropical storm JMA Tropical storm SSHWS nbsp nbsp DurationSeptember 11 September 17Peak intensity100 km h 65 mph 10 min 990 hPa mbar Part of a mid September tropical cyclone outbreak Tropical Storm Irma originated from an area of disturbed weather developed on September 11 The same day an increase in convection prompted the JTWC to issue a TCFA 4 while the JMA upgraded it to a tropical depression 3 Based on objective intensity estimates of 70 km h 45 mph the system was classified as a tropical storm by the JTWC and JMA at 00 00 UTC on September 12 4 3 Aided by outflow from Typhoon Hal Irma steadily deepened 4 Midday on September 13 the JTWC and JMA estimated winds of 105 and 80 km h 65 and 50 mph 4 3 Although data from the JTWC suggested that this was Irma s highest intensity 4 the JMA increased the intensity of Irma to 105 km h 65 mph on September 15 3 Following Hal northward along a subtropical ridge Irma slowly weakened and later on September 15 the JTWC issued its last warning 4 A little over 24 hours later the JMA ceased keeping an eye on Irma 3 Tropical Storm Jeff Lusing edit Tropical storm JMA Tropical storm SSHWS nbsp nbsp DurationSeptember 11 September 17Peak intensity85 km h 50 mph 10 min 994 hPa mbar A TUTT developed south of a subtropical ridge which triggered inflow that later resulted in the development in an area of disturbed weather at 00 00 UTC on September 11 4 Six hours later the JMA classified the disturbance as a tropical depression and on September 13 the agency upgraded the depression into a tropical storm 3 Dvorak estimates of T2 5 40 mph 65 km h prompted the JTWC to follow suit the following morning However further organization was slow to occur due to strong wind shear caused by Jeff s proximity to Typhoon Hal all deep convection was restricted to the southern semicircle 4 On September 14 both the JTWC and JMA agree that Jeff reached its peak intensity of 80 km h 50 mph 4 3 Late on September 15 the JTWC dropped warnings on Jeff Just over 24 hours later the JMA stopped tracking it as well 4 Severe Tropical Storm Kit Maring edit Severe tropical storm JMA Tropical storm SSHWS nbsp nbsp DurationSeptember 19 September 22Peak intensity100 km h 65 mph 10 min 980 hPa mbar An eastward extension of the monsoon trough resulted in an area of disturbed weather around 560 km 350 mi east of Manila on September 18 A combination of increased convection enhanced outflow aloft and a Dvorak estimate of T2 0 55 km h 35 mph resulted in the JTWc upgraded the disturbance into a tropical depression 4 the JMA followed suit around this time 3 Even though the depression tracked westward over Luzon the depression gradually intensified and at 18 00 UTC on September 19 the JTWC upgraded Kit into a tropical storm 4 Eighteen hours later the JMA did the same making Kit the sixth out of eight tropical storm that month 3 Tracking over the open waters of the South China Sea an expansion of the storm s southwesterly outflow channel promoted further intensification 4 On the morning of September 21 both the JTWC and JMA reported that Kit attained peak intensity of 115 and 105 km h 70 and 65 mph respectively 4 3 On September 22 the storm made landfall along the 250 km 155 mi northeast of Hong Kong at the time of landfall the JMA estimated winds of 80 km h 50 mph 4 Several hours later the JMA ceased following the cyclone 3 According to press reports torrential rain occurred near Shantou where Kit moved ashore Eight people were killed and over one hundred were injured About 182 860 acres 74 000 ha of farmland were inundated More than 24 000 houses were damaged and 759 houses collapsed Forty boats one bridge and several river embankments were also damaged The total damage in the area was estimated at a little over US 35 1 million nb 2 In Fujian Province heavy rain due to the remnants of Kit and Mamie resulted in nine lives lost with an addition 51 000 losing their homes About 26 000 ha 64 245 acres of farmland were inundated and over 1 200 houses were destroyed 10 Severe Tropical Storm Lee Ningning edit Severe tropical storm JMA Tropical storm SSHWS nbsp nbsp DurationSeptember 19 September 25Peak intensity95 km h 60 mph 10 min 990 hPa mbar On September 16 an area of disturbed weather spawned by a TUTT cell developed near the dateline The disturbance traced westward over the next four days without organized appreciably although the JMA did classify it as a tropical depression Improved organization prompted the JTWC to issue a TCFA on September 20 4 and satellite intensity estimated led to the JTWC and JMA classifying the system as Tropical Storm Lee 4 3 The tropical storm headed west northwest south of the subtropical ridge and later that day the JTWC and JMA reported that Lee attained its peak intensity of 105 and 80 km h 65 and 50 mph 4 3 On September 23 satellite images showed a partially exposed low level center which resulted in weakening Although initially forecast by the JTWC to follow Kit into southern China Instead Lee recurved to the east of Okinawa Lee transitioned to an extratropical cyclone on September 24 as it continued tracking northeastward 4 Tropical Storm Mamie edit Tropical storm JMA Tropical storm SSHWS nbsp nbsp DurationSeptember 19 September 24Peak intensity85 km h 50 mph 10 min 990 hPa mbar The second tropical cyclone of 1988 to develop in the South China Sea Tropical Storm Mamie formed from the same extension of the monsoon trough that spawned Tropical Storm Kit An area of disturbed weather developed on September 19 4 On the same day the system was upgraded into a tropical depression by the JMA 3 and due to a binary interaction with Kit tracked southwestward After veering east the disturbance turned northeastward due to a trough 4 Late on September 21 the JMA upgraded the depression into a tropical storm with the JMA also estimated that Kit attained its peak intensity of 80 km h 50 mph at the same time 3 Based on a pressure report of 991 mbar 29 3 inHg from a vessel the JTWC reported that Tropical Storm Mamie developed on the morning of September 22 Increased wind shear took its toll however and September 23 the JTWC discontinued warnings on Mamie 4 However the JMA did not downgrade Mamie into a tropical depression until 18 00 UTC that day and did not stop tracking it altogether until September 25 3 The remnants of the storm later dissipated near Hong Kong 4 The remnants of the storm combined with Tropical Storm Kit later brought flooding to southern China A total of nine people were killed by the floods 10 Typhoon Nelson Paring edit Very strong typhoon JMA Category 5 super typhoon SSHWS nbsp nbsp DurationSeptember 30 October 8Peak intensity185 km h 115 mph 10 min 915 hPa mbar Following a series of tropical cyclone outbreaks there was a lull in tropical cyclone activity due to the presence of cold dry air which caused the monsoon trough to recede south to its climatological position Within the trough an area of disturbed weather formed around 380 km 235 mi The disturbance slowly organized 4 and on September 30 the JMA upgraded the disturbance into a tropical depression 3 A dramatic increased in convection resulted in the issuance of a TCFA at 09 00 UTC on October 1 4 Later that day both the JTWC and JMA upgraded the system into Tropical Storm Nelson 4 3 The newly named storm tracked westward towards the Philippine Islands and then west northwestward as it tracked along the periphery of the subtropical ridge On October 2 the JTWC classified Nelson as a typhoon and nine hours later the typhoon began to clear out an eye 4 On October 3 the JMA upgraded Nelson to a typhoon 3 The storm subsequently entered a period of rapid deepening and on October 4 the JTWC declared Nelson a super typhoon Shortly thereafter the JTWC estimated peak intensity of 255 km h 160 mph 4 while the JMA reported a peak intensity of 185 km h 115 mph 3 Not long after its peak Nelson rounded the western edge of a subtropical ridge and slowly weakened as it accelerated northeast passing about approximately 155 km 95 mi southeast of Okinawa where 212 mm 8 35 in of rain fell The typhoon quickly lost deep convection and on October 8 the JTWC issued its last warning on the system 4 The next day the JMA declared Nelson extratropical although its remnants were still identifiable for a couple more days 3 JMA Tropical Storm Twenty five edit Tropical storm JMA nbsp nbsp DurationOctober 7 October 10Peak intensity85 km h 50 mph 10 min 992 hPa mbar Made landfall in Vietnam and was not monitored by the JTWC Typhoon Odessa Seniang edit Typhoon JMA Category 2 typhoon SSHWS nbsp nbsp DurationOctober 8 October 16Peak intensity130 km h 80 mph 10 min 965 hPa mbar As the previous storm was weakening at high latitudes a new area of convection formed around 850 km 530 mi south southeast of Minami Tori shima Tracking west northwest 4 the JMA upgraded the system into a tropical depression on October 9 3 The next day the JTWC issued a TCFA 4 On October 11 the JMA upgraded the depression into a tropical storm 3 and twelve hours later satellite intensity estimates prompted the JTWC to follow suit Cool air aloft aided in intensification as Odessa tracked northwest and midday on October 12 Odessa was upgraded into a typhoon by the JTWC 4 Despite forecasts of weakening the JMA did the same and classified Odessa as a typhoon 3 A midget typhoon Odessa continued to intensify 4 with the JTWC and JMA reporting a peak velocity of 170 and 130 km h 105 and 80 mph respectively 4 3 Loss of organization followed a transition into an extratropical cyclone and after the low level circulation diverged from the deep convection the JTWC issued the final warning on October 16 4 The JMA ceased watching the typhoon on October 19 3 Severe Tropical Storm Pat Toyang edit Severe tropical storm JMA Category 1 typhoon SSHWS nbsp nbsp DurationOctober 16 October 22Peak intensity110 km h 70 mph 10 min 980 hPa mbar Unlike most systems in 1988 Pat formed from an area of disturbed weather near 10th parallel north that was first noticed by the JTWC on October 16 At 03 00 UTC on October 18 a TCFA was issued Initially the system remained poorly organized with almost all the convection located along the eastern semicircle 4 Thunderstorm activity associated with the system became more organized and 15 hours later the JMA declared it a tropical depression 3 while the JTWC classified the disturbance as Tropical Storm Pat 4 The storm tracked westward due to a ridge to its north while gradually intensifying 4 and on October 19 Pat was upgraded into a tropical storm by the JMA 3 Following an improvement in Pat s substructure the JTWC upgraded Pat to a typhoon on October 20 Shortly before making landfall on the island of Luzon the JTWC estimated that the typhoon attained its peak intensity of 135 km h 85 mph According to the JTWC Pat crossed central Luzon while remaining a typhoon After Pat entered the South China Sea 4 the JMA estimated that it attained its maximum intensity of 115 km h 70 mph on October 22 3 Shortly thereafter Pat began to weaken as it interacted with Hainan 10 The JTWC estimated that Pat weakened into a tropical storm over the Gulf of Tonkin and later that day dissipated slightly onshore Vietnam 4 Across Hainan transport and telephone services were disrupted About 33 000 ha 81 545 acres of paddy fields were flooded and 16 000 ha 39 535 acres of sugar cane were damaged or destroyed Overall damage was estimated at US 16 million In Hong Kong the storm dropped heavy rainfall for four days There a man was killed when one of the containers crushed onto a truck In another incident a woman was killed after being hit by a falling flower pot Elsewhere a man was injured by a falling tree Scaffoldings at a construction site collapsed damaging two automobiles Press reports also indicated that Pat and rainstorms associated with a low pressure area in mid October left at least 90 people killed and left 500 000 homeless in Vietnam 10 Typhoon Ruby Unsang edit Main article Typhoon Ruby 1988 Typhoon JMA Category 4 typhoon SSHWS nbsp nbsp DurationOctober 20 October 28Peak intensity140 km h 85 mph 10 min 950 hPa mbar Typhoon Ruby which developed east of the Philippines on October 20 rapidly intensified to a 145 mph typhoon while approaching central Luzon It hit on the 24th and rapidly weakened to a minimal typhoon over the island Ruby with its disrupted circulation remained weak over the South China Sea and land interaction with Vietnam caused it to dissipate on the 28th Ruby caused over 300 fatalities with widespread flooding and damage over its track Ruby brought heavy rains and a 12 foot storm surge to Guam and the Marianas Islands On Luzon the storm s 140 mph 230 km h winds caused tremendous damage to the town of Siniloan In the Polillo Islands east of Manila Ruby spawned rare tornadoes that leveled homes In the northern part of the Philippines many fishing boats were wrecked by 30 40 foot waves and 32 more people drowned 11 Damage in the Philippines totaled 5 64 billion Philippine Pesos 1989 pesos 12 The passenger ferry the MV Dona Marilyn was in the Visayan Sea when the storm struck the vessel The storm caused the ferry to list to the starboard until one of the decks was below the water causing the ship to fill up rapidly The passengers and crew tried to save the ship but to no avail The Dona Marilyn sank stern first taking 389 people with it Only 147 people survived by clinging to life rafts Typhoon Skip Yoning edit Typhoon JMA Category 4 typhoon SSHWS nbsp nbsp DurationNovember 3 November 12Peak intensity150 km h 90 mph 10 min 950 hPa mbar Main article Typhoon Skip Just 2 weeks after Ruby hit Luzon Skip which formed on November 3 hit the central Philippines as a 145 mph typhoon Ruby reached the South China Sea on the 7th and steadily weakened until dissipation on the 12th Skip was responsible for killing 104 people with 95 missing and extensive damage to the coconut rice and sugar crops 13 Severe Tropical Storm Tess Welpring edit Main article Tropical Storm Tess 1988 Severe tropical storm JMA Category 1 typhoon SSHWS nbsp nbsp DurationNovember 1 November 6Peak intensity110 km h 70 mph 10 min 975 hPa mbar After passing through the Philippines a tropical disturbance organized in the South China Sea into a tropical depression late on the morning of November 4 Turning westward and strengthening the cyclone became a tropical storm later that day and then a typhoon by late November 5 It moved into Vietnam on November 6 and quickly weakened becoming the only tropical cyclone that season to make landfall in the country Its remains later moved across the Mekong River delta 14 Tropical Storm Val Apiang edit Tropical storm JMA Tropical storm SSHWS nbsp nbsp DurationDecember 21 December 25Peak intensity85 km h 50 mph 10 min 992 hPa mbar The final tropical cyclone to develop in 1988 and the only in December the origins of Tropical Storm Val Tropical Storm Val was first spawned by an outbreak of Arctic air pushed southeastward across Asia on December 18 Within five days this cold air mass extended from the southern Philippine Islands to the northern Marianas The cold air quickly diminished which spawned convection and multiple surface circulations across the monsoon trough Thunderstorm activity consolidated on December 21 and an increase in organization prompted the issuance of a TCFA the next day 4 Later on December 22 both the JTWC and JMA upgraded the disturbance into a tropical depression 4 3 On December 24 the JMA upgraded the depression into Tropical Storm Val 3 Around the time JTWC and JMA reported that Lee attained its peak intensity of 105 and 80 km h 65 and 50 mph 4 3 Also on December 24 Val which was moving westward at around 40 km h 25 mph grounded to a halt The storm s center became less defined which resulted in a weakening trend After tracing northward Val was downgraded to a tropical depression on December 27 The JTWC ceased tracking Val on December 26 4 with the JMA doing the same the next day 3 Storm names editSee also Lists of tropical cyclone names and Tropical cyclone naming During the season 26 named tropical cyclones developed in the Western Pacific and were named by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center when it was determined that they had become tropical storms These names were contributed to a revised list which started in 1979 Roy Susan Thad Vanessa Warren Agnes Bill Clara Doyle Elsie Fabian Gay HalIrma Jeff Kit Lee Mamie Nelson Odessa Pat Ruby Skip Tess ValPhilippines edit Asiang Biring Konsing Ditang EdengGloring Huaning Isang Lusing MaringNingning Osang Paring Reming SeniangToyang Unsang Welpring YoningAuxiliary listApiangBasiang unused Kayang unused Dorang unused Enang unused Grasing unused The Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration uses its own naming scheme for tropical cyclones in their area of responsibility PAGASA assigns names to tropical depressions that form within their area of responsibility and any tropical cyclone that might move into their area of responsibility Should the list of names for a given year prove to be insufficient names are taken from an auxiliary list the first 6 of which are published each year before the season starts Names not retired from this list will be used again in the 1992 season This is the same list used for the 1984 season PAGASA uses its own naming scheme that starts in the Filipino alphabet with names of Filipino female names ending with ng A B K D etc Names that were not assigned going to use are marked in gray Retirement edit Because Typhoons Unsang and Yoning made extensive damage within the Philippines the PAGASA later retired the names Unsang and Yoning and was replaced by Ulpiang and Yerling for the 1992 season Season effects editThis is a table of all of the storms that have formed in the 1987 Pacific typhoon season It includes their duration names affected areas damages and death totals Deaths in parentheses are additional and indirect an example of an indirect death would be a traffic accident but were still related to that storm Damage and deaths include totals while the storm was extratropical a wave or a low and all of the damage figures are in 1986 USD Names listed in parentheses were assigned by PAGASA Name Dates Peak intensity Areas affected Damage USD Deaths RefsCategory Wind speed PressureRoy Asiang January 7 19 Typhoon 155 km h 96 mph 940 hPa 27 76 inHg Marshall Islands Mariana Islands Caroline Islands Philippines 28 5 million 2Susan Biring May 28 June 3 Typhoon 120 km h 75 mph 975 hPa 28 79 inHg Philippines Taiwan Ryukyu Islands None 603W Konsing June 3 6 Tropical storm 65 km h 40 mph 1 000 hPa 29 53 inHg Philippines Taiwan None NoneThad Ditang June 17 25 Typhoon 130 km h 81 mph 970 hPa 28 64 inHg Philippines None NoneTD June 22 26 Tropical depression Not specified 1 004 hPa 29 65 inHg None None NoneVanessa Edeng June 26 29 Severe tropical storm 100 km h 62 mph 990 hPa 29 23 inHg Philippines South China None NoneGloring July 6 9 Tropical depression 45 km h 28 mph 1 000 hPa 29 53 inHg Taiwan None NoneWarren Huaning July 12 20 Typhoon 165 km h 103 mph 940 hPa 27 76 inHg Mariana Islands Caroline Islands Philippines Taiwan China 10 million 17TD July 25 28 Tropical depression Not specified 998 hPa 29 47 inHg None None NoneAgnes July 27 August 1 Severe tropical storm 95 km h 59 mph 975 hPa 28 79 inHg None None NoneTD July 29 30 Tropical depression Not specified 1 002 hPa 29 59 inHg None None NoneEight August 1 3 Tropical storm 65 km h 40 mph 998 hPa 29 47 inHg Japan None NoneIsang August 1 3 Tropical depression Not specified 1 002 hPa 29 59 inHg South China None NoneTD August 4 6 Tropical depression Not specified 1 004 hPa 29 65 inHg Ryukyu Islands None NoneBill Isang August 4 9 Tropical storm 85 km h 53 mph 985 hPa 29 09 inHg Ryukyu Islands East China None 110Clara August 5 16 Tropical storm 75 km h 47 mph 994 hPa 29 35 inHg None None NoneTD August 6 16 Tropical depression Not specified 1 000 hPa 29 53 inHg Japan None NoneTD August 9 Tropical depression Not specified 1 000 hPa 29 53 inHg None None NoneTD August 10 13 Tropical depression Not specified 1 002 hPa 29 59 inHg South China None NoneTD August 12 13 Tropical depression Not specified 1 002 hPa 29 59 inHg Japan None NoneTD August 12 14 Tropical depression Not specified 1 002 hPa 29 59 inHg Japan None NoneEleven August 13 18 Tropical storm 65 km h 40 mph 1 000 hPa 29 53 inHg Japan Soviet Union None NoneDoyle August 13 24 Typhoon 165 km h 103 mph 930 hPa 27 46 inHg None None NoneTD August 13 Tropical depression Not specified 1 004 hPa 29 65 inHg Japan None NoneThirteen August 13 16 Tropical storm 65 km h 40 mph 1 000 hPa 29 53 inHg Japan None NoneTD August 15 16 Tropical depression Not specified 1 010 hPa 29 83 inHg None None NoneTD August 18 Tropical depression Not specified 1 006 hPa 29 71 inHg None None NoneFabian August 24 September 3 Severe tropical storm 110 km h 68 mph 970 hPa 28 64 inHg Japan None NoneElsie August 26 September 1 Tropical storm 85 km h 53 mph 992 hPa 29 29 inHg None None NoneGay September 2 4 Tropical storm 75 km h 47 mph 996 hPa 29 41 inHg None None NoneTD September 3 6 Tropical depression Not specified 1 010 hPa 29 83 inHg None None NoneUleki September 8 16 Typhoon 130 km h 81 mph 945 hPa 27 91 inHg Wake Island None NoneHal September 8 17 Typhoon 155 km h 96 mph 945 hPa 27 91 inHg Japan None NoneTD September 9 10 Tropical depression Not specified 1 008 hPa 29 77 inHg Japan None NoneIrma September 11 17 Severe tropical storm 100 km h 62 mph 990 hPa 29 23 inHg None None NoneJeff Lusing September 11 17 Tropical storm 85 km h 53 mph 994 hPa 29 35 inHg None None NoneKit Maring September 19 22 Severe tropical storm 100 km h 62 mph 980 hPa 28 94 inHg Philippines South China None 3Lee Ningning September 19 25 Severe tropical storm 95 km h 59 mph 990 hPa 29 23 inHg Mariana Islands Ryukyu Islands None NoneMamie September 19 24 Tropical storm 85 km h 53 mph 990 hPa 29 23 inHg South China Vietnam None NoneTD September 23 24 Tropical depression Not specified 1 002 hPa 29 59 inHg None None NoneTD September 28 October 3 Tropical depression 45 km h 28 mph 1 000 hPa 29 53 inHg Philippines Vietnam South China None NoneNelson Paring September 30 October 9 Typhoon 185 km h 115 mph 915 hPa 27 02 inHg Philippines Japan None NoneOsang October 1 2 Tropical depression Not specified 1 004 hPa 29 65 inHg Philippines None NoneTD October 6 7 Tropical depression Not specified 1 002 hPa 29 59 inHg None None NoneTwenty five October 7 10 Tropical storm 85 km h 53 mph 992 hPa 29 29 inHg Vietnam None NoneReming October 8 Tropical storm 65 km h 40 mph 1 006 hPa 29 71 inHg Philippines None NoneOdessa Seniang October 8 19 Typhoon 130 km h 81 mph 965 hPa 28 50 inHg Mariana Islands None NoneTD October 15 17 Tropical depression Not specified 1 004 hPa 29 65 inHg Vietnam Cambodia Thailand None NonePat Toyang October 17 23 Severe tropical storm 110 km h 68 mph 980 hPa 28 94 inHg Philippines China Vietnam None NoneRuby Unsang October 20 29 Typhoon 140 km h 87 mph 950 hPa 28 05 inHg Philippines South China 311 million 288Tess Welpring November 1 7 Severe tropical storm 110 km h 68 mph 975 hPa 28 79 inHg Philippines Vietnam 22 4 million 123Skip Yoning November 3 12 Typhoon 140 km h 87 mph 950 hPa 28 05 inHg Philippines Vietnam 132 million 237TD December 11 12 Tropical depression Not specified 1 004 hPa 29 65 inHg None None NoneVal Apiang December 22 27 Tropical storm 85 km h 53 mph 992 hPa 29 29 inHg Philippines None NoneSeason aggregates52 systems January 7 December 27 1988 185 km h 115 mph 915 hPa 27 02 inHg gt 504 million gt 786See also edit nbsp Tropical cyclones portal1988 Pacific hurricane season 1988 Atlantic hurricane season 1988 North Indian Ocean cyclone season South West Indian Ocean cyclone seasons 1987 88 1988 89 Australian region cyclone seasons 1987 88 1988 89 South Pacific cyclone seasons 1987 88 1988 89Notes edit All damage totals are in 1988 values of their respective currencies Some currencies are converted to Chinese Yuan to United States Dollars using this with an exchange rate of the year 1988 References edit Gary Padgett May 2003 Tropical Cyclone Summary Archived 2010 11 30 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 2006 08 26 a b Joint Typhoon Warning Center 1 Retrieved on 2007 12 26 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx Japan Meteorological Agency October 10 1992 RSMC Best Track Data 1980 1989 Report Archived from the original TXT on December 5 2014 Retrieved July 19 2017 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr Joint Typhoon Warning Center Naval Pacific Meteorology and Oceanography Center 1989 Annual Tropical Cyclone Report 1987 PDF Report United States Navy United States Air Force Archived from the original PDF on February 21 2013 Retrieved July 19 2017 Joint Typhoon Warning Center Tropical Storm Bill Retrieved on 2007 01 19 The 1988 Central Pacific Tropical Cyclone Season Central Pacific Hurricane Center Honolulu Hawaii National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 2014 August 28 September 7 1988 Hurricane Uleki Retrieved August 20 2014 a b c d Typhoon 198817 ULEKI Detailed Track Information Japan Meteorological Agency National Institute of Informatics 1989 Retrieved August 20 2014 a b Cpt John M Rogers and Lt Douglas H Scovil Jr 1989 Typhoon Uleki 01C PDF Annual Tropical Cyclone Report Joint Typhoon Warning Center Report United States Navy pp 88 91 Archived from the original PDF on April 9 2013 Retrieved August 20 2014 a b c d Richard M DeAngelis ed Winter 1989 Mariners Weather Log 33 1 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 48 49 56 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a CS1 maint untitled periodical link a b c d Meteorological Results 1988 PDF Report Hong Kong Royal Observatory 1989 Archived from the original PDF on October 23 2019 Retrieved August 15 2017 Joint Typhoon Warning Center Typhoon Ruby Archived June 7 2011 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 2007 01 19 Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration Most Destructive Tropical Cyclones for Month of October 1948 2000 Archived May 11 2004 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 2007 02 04 Joint Typhoon Warning Center Typhoon Skip Archived 2011 06 07 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 2007 01 19 Joint Typhoon Warning Center Typhoon Tess Retrieved on 2007 01 19 External links editSatellite movie of 1988 Pacific typhoon season Japan Meteorological Agency Joint Typhoon Warning Center Archived 2010 03 01 at the Wayback Machine China Meteorological Agency National Weather Service Guam Hong Kong Observatory Macau Meteorological Geophysical Services Korea Meteorological Agency Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration Taiwan Central Weather Bureau Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 1988 Pacific typhoon season amp oldid 1211059393 Philippines, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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