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Timeline of Māori battles

January 01, 1970

This timeline sets out intertribal battles involving Māori people in what is now New Zealand.

Pre-colonial time (c. 1350 to 1839) edit

16th century edit

  • Ngāti Hotu suffered a major defeat at the battle of Pukekaikiore ('hill of the meal of rats') to the southwest of Lake Taupō where Ngāti Tūwharetoa devastated them, causing the few survivors to flee.
  • The battle of the five forts at Kakahi: The Ngāti Hotu set up a ring of five forts around Kakahi which the Whanganui Māori attacked and took one by one until finally the last two, Otutaarua and Arikipakewa, fell. The final, brutal episode of the battle was played out on the flats between Kakahi and the Whanganui river.

17th century edit

  • 1642, Dec: Four of Tasman's crew are killed at Wharewharangi (Murderers) Bay by a Ngāti Tūmatakōkiri war party. Tasman's ships are approached by 11 waka as he leaves and his ships fire on them, hitting a Māori standing in one of the waka.[1] Tasman's ships depart without landing. The Dutch chart the west of the North Island.

18th century edit

  • c. 1741, Te-Rangi-hinganga-tahi ("the day when all fell together"), also known as The Battle of Paruroa. The battle near Parau in the lower Waitākere Ranges, where paramount chief of Waiohua, Kiwi Tāmaki, was defeated by the Te Taoū hapū of Ngāti Whātua, led by Waha-akiaki, Tūperiri and Waitaheke. This battle signified the end of Waiohua hegemony in the Auckland isthmus.[2]
  • c. 1740s: the final major battle between Ngāti Whātua and Waiohua at Māngere Mountain. The few regrouped Waiohua forces, led by Mahitokotoko and Mahikourona, scattered shells around the base of the pā on top of Māngere Mountain, to warn the warriors of any invading forces. A Ngāti Whātua war party led by Tūperiri attacked the pā by stealth, by placing tōpuni (dog skin cloaks) on top, to muffle the sounds of the shells.[3] After the battle, Tūperiri began to settle central Tāmaki Makaurau, leading to the birth of Ngāti Whātua-o-Ōrākei.[3] The names Te Ara Tōpuni or Te Ara Pūeru ("the road of cloaks") can refer to this battle, or describe the site on Māngere Mountain where the battle occurred.[4]
  • 1772, 12 Jun: Marion du Fresne is killed at Tacoury's Cove, Bay of Islands by local Māori.[5]
  • 1773, 18 Dec: A skirmish at Grass Cove in Queen Charlotte Sound results in the deaths of two Māori and nine members of Cook's expedition.
  • c. 1790s: The Battle of Hingakaka (sometimes Hiringakaka) was fought between two Māori armies, an allied southern North Island army and a Tainui alliance army, near Ōhaupō in the Waikato in the late 18th or early 19th centuries, and was reputedly "the largest battle ever fought on New Zealand soil".[6] - So many chiefs died in the battle that it is known as Hingakaka (the fall of parrots).
  • Late 1700s: Tūhuru, chief of Ngāti Waewae (a hapu of Ngāi Tahu) defeats Ngāti Wairangi in a battle at Kōtukuwhakaoho (Stillwater, West Coast), securing Ngāi Tahu control over pounamu on the West Coast.[7][8]

19th century pre 1839 edit

Post-colonial time (1839-1872) edit

19th century post 1839 edit

References edit

  1. ^ The Prow :The first meeting - Abel Tasman and Māori in Golden Bay
  2. ^ "The Muddy Creeks Plan - a Local Area Plan for Parau, Laingholm, Woodlands Park and Waimā" (PDF). Auckland Council. 13 February 2014. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
  3. ^ a b Blair, Ngarimu (2 June 2021). "Statement of evidence of Ngarimu Alan Huiroa Blair on behalf of the plaintiff" (PDF). Ngāti Whātua-o-Ōrākei. Retrieved 24 September 2021.
  4. ^ Ballara, Angela (2003). Taua: 'musket wars', 'land wars' or tikanga? : warfare in Maori society in the early nineteenth century. Auckland: Penguin. ISBN 9780143018896.
  5. ^ Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
  6. ^ The Oxford companion to New Zealand military history. page 653
  7. ^ Tumahai, Francois; Wallace, Susan (20 July 2011). "Cultural Impact Assessment of Hokitika Rimu Treetop Walk Māhinapua" (PDF). Department of Conservation. Retrieved 18 September 2021.
  8. ^ a b Tumahai, Francois; Wallace, Susan (20 July 2011). "Te Rūnanga o Ngāti Waewae". Ngāi Tahu. Retrieved 24 September 2021.
  9. ^ Climates of War.p32. Edmund Bohan. Hazard Press. 2005.
  10. ^ Musket Wars. R.D. Crosby. Reed. 1999.p33
  11. ^ Tumahai, Francois; Wallace, Susan (20 July 2011). "Cultural Impact Assessment of Hokitika Rimu Treetop Walk Māhinapua" (PDF). Department of Conservation. Retrieved 18 September 2021.
  12. ^ Mitchell, Hillary (10 February 2015). "Te Tau Ihu". Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 15 September 2016.
  13. ^ Dawber, Carol; Win, Cheryl (March 2008). Between the ports : Collingwood to Waitapu. Dunedin: River Press. p. 33. ISBN 978-0-9582779-1-4.
  14. ^ Mitchell, John; Mitchell, Hilary (April 2020). "Ngāti Tūmatakōkiri". The Prow: Ngā Kōrero o te Tau Ihu. Retrieved 18 September 2021.
  15. ^ Smith, S. Percy (10 February 2015). "HISTORY AND TRADITIONS OF THE MAORIS OF THE WEST COAST, NORTH ISLAND OF NEW ZEALAND, PRIOR TO 1840". New Zealand Electronic Text Collection. Retrieved 15 September 2016.
  16. ^ Cowan, James (1922). "Volume I: 1845–1864". The New Zealand Wars: a history of the Maori campaigns and the pioneering period. Wellington: R.E. Owen. pp. 73–144.
  17. ^ Belich, James (1986). The New Zealand Wars. Auckland: Penguin. pp. 142–157. ISBN 0-14-027504-5.

January 01, 1970
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This timeline sets out intertribal battles involving Maori people in what is now New Zealand Contents 1 Pre colonial time c 1350 to 1839 1 1 16th century 1 2 17th century 1 3 18th century 1 4 19th century pre 1839 2 Post colonial time 1839 1872 2 1 19th century post 1839 3 ReferencesPre colonial time c 1350 to 1839 edit16th century edit Ngati Hotu suffered a major defeat at the battle of Pukekaikiore hill of the meal of rats to the southwest of Lake Taupō where Ngati Tuwharetoa devastated them causing the few survivors to flee The battle of the five forts at Kakahi The Ngati Hotu set up a ring of five forts around Kakahi which the Whanganui Maori attacked and took one by one until finally the last two Otutaarua and Arikipakewa fell The final brutal episode of the battle was played out on the flats between Kakahi and the Whanganui river 17th century edit 1642 Dec Four of Tasman s crew are killed at Wharewharangi Murderers Bay by a Ngati Tumatakōkiri war party Tasman s ships are approached by 11 waka as he leaves and his ships fire on them hitting a Maori standing in one of the waka 1 Tasman s ships depart without landing The Dutch chart the west of the North Island 18th century edit c 1741 Te Rangi hinganga tahi the day when all fell together also known as The Battle of Paruroa The battle near Parau in the lower Waitakere Ranges where paramount chief of Waiohua Kiwi Tamaki was defeated by the Te Taou hapu of Ngati Whatua led by Waha akiaki Tuperiri and Waitaheke This battle signified the end of Waiohua hegemony in the Auckland isthmus 2 c 1740s the final major battle between Ngati Whatua and Waiohua at Mangere Mountain The few regrouped Waiohua forces led by Mahitokotoko and Mahikourona scattered shells around the base of the pa on top of Mangere Mountain to warn the warriors of any invading forces A Ngati Whatua war party led by Tuperiri attacked the pa by stealth by placing tōpuni dog skin cloaks on top to muffle the sounds of the shells 3 After the battle Tuperiri began to settle central Tamaki Makaurau leading to the birth of Ngati Whatua o Ōrakei 3 The names Te Ara Tōpuni or Te Ara Pueru the road of cloaks can refer to this battle or describe the site on Mangere Mountain where the battle occurred 4 1772 12 Jun Marion du Fresne is killed at Tacoury s Cove Bay of Islands by local Maori 5 1773 18 Dec A skirmish at Grass Cove in Queen Charlotte Sound results in the deaths of two Maori and nine members of Cook s expedition c 1790s The Battle of Hingakaka sometimes Hiringakaka was fought between two Maori armies an allied southern North Island army and a Tainui alliance army near Ōhaupō in the Waikato in the late 18th or early 19th centuries and was reputedly the largest battle ever fought on New Zealand soil 6 So many chiefs died in the battle that it is known as Hingakaka the fall of parrots Late 1700s Tuhuru chief of Ngati Waewae a hapu of Ngai Tahu defeats Ngati Wairangi in a battle at Kōtukuwhakaoho Stillwater West Coast securing Ngai Tahu control over pounamu on the West Coast 7 8 19th century pre 1839 edit 1807 1845 The Musket Wars were a series of three thousand 9 or more battles and raids fought in New Zealand and the Chatham Islands amongst Maori between 1807 and 1845 10 after Maori obtained muskets 1807 or 1808 Ngapuhi fight Ngati Whatua Te Uri o Hau and Te Roroa iwi at the battle of Moremonui on the west coast of Northland the first battle in which Maori used muskets 1821 Battle of Okoki with Potatau Te Wherowhero Te Hiakai was shot in the battle 1825 The battle of Te Ika a ranganui between Ngapuhi and hapu against Ngatiwhatua resident occupiers of the land fought upon It was a battle of Utu c 1810s Ngai Tahu defeats Ngati Tumatakōkiri in a battle at Kōtukuwhakaoho Stillwater West Coast 11 8 12 13 at which Tuhuru chief of Ngati Waewae kills the paramount chiefs of Ngati Tumatakōkiri Te Pau and Te Kokihi leaving Ngati Tumatakōkiri lands in the north west South Island to be divided between Ngai Tahu Ngati Apa and Ngati Kuia 14 15 Post colonial time 1839 1872 edit19th century post 1839 edit New Zealand Wars 1842 Jun 17 Wairau Affray 1845 Mar 11 Flagstaff War The Battle of Ohaeawai was fought between British forces and local Maori during the Flagstaff War in July 1845 at Ohaeawai 16 c 1846 May Hutt Valley Campaign 1846 Aug 6 13 Battle of Battle Hill British troops local militia and kupapa pursued a Ngati Toa force led by chief Te Rangihaeata through steep and dense bushland 1857 Apr 16 Wanganui Campaign 1860 Mar to 1861 Mar First Taranaki War 1863 Jul to 1864 Apr Invasion of the Waikato 1863 Nov 20 21 The Battle of Rangiriri was a major engagement in the invasion of Waikato More than 1400 British troops defeated about 500 warriors of the Kingitanga Maori King Movement 17 1864 War in the Waikato ends with battle of Ōrakau 1864 The Ohura Fight of 1864 This was probably the last purely Maori apart from European organisation in New Zealand The Journal of the Polynesian Society Vol 35 1864 Apr 29 Tauranga Campaign 1863 May 4 Second Taranaki War 1865 April to 1866 Oct East Cape War 1868 Jun to 1869 Mar Titokowaru s War 1868 Jul to 1872 May Te Kooti s WarReferences edit The Prow The first meeting Abel Tasman and Maori in Golden Bay The Muddy Creeks Plan a Local Area Plan for Parau Laingholm Woodlands Park and Waima PDF Auckland Council 13 February 2014 Retrieved 28 June 2021 a b Blair Ngarimu 2 June 2021 Statement of evidence of Ngarimu Alan Huiroa Blair on behalf of the plaintiff PDF Ngati Whatua o Ōrakei Retrieved 24 September 2021 Ballara Angela 2003 Taua musket wars land wars or tikanga warfare in Maori society in the early nineteenth century Auckland Penguin ISBN 9780143018896 Te Ara The Encyclopedia of New Zealand The Oxford companion to New Zealand military history page 653 Tumahai Francois Wallace Susan 20 July 2011 Cultural Impact Assessment of Hokitika Rimu Treetop Walk Mahinapua PDF Department of Conservation Retrieved 18 September 2021 a b Tumahai Francois Wallace Susan 20 July 2011 Te Runanga o Ngati Waewae Ngai Tahu Retrieved 24 September 2021 Climates of War p32 Edmund Bohan Hazard Press 2005 Musket Wars R D Crosby Reed 1999 p33 Tumahai Francois Wallace Susan 20 July 2011 Cultural Impact Assessment of Hokitika Rimu Treetop Walk Mahinapua PDF Department of Conservation Retrieved 18 September 2021 Mitchell Hillary 10 February 2015 Te Tau Ihu Te Ara The Encyclopedia of New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Retrieved 15 September 2016 Dawber Carol Win Cheryl March 2008 Between the ports Collingwood to Waitapu Dunedin River Press p 33 ISBN 978 0 9582779 1 4 Mitchell John Mitchell Hilary April 2020 Ngati Tumatakōkiri The Prow Nga Kōrero o te Tau Ihu Retrieved 18 September 2021 Smith S Percy 10 February 2015 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS OF THE MAORIS OF THE WEST COAST NORTH ISLAND OF NEW ZEALAND PRIOR TO 1840 New Zealand Electronic Text Collection Retrieved 15 September 2016 Cowan James 1922 Volume I 1845 1864 The New Zealand Wars a history of the Maori campaigns and the pioneering period Wellington R E Owen pp 73 144 Belich James 1986 The New Zealand Wars Auckland Penguin pp 142 157 ISBN 0 14 027504 5 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Timeline of Maori battles amp oldid 1190657961, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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