The Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report was first published in 2007 by the World Economic Forum (WEF).[1] The 2007 report covered 124 major and emerging economies. The 2008 report covered 130 countries,[2] the 2009 report expanded to 133 countries,[3] and the 2011 report to 139 countries.[4] The index is a measurement of the factors that make it attractive to develop business in the travel and tourism industry of individual countries, rather than a measure of a country attractiveness as a tourist destination. The report ranks selected nations according to the Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index (TTCI), which scores from 1 to 6 the performance of a given country in each specific subindex. The overall index is made of three main subindexes: (1) regulatory framework; (2) business environment and infrastructure; and (3) human, cultural, and natural resources. The Report also includes a specific Country Profile for each of the nations evaluated, with each of the scores received to estimate its TTCI, and complementary information regarding key economic indicators from the World Bank, and country indicators from the World Tourism Organization and the World Travel and Tourism Council. The last Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report was published in 2019.
Cover of the 2008 report
From the 2021 report, WEF publishes the Travel and Tourism Development Index (TTDI) as an evolution of the TTCI.[5]
For the 2008 index, each of the three main subindexes is made of the scoring of the following 14 variables, called pillars in the TTC Report. Several changes were introduced in the 2008 TTCI in the definition of the variables as compared to the definitions of the 2007 TTCI.[2] First, the “environmental regulation” pillar was improved with help from the IUCN and the UNWTO, and for the 2008 index was renamed the “environmental sustainability” pillar to “better reflect its components and to capture the increasingly recognized importance of sustainability in the sector’s development.”[6] Second, the original pillar “natural and cultural resources” was divided into two separate subcomponents: “natural resources” and “cultural resources”, thus, allowing to differentiate those countries which do not necessarily have the same strengths or weaknesses in these two different resources. In general, the model was improved with better data and new concepts were introduced.[2] The 2009 and 2011 reports kept the same 14 variables.[3][4]
^ abc"Travel & Tourism Development Index 2021 - Rebuilding for a Sustainable and Resilient Future" (PDF). World Economic Forum. May 2022.
^Blanke and Chiesa (2008), Executive Summary, pp. xiv
^"The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2019". World Economic Forum. September 2019.
^"The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2017" (PDF). World Economic Forum. April 2017.
^"The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2015" (PDF). World Economic Forum. May 2015.
External linksedit
Official website
February 15, 2024
travel, tourism, competitiveness, report, this, article, contain, excessive, amount, intricate, detail, that, interest, only, particular, audience, please, help, spinning, relocating, relevant, information, removing, excessive, detail, that, against, wikipedia. This article may contain an excessive amount of intricate detail that may interest only a particular audience Please help by spinning off or relocating any relevant information and removing excessive detail that may be against Wikipedia s inclusion policy November 2021 Learn how and when to remove this template message The Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report was first published in 2007 by the World Economic Forum WEF 1 The 2007 report covered 124 major and emerging economies The 2008 report covered 130 countries 2 the 2009 report expanded to 133 countries 3 and the 2011 report to 139 countries 4 The index is a measurement of the factors that make it attractive to develop business in the travel and tourism industry of individual countries rather than a measure of a country attractiveness as a tourist destination The report ranks selected nations according to the Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index TTCI which scores from 1 to 6 the performance of a given country in each specific subindex The overall index is made of three main subindexes 1 regulatory framework 2 business environment and infrastructure and 3 human cultural and natural resources The Report also includes a specific Country Profile for each of the nations evaluated with each of the scores received to estimate its TTCI and complementary information regarding key economic indicators from the World Bank and country indicators from the World Tourism Organization and the World Travel and Tourism Council The last Travel amp Tourism Competitiveness Report was published in 2019 Cover of the 2008 reportFrom the 2021 report WEF publishes the Travel and Tourism Development Index TTDI as an evolution of the TTCI 5 Contents 1 Variables 2 2021 Ranking 2 1 Top 30 Countries 3 2019 Ranking 3 1 Top 30 Countries 4 2017 Ranking 4 1 Top 30 Countries 5 2015 Ranking 5 1 Top 30 Countries 6 2013 Ranking 6 1 Top 30 Countries 7 2011 Ranking 7 1 Top 30 Countries 7 2 Top 10 Ranking by Continent 7 2 1 Top 10 Middle East 7 2 2 Top 10 Americas 7 2 3 Top 10 Asia Pacific 7 2 4 Top 10 Sub Saharan Africa 7 2 5 Top 10 Europe 8 2009 Ranking 8 1 Top 20 Countries 8 2 Top 10 Ranking by Continent 8 2 1 Top 10 Middle East and Africa 8 2 2 Top 10 Americas 8 2 3 Top 10 Asia Pacific 8 2 4 Top 10 Europe 9 2008 Ranking 9 1 Top 20 Countries 9 2 Top 10 Ranking by Continent 9 2 1 Top 10 Africa 9 2 2 Top 10 Americas 9 2 3 Top 10 Asia 9 2 4 Top 10 Europe 9 2 5 Top 2 Oceania 10 References 11 External linksVariables editFor the 2008 index each of the three main subindexes is made of the scoring of the following 14 variables called pillars in the TTC Report Several changes were introduced in the 2008 TTCI in the definition of the variables as compared to the definitions of the 2007 TTCI 2 First the environmental regulation pillar was improved with help from the IUCN and the UNWTO and for the 2008 index was renamed the environmental sustainability pillar to better reflect its components and to capture the increasingly recognized importance of sustainability in the sector s development 6 Second the original pillar natural and cultural resources was divided into two separate subcomponents natural resources and cultural resources thus allowing to differentiate those countries which do not necessarily have the same strengths or weaknesses in these two different resources In general the model was improved with better data and new concepts were introduced 2 The 2009 and 2011 reports kept the same 14 variables 3 4 Pillars by Subindexes 2021 5 Subindex A Enabling Environment Pillar 1 Business Environment Pillar 2 Safety and Security Pillar 3 Health and Hygiene Pillar 4 Human Resources and Labour Market Qualification of the labour force Pillar 5 ICT Readiness Subindex B T amp T Policy and Enabling Conditions Pillar 6 Prioritization of T amp T Pillar 7 International Openness Pillar 8 Price Competitiveness Subindex C Infrastructure Pillar 9 Air Transport Infrastructure Pillar 10 Ground and Port Infrastructure Pillar 11 Tourist Service Infrastructure Subindex D T amp T Demand Drivers Pillar 12 Natural Resources Pillar 13 Cultural Resources Pillar 14 Non Leisure Resources Subindex E T amp T Sustainability Pillar 15 Environmental Sustainability Climate Change Exposure and Management Pillar 16 Socioeconomic Resilience and Conditions Pillar 17 T amp T Demand Pressure and Impact Pillars by Subindexes 2015 SUBINDEX A ENABLING ENVIRONMENT Pillar 1 Business Environment Pillar 2 Safety and Security Pillar 3 Health and Hygiene Pillar 4 Human Resources and Labour Market Pillar 5 ICT Readiness SUBINDEX B T amp T POLICY AND ENABLING CONDITIONS Pillar 6 Prioritization of Travel amp Tourism Pillar 7 International Openness Pillar 8 Price Competitiveness Pillar 9 Environmental Sustainability SUBINDEX C INFRASTRUCTURE Pillar 10 Air Transport Infrastructure Pillar 11 Ground and Port Infrastructure Pillar 12 Tourist Service Infrastructure SUBINDEX D NATURAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES Pillar 13 Natural Resources Pillar 14 Cultural Resources and Business TravelPillars by Subindexes 2013 Regulatory framework Business environment and infrastructure Human cultural and natural resourcesPolicy rules and regulations Air transport infrastructure Human resourcesEnvironmental sustainability Ground transport infrastructure Affinity for Travel amp TourismSafety and security Tourism infrastructure Natural resourcesHealth and hygiene Information and Communications Techn infrastr Cultural resourcesPrioritization of Travel and Tourism Price competitiveness in T amp T industry2021 Ranking editTop 30 Countries edit 5 nbsp Japan 5 2 nbsp USA 5 2 nbsp Spain 5 2 nbsp France 5 1 nbsp Germany 5 1 nbsp Switzerland 5 nbsp Australia 5 nbsp United Kingdom 5 nbsp Singapore 5 nbsp Italy 4 9 nbsp Austria 4 9 nbsp China 4 9 nbsp Canada 4 9 nbsp Netherlands 4 9 nbsp South Korea 4 8 nbsp Portugal 4 8 nbsp Denmark 4 7 nbsp Finland 4 7 nbsp Hong Kong 4 6 nbsp Sweden 4 6 nbsp Luxembourg 4 6 nbsp Belgium 4 6 nbsp Iceland 4 5 nbsp Ireland 4 5 nbsp United Arab Emirates 4 5 nbsp Czech Republic 4 5 nbsp New Zealand 4 5 nbsp Greece 4 5 nbsp Estonia 4 4 nbsp Poland 4 42019 Ranking editTop 30 Countries edit 7 nbsp Spain 5 4 nbsp France 5 4 nbsp Germany 5 4 nbsp Japan 5 4 nbsp United States 5 3 nbsp United Kingdom 5 2 nbsp Australia 5 1 nbsp Italy 5 1 nbsp Canada 5 1 nbsp Switzerland 5 0 nbsp Austria 5 0 nbsp Portugal 4 9 nbsp China 4 9 nbsp Hong Kong 4 8 nbsp Netherlands 4 8 nbsp South Korea 4 8 nbsp Singapore 4 8 nbsp New Zealand 4 7 nbsp Mexico 4 7 nbsp Sweden 4 6 nbsp Denmark 4 6 nbsp Norway 4 6 nbsp Luxembourg 4 6 nbsp Belgium 4 5 nbsp Greece 4 5 nbsp Ireland 4 5 nbsp Croatia 4 5 nbsp Finland 4 5 nbsp Malaysia 4 5 nbsp Iceland 4 52017 Ranking editTop 30 Countries edit 8 nbsp Spain 5 43 nbsp France 5 32 nbsp Germany 5 28 nbsp Japan 5 26 nbsp United Kingdom 5 20 nbsp United States 5 12 nbsp Australia 5 10 nbsp Italy 4 99 nbsp Canada 4 97 nbsp Switzerland 4 94 nbsp Hong Kong 4 86 nbsp Austria 4 86 nbsp Singapore 4 85 nbsp Portugal 4 74 nbsp China 4 72 nbsp New Zealand 4 68 nbsp Netherlands 4 64 nbsp Norway 4 64 nbsp South Korea 4 57 nbsp Sweden 4 55 nbsp Belgium 4 54 nbsp Mexico 4 54 nbsp Ireland 4 53 nbsp Greece 4 51 nbsp Iceland 4 50 nbsp Malaysia 4 50 nbsp Brazil 4 49 nbsp Luxembourg 4 49 nbsp United Arab Emirates 4 49 nbsp Taiwan 4 472015 Ranking editTop 30 Countries edit 9 nbsp Spain 5 31 nbsp France 5 24 nbsp Germany 5 22 nbsp United Kingdom 5 12 nbsp United States 5 12 nbsp Switzerland 4 99 nbsp Australia 4 98 nbsp Italy 4 98 nbsp Japan 4 94 nbsp Canada 4 92 nbsp Singapore 4 86 nbsp Austria 4 82 nbsp Hong Kong 4 68 nbsp Netherlands 4 67 nbsp Portugal 4 64 nbsp New Zealand 4 64 nbsp China 4 54 nbsp Iceland 4 54 nbsp Ireland 4 53 nbsp Norway 4 52 nbsp Belgium 4 51 nbsp Finland 4 47 nbsp Sweden 4 45 nbsp United Arab Emirates 4 43 nbsp Malaysia 4 41 nbsp Luxembourg 4 38 nbsp Denmark 4 38 nbsp Brazil 4 37 nbsp South Korea 4 37 nbsp Mexico 4 36 nbsp Greece 4 362013 Ranking editTop 30 Countries edit nbsp Switzerland 5 66 nbsp Germany 5 39 nbsp Austria 5 39 nbsp Spain 5 38 nbsp United Kingdom 5 38 nbsp United States 5 32 nbsp France 5 31 nbsp Canada 5 28 nbsp Sweden 5 24 nbsp Singapore 5 23 nbsp Australia 5 17 nbsp New Zealand 5 17 nbsp Netherlands 5 14 nbsp Japan 5 13 nbsp Hong Kong 5 11 nbsp Iceland 5 10 nbsp Finland 5 10 nbsp Belgium 5 04 nbsp Ireland 5 01 nbsp Portugal 5 01 nbsp Denmark 4 98 nbsp Norway 4 95 nbsp Luxembourg 4 93 nbsp Malta 4 92 nbsp South Korea 4 91 nbsp Italy 4 90 nbsp Barbados 4 88 nbsp United Arab Emirates 4 86 nbsp Cyprus 4 84 nbsp Estonia 4 822011 Ranking editTop 30 Countries edit nbsp Switzerland 5 68 nbsp Germany 5 60 nbsp Austria 5 41 nbsp France 5 41 nbsp Sweden 5 34 nbsp United States 5 30 nbsp United Kingdom 5 30 nbsp Spain 5 29 nbsp Canada 5 29 nbsp Singapore 5 23 nbsp Iceland 5 19 nbsp Hong Kong 5 19 nbsp Australia 5 15 nbsp Netherlands 5 13 nbsp Luxembourg 5 08 nbsp Denmark 5 05 nbsp Finland 5 02 nbsp Portugal 5 01 nbsp New Zealand 5 00 nbsp Norway 4 98 nbsp Ireland 4 98 nbsp Japan 4 94 nbsp Belgium 4 92 nbsp Cyprus 4 89 nbsp Estonia 4 88 nbsp Malta 4 88 nbsp Italy 4 87 nbsp Barbados 4 84 nbsp Greece 4 78 nbsp United Arab Emirates 4 78 Top 10 Ranking by Continent edit The number in parentheses in the continent ranking corresponds to the position in the world s ranking for the overall index for 2011 4 Top 10 Middle East edit nbsp United Arab Emirates 4 78 30 nbsp Bahrain 4 47 40 nbsp Qatar 4 45 42 nbsp Israel 4 41 46 nbsp Oman 4 18 61 nbsp Saudi Arabia 4 17 62 nbsp Jordan 4 14 64 nbsp Lebanon 4 03 70 Top 10 Americas edit nbsp United States 5 30 6 nbsp Canada 5 29 9 nbsp Barbados 4 84 28 nbsp Mexico 4 43 43 nbsp Costa Rica 4 43 44 nbsp Puerto Rico 4 42 45 nbsp Brazil 4 36 52 nbsp Panama 4 30 56 nbsp Chile 4 27 57 nbsp Uruguay 4 24 58 Top 10 Asia Pacific edit nbsp Singapore 5 23 10 nbsp Hong Kong 5 19 12 nbsp Australia 5 15 13 nbsp New Zealand 5 00 19 nbsp Japan 4 94 22 nbsp South Korea 4 71 32 nbsp Malaysia 4 59 35 nbsp Taiwan 4 56 37 nbsp China 4 47 39 nbsp Thailand 4 47 41 Top 10 Sub Saharan Africa edit nbsp Mauritius 4 35 53 nbsp South Africa 4 11 66 nbsp Namibia 3 84 84 nbsp Cape Verde 3 77 89 nbsp Botswana 3 74 91 nbsp Gambia 3 70 92 nbsp Rwanda 3 54 102 nbsp Kenya 3 51 103 nbsp Senegal 3 49 104 nbsp Ghana 3 44 108 Top 10 Europe edit nbsp Switzerland 5 68 1 nbsp Germany 5 50 2 nbsp France 5 41 3 nbsp Austria 5 41 4 nbsp Sweden 5 34 5 nbsp United Kingdom 5 30 7 nbsp Spain 5 29 8 nbsp Iceland 5 19 11 nbsp Netherlands 5 13 14 nbsp Luxembourg 5 08 15 2009 Ranking editTop 20 Countries edit nbsp Switzerland 5 68 nbsp Austria 5 46 nbsp Germany 5 41 nbsp France 5 34 nbsp Canada 5 32 nbsp Spain 5 29 nbsp Sweden 5 28 nbsp United States 5 28 nbsp Australia 5 24 nbsp Singapore 5 24 nbsp United Kingdom 5 22 nbsp Hong Kong 5 18 nbsp Netherlands 5 09 nbsp Denmark 5 08 nbsp Finland 5 07 nbsp Iceland 5 07 nbsp Portugal 5 01 nbsp Ireland 4 99 nbsp Norway 4 97 nbsp New Zealand 4 94 Top 10 Ranking by Continent edit The number in parentheses in the continent ranking corresponds to the position in the world s ranking for the overall index for 2009 3 Top 10 Middle East and Africa edit nbsp United Arab Emirates 4 57 33 nbsp Israel 4 50 36 nbsp Qatar 4 49 37 nbsp Mauritius 4 43 40 nbsp Bahrain 4 42 41 nbsp Tunisia 4 37 44 nbsp Jordan 4 25 54 nbsp South Africa 4 10 61 nbsp Egypt 4 09 64 nbsp Oman 4 01 68 Top 10 Americas edit nbsp Canada 5 32 5 nbsp United States 5 28 8 nbsp Barbados 4 77 30 nbsp Costa Rica 4 42 42 nbsp Brazil 4 35 45 nbsp Mexico 4 29 51 nbsp Puerto Rico 4 27 53 nbsp Panama 4 23 55 nbsp Chile 4 18 57 nbsp Jamaica 4 13 60 Top 10 Asia Pacific edit nbsp Australia 5 24 9 nbsp Singapore 5 24 10 nbsp Hong Kong 5 18 12 nbsp New Zealand 4 94 20 nbsp Japan 4 91 25 nbsp South Korea 4 72 31 nbsp Malaysia 4 71 32 nbsp Thailand 4 45 39 nbsp Taiwan 4 40 43 nbsp China 4 33 47 Top 10 Europe edit nbsp Switzerland 5 68 1 nbsp Austria 5 46 2 nbsp Germany 5 41 3 nbsp France 5 34 4 nbsp Spain 5 29 6 nbsp Sweden 5 28 7 nbsp United Kingdom 5 22 11 nbsp Netherlands 5 09 13 nbsp Denmark 5 08 14 nbsp Finland 5 07 15 2008 Ranking editTop 20 Countries edit nbsp Switzerland 5 63 nbsp Austria 5 43 nbsp Germany 5 41 nbsp Australia 5 34 nbsp Spain 5 30 nbsp United Kingdom 5 28 nbsp United States 5 28 nbsp Sweden 5 27 nbsp Canada 5 26 nbsp France 5 23 nbsp Iceland 5 16 nbsp Finland 5 11 nbsp Denmark 5 10 nbsp Hong Kong 5 09 nbsp Portugal 5 09 nbsp Singapore 5 06 nbsp Norway 5 05 nbsp Netherlands 5 01 nbsp New Zealand 4 96 nbsp Luxembourg 4 95 Top 10 Ranking by Continent edit The number in parentheses in the continent ranking corresponds to the position in the world s ranking for the overall index in 2008 2 Top 10 Africa edit nbsp Tunisia 4 41 39 nbsp Mauritius 4 38 41 nbsp South Africa 4 11 60 nbsp Egypt 3 96 66 nbsp Morocco 3 91 67 nbsp The Gambia 3 67 84 nbsp Botswana 3 65 87 nbsp Tanzania 3 65 88 nbsp Namibia 3 59 93 nbsp Kenya 3 53 101 Top 10 Americas edit nbsp United States 5 28 7 nbsp Canada 5 26 9 nbsp Barbados 4 77 29 nbsp Costa Rica 4 35 44 nbsp Puerto Rico 4 34 46 nbsp Brazil 4 29 49 nbsp Panama 4 29 50 nbsp Chile 4 27 51 nbsp Mexico 4 18 55 nbsp Jamaica 4 18 57 Top 10 Asia edit nbsp Hong Kong 5 09 14 nbsp Singapore 5 06 16 nbsp Japan 4 90 23 nbsp South Korea 4 68 31 nbsp Malaysia 4 63 32 nbsp Israel 4 51 35 nbsp Qatar 4 44 37 nbsp United Arab Emirates 4 39 40 nbsp Thailand 4 37 42 nbsp Bahrain 4 29 48 Top 10 Europe edit nbsp Switzerland 5 63 1 nbsp Austria 5 43 2 nbsp Germany 5 41 3 nbsp Spain 5 30 5 nbsp United Kingdom 5 28 6 nbsp Sweden 5 27 8 nbsp France 5 23 10 nbsp Iceland 5 16 11 nbsp Finland 5 11 12 nbsp Denmark 5 10 13 Top 2 Oceania edit nbsp Australia 5 34 4 nbsp New Zealand 4 96 19 References edit Jennifer Blanke and Thea Chiesa ed 2007 The Travel amp Tourism Competitiveness Report 2007 PDF World Economic Forum Geneva Switzerland Retrieved 2009 03 04 a b c d Jennifer Blanke and Thea Chiesa ed 2008 Travel amp Tourism Competitiveness Report 2008 PDF World Economic Forum Geneva Switzerland Retrieved 2009 03 04 a b c Jennifer Blanke and Thea Chiesa ed 2009 Travel amp Tourism Competitiveness Report 2009 World Economic Forum Geneva Switzerland Retrieved 2009 03 04 a b c Jennifer Blanke and Thea Chiesa ed 2011 Travel amp Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011 PDF World Economic Forum Geneva Switzerland Retrieved 2011 03 14 a b c Travel amp Tourism Development Index 2021 Rebuilding for a Sustainable and Resilient Future PDF World Economic Forum May 2022 Blanke and Chiesa 2008 Executive Summary pp xiv The Travel amp Tourism Competitiveness Report 2019 World Economic Forum September 2019 The Travel amp Tourism Competitiveness Report 2017 PDF World Economic Forum April 2017 The Travel amp Tourism Competitiveness Report 2015 PDF World Economic Forum May 2015 External links editOfficial website Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report amp oldid 1169839561, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
