Amauropelta noveboracensis, the New York fern,[3] is a perennial species of fern found throughout the eastern United States and Canada, from Louisiana to Newfoundland, but most concentrated within Appalachia and the Atlantic Northeast. New York ferns often forms spreading colonies within the forests they inhabit.
Aspidium thelypteris var. noveboracense (L.) Alph.Wood
Dryopteris noveboracensis (L.) Gray
Filix noveboracensis (L.) Farw.
Filix-mas noveboracensis (L.) Farw.
Lastrea noveboracensis (L.) C.Presl
Nephrodium novaeboracense (L.) Desv.
Nephrodium thelypteroides Michx.
Parathelypteris noveboracensis (L.) Ching
Polypodium alleganum Poir.
Polypodium noveboracense L.
Thelypteris noveboracensis (L.) Nieuwl.
Thelypteris thelypteroides (Michx.) Holub
Descriptionedit
This fern grows in clumps of three or more fronds[4] along a dark brown, slightly scaly rhizome. The frond is held on a stipe which is 20% of the length of the leaf[5] and brown at the base but becoming green as it approaches the leaflets. The stipe is typically covered in brown scales at the base and finely hairy farther up. The leaf is overall 8–25 inches (20–64 cm) long, yellow-green, rather soft and thin in texture, and tapers at either end with the lowest 4-10 leaflets being generally smaller than those above.[6] The leaf is divided into approximately 20 pinnae or leaflets, these leaflets are deeply cut into smaller, oblong and rounded subleaflets. It produces both fertile and sterile fronds—the fertile fronds are larger and more upright, and produce a few small, round sori near the margins, but not touching the margins, of the pinnae. These sori are covered by a tan, hairy, kidney-shaped indusium.[4]
It is distinctive by its pinnae tapering to the base of the frond, and by its forming extensive clonal colonies on ridgetops and mountain benches.[5] The only other native species in this area with similarly tapering pinnae is the ostrich fern, which generally grows in riparian habitats and is much taller (up to 1.5 m or 4.9 ft).[4] The only other species that forms as extensive clonal colonies is the hay-scented fern. Unlike the hay-scented fern, New York fern grows along a dark brown, slightly scaly trailing rhizomes, for comparison, hay-scented fern grows along a smooth rhizome with only one frond arising at a node.[4] Hay-scented fern also has leaflets which are much more finely cut or jagged on the edges whereas New York fern typically has smooth rounded edges to its leaflets.
Showing leaflet structure
Showing the colonial habit
Ecologyedit
New York fern is common in sunny patches caused by canopy gaps in mixed woodlands, near vernal seeps, at the edge of swamps, in wooded ravines, and along streams. Once soil pH levels decline below 4.1, this fern can become a dominant understory species. In such situations, it may out-compete the seedlings of certain tree species, some of which are commercially important. The seedlings of Prunus serotina are especially vulnerable, as the fern releases an allelopathicphenol which can kill them.
This fern is a wetland indicator, and an endangered species in Illinois.
Referencesedit
^"NatureServe Explorer 2.0 - Thelypteris noveboracensis New York Fern". explorer.natureserve.org. Retrieved 9 October 2020.
^ abHassler, Michael (July 2, 2022). "Amauropelta noveobracensis". Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World. 13.2. Retrieved 2022-07-19.
^USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Thelypteris noveboracensis". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 9 December 2015.
^ abcdCobb, Boughton (1956). A field guide to ferns and their related families of Northeastern and Central North America: with a section on species also found in the British Isles and Western Europe. Illustrated by Laura Louise Foster (1st ed.). Boston: Houghton Mifflin. ISBN0-395-19431-8.
^ abRhoads, Ann; Block, Timothy (2007-09-05). The Plants of Pennsylvania (2 ed.). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN978-0-8122-4003-0.
^Smith, Alan R. (1993). "Thelypteris noveboracensis". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). Vol. 2. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press. Retrieved 26 June 2016 – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
Snyder, S. A. (1993). "Thelypteris noveboracensis". Fire Effects Information System (FEIS). US Department of Agriculture (USDA), Forest Service (USFS), Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory.
Boughton, Cobb; Lowe, Cheryl; Farnsworth, Elizabeth (2005). Ferns of Northeastern and Central North America (2nd ed.). New York: Houghton Mifflin.
April 11, 2024
amauropelta, noveboracensis, york, fern, perennial, species, fern, found, throughout, eastern, united, states, canada, from, louisiana, newfoundland, most, concentrated, within, appalachia, atlantic, northeast, york, ferns, often, forms, spreading, colonies, w. Amauropelta noveboracensis the New York fern 3 is a perennial species of fern found throughout the eastern United States and Canada from Louisiana to Newfoundland but most concentrated within Appalachia and the Atlantic Northeast New York ferns often forms spreading colonies within the forests they inhabit Amauropelta noveboracensisConservation statusSecure NatureServe 1 Scientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesDivision PolypodiophytaClass PolypodiopsidaOrder PolypodialesSuborder AspleniineaeFamily ThelypteridaceaeGenus AmauropeltaSpecies A noveboracensisBinomial nameAmauropelta noveboracensis L S E Fawc amp A R Sm 2 Range of New York fern via USDASynonyms 2 Aspidium noveboracense L Schrad Aspidium thelypteris var noveboracense L Alph WoodDryopteris noveboracensis L GrayFilix noveboracensis L Farw Filix mas noveboracensis L Farw Lastrea noveboracensis L C PreslNephrodium novaeboracense L Desv Nephrodium thelypteroides Michx Parathelypteris noveboracensis L ChingPolypodium alleganum Poir Polypodium noveboracense L Thelypteris noveboracensis L Nieuwl Thelypteris thelypteroides Michx HolubDescription editThis fern grows in clumps of three or more fronds 4 along a dark brown slightly scaly rhizome The frond is held on a stipe which is 20 of the length of the leaf 5 and brown at the base but becoming green as it approaches the leaflets The stipe is typically covered in brown scales at the base and finely hairy farther up The leaf is overall 8 25 inches 20 64 cm long yellow green rather soft and thin in texture and tapers at either end with the lowest 4 10 leaflets being generally smaller than those above 6 The leaf is divided into approximately 20 pinnae or leaflets these leaflets are deeply cut into smaller oblong and rounded subleaflets It produces both fertile and sterile fronds the fertile fronds are larger and more upright and produce a few small round sori near the margins but not touching the margins of the pinnae These sori are covered by a tan hairy kidney shaped indusium 4 It is distinctive by its pinnae tapering to the base of the frond and by its forming extensive clonal colonies on ridgetops and mountain benches 5 The only other native species in this area with similarly tapering pinnae is the ostrich fern which generally grows in riparian habitats and is much taller up to 1 5 m or 4 9 ft 4 The only other species that forms as extensive clonal colonies is the hay scented fern Unlike the hay scented fern New York fern grows along a dark brown slightly scaly trailing rhizomes for comparison hay scented fern grows along a smooth rhizome with only one frond arising at a node 4 Hay scented fern also has leaflets which are much more finely cut or jagged on the edges whereas New York fern typically has smooth rounded edges to its leaflets nbsp Showing leaflet structure nbsp Showing the colonial habitEcology editNew York fern is common in sunny patches caused by canopy gaps in mixed woodlands near vernal seeps at the edge of swamps in wooded ravines and along streams Once soil pH levels decline below 4 1 this fern can become a dominant understory species In such situations it may out compete the seedlings of certain tree species some of which are commercially important The seedlings of Prunus serotina are especially vulnerable as the fern releases an allelopathic phenol which can kill them This fern is a wetland indicator and an endangered species in Illinois References edit NatureServe Explorer 2 0 Thelypteris noveboracensis New York Fern explorer natureserve org Retrieved 9 October 2020 a b Hassler Michael July 2 2022 Amauropelta noveobracensis Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World 13 2 Retrieved 2022 07 19 USDA NRCS n d Thelypteris noveboracensis The PLANTS Database plants usda gov Greensboro North Carolina National Plant Data Team Retrieved 9 December 2015 a b c d Cobb Boughton 1956 A field guide to ferns and their related families of Northeastern and Central North America with a section on species also found in the British Isles and Western Europe Illustrated by Laura Louise Foster 1st ed Boston Houghton Mifflin ISBN 0 395 19431 8 a b Rhoads Ann Block Timothy 2007 09 05 The Plants of Pennsylvania 2 ed Philadelphia University of Pennsylvania Press ISBN 978 0 8122 4003 0 Smith Alan R 1993 Thelypteris noveboracensis In Flora of North America Editorial Committee ed Flora of North America North of Mexico FNA Vol 2 New York and Oxford Oxford University Press Retrieved 26 June 2016 via eFloras org Missouri Botanical Garden St Louis MO amp Harvard University Herbaria Cambridge MA Snyder S A 1993 Thelypteris noveboracensis Fire Effects Information System FEIS US Department of Agriculture USDA Forest Service USFS Rocky Mountain Research Station Fire Sciences Laboratory Boughton Cobb Lowe Cheryl Farnsworth Elizabeth 2005 Ferns of Northeastern and Central North America 2nd ed New York Houghton Mifflin Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Amauropelta noveboracensis amp oldid 1099247866, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
