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The Estates

September 28, 2023

For other uses, see Estate (disambiguation).

The Estates, also known as the States (French: États, German: Landstände, Dutch: Staten), was the assembly of the representatives of the estates of the realm, the divisions of society in feudal times, called together for purposes of deliberation, legislation or taxation. A meeting of the estates that covered an entire kingdom was called an estates general.

Overview Edit

The first estate was the clergy, the second the nobility and the third the commoners, although actual membership in the third estate varied from country to country.[1] Bourgeoisie, peasants and people with no estate from birth were separated in Sweden and Finland as late as 1905.

Representation through estates was the norm in Europe until the advent of popular representation beginning with the French Revolution.[2] The Estates General of France were convoked only twice between 1614 and 1789, both times during the Fronde (1648–53), and in neither case did they actually meet. At the final meeting of the Estates in 1789, they voted to join in a single National Assembly, generally seen as marking the start of the French Revolution.[1] Estates continued to meet in Navarre until 1828, in Hungary until 1848, in Sweden until 1866, and in the Duchy of Mecklenburg until 1918.[2]

In some countries, the parliament kept the same name when its feudal organization was replaced with a more modern kind of representation, like census or universal suffrage. In Sweden, the Riksdag of the Estates was replaced with the Riksdag in 1866.

List of estates Edit

References Edit

  1. ^ a b Gordon Griffiths, "Estates-general", in Hans J. Hillebrand (ed.), The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Reformation (Oxford University Press, 2005 [1996]). Retrieved 29 December 2017.
  2. ^ a b "Estate or (Latin) status or (Dutch) staat or (French) état or (German) Stand or (Italian) stato," in Gordon Campbell (ed.), The Oxford Dictionary of the Renaissance (Oxford University Press, 2005 [2003]). Retrieved 29 December 2017.

September 28, 2023
estates, other, uses, estate, disambiguation, also, known, states, french, États, german, landstände, dutch, staten, assembly, representatives, estates, realm, divisions, society, feudal, times, called, together, purposes, deliberation, legislation, taxation, . For other uses see Estate disambiguation The Estates also known as the States French Etats German Landstande Dutch Staten was the assembly of the representatives of the estates of the realm the divisions of society in feudal times called together for purposes of deliberation legislation or taxation A meeting of the estates that covered an entire kingdom was called an estates general Overview EditThe first estate was the clergy the second the nobility and the third the commoners although actual membership in the third estate varied from country to country 1 Bourgeoisie peasants and people with no estate from birth were separated in Sweden and Finland as late as 1905 Representation through estates was the norm in Europe until the advent of popular representation beginning with the French Revolution 2 The Estates General of France were convoked only twice between 1614 and 1789 both times during the Fronde 1648 53 and in neither case did they actually meet At the final meeting of the Estates in 1789 they voted to join in a single National Assembly generally seen as marking the start of the French Revolution 1 Estates continued to meet in Navarre until 1828 in Hungary until 1848 in Sweden until 1866 and in the Duchy of Mecklenburg until 1918 2 In some countries the parliament kept the same name when its feudal organization was replaced with a more modern kind of representation like census or universal suffrage In Sweden the Riksdag of the Estates was replaced with the Riksdag in 1866 List of estates EditConvention of the Estates of Scotland Convention of Estates 1689 Council of States Switzerland Estates of the Netherlands Antilles Estates of Aruba Estates of Curacao Estates of Sint Maarten Estates General France Estates of Navarre Landstande the territorial estates within the Holy Roman Empire Estates of Wurttemberg Parliament of Scotland a meeting of the three estates of the realm Riksdag of the Estates the former diet of Sweden Stamenti the former parliament of Sardinia States of Alderney States of Guernsey States of Election States of Jersey States General of the Batavian Republic States General of the Netherlands States Provincial France Estates of Bearn Estates of Brittany Estates of Burgundy Estates of Languedoc States Provincial Netherlands States of Brabant States of Drenthe States of Flanders States of Flevoland States of Friesland States of Gelderland States of Groningen States of Holland and West Friesland States of Limburg States of North Brabant States of North Holland States of Overijssel States of South Holland States of Utrecht States of Zeeland Zemsky SoborReferences Edit a b Gordon Griffiths Estates general in Hans J Hillebrand ed The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Reformation Oxford University Press 2005 1996 Retrieved 29 December 2017 a b Estate or Latin status or Dutch staat or French etat or German Stand or Italian stato in Gordon Campbell ed The Oxford Dictionary of the Renaissance Oxford University Press 2005 2003 Retrieved 29 December 2017 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title The Estates amp oldid 1168938554, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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