The name Torngat is derived from an Inuktitut word meaning place of spirits, sometimes interpreted as place of evil spirits.[2]
Geography
The Torngat Mountains have a substantial geographical extent. About 56% of the range is located in Quebec, 44% is in Labrador, and the remainder, less than 1%, is located on Killiniq Island in Nunavut. At least 2% of the mountain chain is under water, and poorly surveyed. The Torngat Mountains cover 30,067 square kilometres (11,609 sq mi), including lowland areas and extend over 300 km (186 mi) from Cape Chidley in the north to Hebron Fjord in the south. The Torngat Mountains have the highest peaks of eastern continental Canada.
The highest point is Mount Caubvick (also known as Mont D'Iberville) at 1,652 m (5,420 ft). There are no trees in the Torngat Mountains because the mountains lie in an arctic tundra climate and are therefore above the tree line.
Permafrost is continuous on the Quebec side of the border, and it is extensive but discontinuous on the eastern Atlantic side. The terrain is over 300 m (984 ft) above sea level and is predominantly rocky desert.
However, the mountain-building or orogeny of the Torngats took place much more recently, and is characteristic of the folding and faulting that defines the series of geological events known as Arctic Cordillera.[5] This, according to some, makes the Torngats, as mountains, "distinct compared to the surrounding Precambrian Canadian Shield,"[6] though they are ultimately composed of shield rock. Evidence of this dramatic cordilleran folding and faulting characterizing the Torngat Mountains can be seen distinctly in rocks where the North American Craton long ago collided with the Nain Craton, later exposed in cross-section by glacial scouring, especially at Saglek Fjord.[7]
Glaciation
The ranges of the Torngat Mountains are separated by deep fjords and finger lakes surrounded by sheer rock walls. The fjords were produced by glaciation. The Laurentide Ice Sheet covered most of the mountains at least once, however during the last ice age the coverage was more limited.
Currently, there are over 100 active small mountain glaciers in the Torngat Mountains with a total of about 195 ice masses in the region.[8][9]
Ecology
Torngat Mountain tundra
Torngat Mountains and Nachvak Fjord
Location of the Torngat Mountain tundra ecoregion in North America
The Torngat Mountain tundra is characterized by sparse cover of arctic sedges, grass, lichen, and moss. Patches of mixed arctic evergreen and deciduous shrubs can be found on sheltered south-facing slopes, increasing in prevalence as one moves south.[10]
Fauna
The tundra provides seasonal habitat for caribou, polar bears, and the only tundra-dwelling black bears in the world. In addition, the coastal area of this ecoregion lies along the Atlantic migratory flyway.[10]
Conservation
The Torngat Mountains National Park Reserve was announced on 1 December 2005. It aims to protect wildlife (caribou, polar bears, peregrine falcon and golden eagle among others), while offering wilderness-oriented recreational activities.[11]
In popular culture
In the CBC Series Geological Journey the Torngat mountains are featured.[1] Notably, a billion-year-old coal seam (based on algae, not peat swamps) was discovered in the Torngat mountains on the Newfoundland Coast as part of the filming of the series.
Backcountry Magazine ran a feature story written by Drew Pogge in 2009 on steep skiing in the Torngat Mountains, notably first descents in Nachvak and Saglek fjords, as well as on the Caubvick massif.
^Park Wardens - Arctic Cordillera 2008-02-17 at the Wayback Machine
^ ab. Parks Canada. Archived from the original on 2007-10-22. Retrieved 2009-01-10.
^(PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-02-16. Retrieved 2007-12-27.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
^Nick Eyles and Andrew Miall, Canada Rocks: The Geologic Journey (Markham, Ont., Fitzhenry & Whiteside: 2007) pp. 66–67.
^Nick Eyles and Andrew Miall, Canada Rocks: The Geologic Journey (Markham, Ont., Fitzhenry & Whiteside: 2007)
^Exhumation of the Torngat Mountains, Northern Labrador, Canada 2008-08-28 at the Wayback Machine, J. P. Centeno, D. F. Stockli, J. Gosse.
^Nick Eyles and Andrew Miall, Canada Rocks: The Geologic Journey (Markham, Ont., Fitzhenry & Whiteside: 2007) p. 100.
^R.Way (2013). The Glaciers of the Torngat Mountains of northern Labrador. Memorial University of Newfoundland. MSc Thesis, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador.
^"An inventory and topographic analysis of glaciers in the Torngat Mountains, northern Labrador, Canada". Journal of Glaciology. Retrieved 2014-10-31.
^ abc. World Wildlife Fund. Archived from the original on 2020-08-11. Retrieved 2020-11-13.
^. Parks Canada. Archived from the original on 2007-10-22. Retrieved 2008-06-17.
Further reading
Ives, J. D. 1957. "Glaciation of the Torngat Mountains, Northern Labrador". Arctic. 10, no. 2: 67–87.
Kobalenko, Jerry. 2007. "Ghost Coast - Kayaking the Foreboding Fiords of Torngat Mountains National Park". Canadian Geographic. 127, no. 3: 38.
Schaefer, James A, and Stuard N Luttich. 1998. "Articles - Movements and Activity of Caribou, Rangifer Tarandus Caribou, of the Torngat Mountains, Northern Labrador and Quebec". The Canadian Field-Naturalist. 112, no. 3: 486.
Way, R.G., Bell, T. and Barrand, N.E. 2014. "An inventory and topographic analysis of glaciers in the Torngat Mountains, northern Labrador, Canada". Journal of Glaciology. 60, no. 223: 945–956.
Perkins, Robert "Against Straight Lines/Alone in Labrador" 1983 Perkins sets off on a journey in 1979 to remote Labrador crossing the Torngat Mountains from Atlantic Ocean to Ungavava Bay.
External links
Torngat Mountains
Great photos of the mountain range
Tales from the Torngats, August 2004
Alexander Forbes Collection: Aerial photo survey of Labrador from 1931, 1932, and 1935 expeditions - University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Libraries Digital Collections
Torngat Mountains: Canada's newest national park
January 07, 2023
torngat, mountains, torngat, redirects, here, montreal, band, torngat, band, electoral, district, electoral, district, mountain, range, labrador, peninsula, northern, newfoundland, labrador, eastern, quebec, they, part, arctic, cordillera, mountains, form, pen. Torngat redirects here For the Montreal band see Torngat band For the electoral district see Torngat Mountains electoral district The Torngat Mountains are a mountain range on the Labrador Peninsula at the northern tip of Newfoundland and Labrador and eastern Quebec They are part of the Arctic Cordillera 1 The mountains form a peninsula that separates Ungava Bay from the Atlantic Ocean Torngat MountainsFolded rocks of the Torngat MountainsHighest pointPeakMount Caubvick Mont D Iberville Elevation1 652 m 5 420 ft Coordinates58 53 01 N 63 42 57 W 58 88361 N 63 71583 W 58 88361 63 71583DimensionsArea30 067 km2 11 609 sq mi GeographyCountryCanadaProvincesLabrador and QuebecRange coordinates59 25 N 64 30 W 59 417 N 64 500 W 59 417 64 500 Coordinates 59 25 N 64 30 W 59 417 N 64 500 W 59 417 64 500Parent rangeArctic Cordillera Contents 1 Etymology 2 Geography 3 Geology 4 Glaciation 5 Ecology 5 1 Flora 5 2 Fauna 6 Conservation 7 In popular culture 8 See also 9 References 10 Further reading 11 External linksEtymology EditThe name Torngat is derived from an Inuktitut word meaning place of spirits sometimes interpreted as place of evil spirits 2 Geography EditThe Torngat Mountains have a substantial geographical extent About 56 of the range is located in Quebec 44 is in Labrador and the remainder less than 1 is located on Killiniq Island in Nunavut At least 2 of the mountain chain is under water and poorly surveyed The Torngat Mountains cover 30 067 square kilometres 11 609 sq mi including lowland areas and extend over 300 km 186 mi from Cape Chidley in the north to Hebron Fjord in the south The Torngat Mountains have the highest peaks of eastern continental Canada The highest point is Mount Caubvick also known as Mont D Iberville at 1 652 m 5 420 ft There are no trees in the Torngat Mountains because the mountains lie in an arctic tundra climate and are therefore above the tree line Permafrost is continuous on the Quebec side of the border and it is extensive but discontinuous on the eastern Atlantic side The terrain is over 300 m 984 ft above sea level and is predominantly rocky desert Highest Peaks of the Torngat Mountains Rank Name m ft1 Mount Caubvick 1652 54202 Torngarsoak Mountain 1595 52323 Cirque Mountain 1568 51444 Peak 5100 24I 16 1554 5100 5 Peak 5074 1547 50746 Mount Erhart 1539 50497 Jens Haven 1531 50238 Peak 5000 24P 01 1524 5000 9 Peak 5000 24I 16 1524 5000 10 Innuit Mountain 1509 4951Geology Edit Aerial view of Four Peaks region of Torngat Mountains Precambrian gneisses that comprise the Torngat Mountains are among the oldest on Earth and have been dated at roughly 3 6 to 3 9 billion years old 2 Geologists recognize the gneisses of the Torngats as a part of the Canadian Shield or Laurentian Upland 3 which composing the very old North American Craton split from the continent of Rodinia roughly 750 million years ago to form the geologic core of North America 4 However the mountain building or orogeny of the Torngats took place much more recently and is characteristic of the folding and faulting that defines the series of geological events known as Arctic Cordillera 5 This according to some makes the Torngats as mountains distinct compared to the surrounding Precambrian Canadian Shield 6 though they are ultimately composed of shield rock Evidence of this dramatic cordilleran folding and faulting characterizing the Torngat Mountains can be seen distinctly in rocks where the North American Craton long ago collided with the Nain Craton later exposed in cross section by glacial scouring especially at Saglek Fjord 7 Glaciation EditThe ranges of the Torngat Mountains are separated by deep fjords and finger lakes surrounded by sheer rock walls The fjords were produced by glaciation The Laurentide Ice Sheet covered most of the mountains at least once however during the last ice age the coverage was more limited Currently there are over 100 active small mountain glaciers in the Torngat Mountains with a total of about 195 ice masses in the region 8 9 Ecology EditTorngat Mountain tundra Torngat Mountains and Nachvak Fjord Location of the Torngat Mountain tundra ecoregion in North AmericaEcologyRealmNearcticBiomeTundraBordersEastern Canadian Shield taigaMiddle Arctic tundraGeographyArea32 375 km2 12 500 sq mi CountryCanadaProvincesNewfoundland and LabradorQuebecConservationConservation statusRelatively Stable Intact 10 Flora Edit The Torngat Mountain tundra is characterized by sparse cover of arctic sedges grass lichen and moss Patches of mixed arctic evergreen and deciduous shrubs can be found on sheltered south facing slopes increasing in prevalence as one moves south 10 Fauna Edit The tundra provides seasonal habitat for caribou polar bears and the only tundra dwelling black bears in the world In addition the coastal area of this ecoregion lies along the Atlantic migratory flyway 10 Conservation EditThe Torngat Mountains National Park Reserve was announced on 1 December 2005 It aims to protect wildlife caribou polar bears peregrine falcon and golden eagle among others while offering wilderness oriented recreational activities 11 In popular culture EditIn the CBC Series Geological Journey the Torngat mountains are featured 1 Notably a billion year old coal seam based on algae not peat swamps was discovered in the Torngat mountains on the Newfoundland Coast as part of the filming of the series Backcountry Magazine ran a feature story written by Drew Pogge in 2009 on steep skiing in the Torngat Mountains notably first descents in Nachvak and Saglek fjords as well as on the Caubvick massif See also EditList of ecoregions in Canada WWF Torngat Mountains National Park Kuururjuaq National ParkReferences Edit Park Wardens Arctic Cordillera Archived 2008 02 17 at the Wayback Machine a b Torngat Mountains National Park Reserve Parks Canada Archived from the original on 2007 10 22 Retrieved 2009 01 10 Archived copy PDF Archived from the original PDF on 2008 02 16 Retrieved 2007 12 27 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint archived copy as title link Nick Eyles and Andrew Miall Canada Rocks The Geologic Journey Markham Ont Fitzhenry amp Whiteside 2007 pp 66 67 Nick Eyles and Andrew Miall Canada Rocks The Geologic Journey Markham Ont Fitzhenry amp Whiteside 2007 Exhumation of the Torngat Mountains Northern Labrador Canada Archived 2008 08 28 at the Wayback Machine J P Centeno D F Stockli J Gosse Nick Eyles and Andrew Miall Canada Rocks The Geologic Journey Markham Ont Fitzhenry amp Whiteside 2007 p 100 R Way 2013 The Glaciers of the Torngat Mountains of northern Labrador Memorial University of Newfoundland MSc Thesis St John s Newfoundland and Labrador An inventory and topographic analysis of glaciers in the Torngat Mountains northern Labrador Canada Journal of Glaciology Retrieved 2014 10 31 a b c Torngat Mountain tundra Ecoregions WWF World Wildlife Fund Archived from the original on 2020 08 11 Retrieved 2020 11 13 Torngat Mountains National Park Reserve Parks Canada Archived from the original on 2007 10 22 Retrieved 2008 06 17 Further reading EditIves J D 1957 Glaciation of the Torngat Mountains Northern Labrador Arctic 10 no 2 67 87 Kobalenko Jerry 2007 Ghost Coast Kayaking the Foreboding Fiords of Torngat Mountains National Park Canadian Geographic 127 no 3 38 Schaefer James A and Stuard N Luttich 1998 Articles Movements and Activity of Caribou Rangifer Tarandus Caribou of the Torngat Mountains Northern Labrador and Quebec The Canadian Field Naturalist 112 no 3 486 Way R G Bell T and Barrand N E 2014 An inventory and topographic analysis of glaciers in the Torngat Mountains northern Labrador Canada Journal of Glaciology 60 no 223 945 956 Perkins Robert Against Straight Lines Alone in Labrador 1983 Perkins sets off on a journey in 1979 to remote Labrador crossing the Torngat Mountains from Atlantic Ocean to Ungavava Bay External links EditTorngat Mountains Great photos of the mountain range Statistics Canada Principal heights by range or region Tales from the Torngats August 2004 Alexander Forbes Collection Aerial photo survey of Labrador from 1931 1932 and 1935 expeditions University of Wisconsin Milwaukee Libraries Digital Collections Torngat Mountains Canada s newest national park Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Torngat Mountains amp oldid 1121643659, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
