Parts of this article (those related to the formation of the Taoudenit Region) need to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.(January 2016)
Tombouctou Region or Timbuktu Region (Bambara: ߕߎߡߎߕߎ ߘߌߣߋߖߊ, Tumutu Dineja) is one of the administrative regions of Mali. For administrative purposes, the region is subdivided into five cercles.
Tombouctou Region is world-famous for its capital, the ancient city Timbuktu (French: Tombouctou), synonymous to 19th-century Europeans with an elusive, hard-to-reach destination. The city gained fame in 1390 when its ruler, Mansa Musa, went on a pilgrimage to Mecca, stopping with his entourage in Egypt and dispensing enough gold to devalue the Egyptian currency. This started the legend of a city in the interior of Africa, where roads were said to be paved with gold and buildings topped with roofs of gold.[citation needed]
This section needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.(September 2014)
The city is located at the southern edge of the Sahara, near the Niger River, which has headwaters in the highlands very near the Atlantic coast before its long 3,200 kilometres (2,000 mi) journey to the north east, before finally turning south to reach the Atlantic. The riches of the kingdom were due to Tombouctou's position as the southern terminus of the trans-Saharan trade in gold, salt, kola nuts, copper and slaves.
Timbuktu's decline began with the capture of the city by Morocco in 1592. Many Islamic scholars were dispersed, some to Morocco. Morocco had difficulty holding onto the city, as the supply lines were long compared to the closer kingdoms vying for dominance of the region. Furthermore, the Moroccans did not establish a proper means of which to govern Timbuktu, and their other holdings along the Niger bend. Ultimately, however, it was the rise of sea trade along the West Africa coast that doomed the overland routes that connected North Africa to sub-Saharan Africa. The city lost its economic base and its fine university was not enough to save Timbuktu from decline.
Cut off from major trade routes, the city retained an aura of spectacular treasure. When French explorers rediscovered the city in 1815 they were disappointed to find a sand-blown city of low mud buildings.
The region was marginalized under French colonial control, which ended in 1960. The French opened up shorter trade routes to the Atlantic, cutting into the trans-Sahara trading economy and people in the city.
In early 2012, the National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad and other militant groups opposed to the government of Mali swept through the region, entering Timbuktu without a fight after making a deal with local Arab militias. On 6 April 2012, the region was declared independent from Mali as part of the new country of Azawad. However, Mali refused to acknowledge the Azawadi Declaration of Independence, and the international community continues to recognise Bamako's claim to the region.
The larger parts of Timbuktu and Goundam cercles (323,326 km² with about 134,000 inhabitants) were separated in 2016 to form the new Taoudenit Region.[7]
^"Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org. Retrieved 2018-09-13.
^(PDF) (in French), Ministère de l'Administration Territoriales et des Collectivités Locales, République du Mali, 1999, archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-03-09.
^(PDF) (in French), Ministère de l’administration territoriale et des collectivités locales, République du Mali, archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-03-09.
^Figures for Tumbuktu Cercle before separation of the new Taoudenit Region
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tombouctou Region.
"Tombouctou, Mali : Image of the Day". earthobservatory.nasa.gov. 11 October 2009. Retrieved 2009-10-11.
January 01, 1970
tombouctou, region, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, septemb. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Tombouctou Region news newspapers books scholar JSTOR September 2008 Learn how and when to remove this message Parts of this article those related to the formation of the Taoudenit Region need to be updated Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information January 2016 Tombouctou Region or Timbuktu Region Bambara ߕߎߡߎߕߎ ߘߌߣߋߖߊ Tumutu Dineja is one of the administrative regions of Mali For administrative purposes the region is subdivided into five cercles Tombouctou RegionRegionLocation within MaliCoordinates 21 8 45 N 4 1 15 W 21 14583 N 4 02083 W 21 14583 4 02083Country MaliCapitalTimbuktuArea 1 Total56 435 km2 21 790 sq mi Population 2022 census 2 Total975 139 Density17 km2 45 sq mi Time zoneUTC 0 UTC HDI 2017 0 309 3 low The region is part of northern Mali that was separated and declared independent by the National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad MNLA during the Tuareg rebellion of 2012 In the course of the conflict the MNLA lost control of the territory to Islamist militias Tombouctou Region is world famous for its capital the ancient city Timbuktu French Tombouctou synonymous to 19th century Europeans with an elusive hard to reach destination The city gained fame in 1390 when its ruler Mansa Musa went on a pilgrimage to Mecca stopping with his entourage in Egypt and dispensing enough gold to devalue the Egyptian currency This started the legend of a city in the interior of Africa where roads were said to be paved with gold and buildings topped with roofs of gold citation needed Contents 1 History 2 Administrative subdivisions 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksHistory editThis section needs to be updated Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information September 2014 The city is located at the southern edge of the Sahara near the Niger River which has headwaters in the highlands very near the Atlantic coast before its long 3 200 kilometres 2 000 mi journey to the north east before finally turning south to reach the Atlantic The riches of the kingdom were due to Tombouctou s position as the southern terminus of the trans Saharan trade in gold salt kola nuts copper and slaves Timbuktu s decline began with the capture of the city by Morocco in 1592 Many Islamic scholars were dispersed some to Morocco Morocco had difficulty holding onto the city as the supply lines were long compared to the closer kingdoms vying for dominance of the region Furthermore the Moroccans did not establish a proper means of which to govern Timbuktu and their other holdings along the Niger bend Ultimately however it was the rise of sea trade along the West Africa coast that doomed the overland routes that connected North Africa to sub Saharan Africa The city lost its economic base and its fine university was not enough to save Timbuktu from decline Cut off from major trade routes the city retained an aura of spectacular treasure When French explorers rediscovered the city in 1815 they were disappointed to find a sand blown city of low mud buildings The region was marginalized under French colonial control which ended in 1960 The French opened up shorter trade routes to the Atlantic cutting into the trans Sahara trading economy and people in the city In early 2012 the National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad and other militant groups opposed to the government of Mali swept through the region entering Timbuktu without a fight after making a deal with local Arab militias On 6 April 2012 the region was declared independent from Mali as part of the new country of Azawad However Mali refused to acknowledge the Azawadi Declaration of Independence and the international community continues to recognise Bamako s claim to the region nbsp Cercles of the Tombouctou Region prior to the formation of the Taoudenit RegionAdministrative subdivisions editThe region is divided into five cercles 4 5 Cercle name Area km2 PopulationCensus 1998 PopulationCensus 2009 Niafunke 12 000 119 900 184 285 Dire 1 750 76 960 111 324 Goundam 92 688 113 897 150 150 Tombouctou 6 347 488 68 228 124 546 Gourma Rharous 45 000 63 634 111 386 The larger parts of Timbuktu and Goundam cercles 323 326 km with about 134 000 inhabitants were separated in 2016 to form the new Taoudenit Region 7 See also editRegions of Mali Cercles of MaliReferences edit Synthese des 108 Plans Communaux Securite Alimentaire de la Region de Tombouctou 2006 2010 PDF in French Commissariat a la Securite Alimentaire Republique du Mali USAID Mali 2006 archived from the original PDF on 2012 05 19 Regions of Mali retrieved 2024 01 16 Sub national HDI Area Database Global Data Lab hdi globaldatalab org Retrieved 2018 09 13 Loi N 99 035 du 10 Aout 1999 Portant Creation des Collectivites Territoriales de Cercles et de Regions PDF in French Ministere de l Administration Territoriales et des Collectivites Locales Republique du Mali 1999 archived from the original PDF on 2012 03 09 Communes de la Region de Tombouctou PDF in French Ministere de l administration territoriale et des collectivites locales Republique du Mali archived from the original PDF on 2012 03 09 Figures for Tumbuktu Cercle before separation of the new Taoudenit Region Mali Taoudeni contree historique 21 02 2017 Maliactu net accessed 5 November 2022External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tombouctou Region Tombouctou Mali Image of the Day earthobservatory nasa gov 11 October 2009 Retrieved 2009 10 11 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Tombouctou Region amp oldid 1196155426, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
