The Cordillera de Talamanca is a mountain range that lies in the southeast half of Costa Rica and the far west of Panama. Much of the range and the area around it is included in La Amistad International Park, which also is shared between the two countries.
This range in the south of Costa Rica stretches from southwest of San José to beyond the border with Panama and contains the highest peaks of both Costa Rica and Panama, among them Cerro Chirripó at 3,820 metres (12,530 ft),[1] and the more accessible high peak of Cerro de la Muerte. Much of the Caribbean areas of the range are still unexplored.
The range is covered by the Talamancan montane forests to elevations of approximately 3,000 metres (9,800 ft). Much of it is covered by rainforests. Above elevations of 1,800 metres (5,900 ft) these are dominated by huge oak trees (Quercus costaricensis). Above 3,000 metres (9,800 ft), the forests transition to enclaves of sub-páramo, a sort of shrub and dwarf bamboo Chusquea dominated scrub, above 3,400 metres (11,200 ft) this becomes Costa Rican páramo, a tropical alpine grassland. The sub-páramo and páramo vegetation are subject to regular frosts at night, temperatures above 3,200 metres (10,500 ft) can reach 0 °C (32 °F) or below, the lowest recorded temperature was −9 °C (16 °F) at the Mount Chirripó base camp (the second lowest ever recorded in Central America). The region has been extensively studied by paleolimnologists to reconstruct the changes in climate, vegetation and fire frequencies (see also Sally P Horn).
The range is of global importance as it is a centre of endemism for many plant and animal groups and as an important habitat for many large mammals (Baird's Tapir, Puma, Jaguar) and birds that are now threatened in much of their range. An intended hydroelectricity project threatens the existence of the Tabasara Rain Frogs.[2]
View of Cordillera de Talamanca range at Estación Biológica Cuericí.
National parksedit
Several national parks and reservations are located in the Talamanca mountain range, including Chirripó National Park. The Cordillera de Talamanca and La Amistad national parks have been designated by UNESCO a World Heritage Site It is also the first binational biosphere reserve. The two parks comprise 2,400 square kilometres (930 sq mi) of land and protect important ecosystems like paramo, and wetlands.
The highland paramo is located mainly in subalpine forests and thickets, located at an altitude between 3,100-3,300 m.a.s.l. and the alpine scrub and grasslands, located between 3,300-3,819 m.a.s.l.[3]
Peat bogs are wetlands located in topographic depressions, on poorly drained land and are periodically flooded.[4] In Costa Rica they are located in the low montane and high montane altitude zones. The flora is similar to the high elevation moors, including also oak trees (Quercus spp.), and Blechnum plants in association with bryophytes from the genus Sphagnum. Other common genus are Rubus, Pteridium and Comarostaphyllis. The El Empalme peat bog suffers greater pressure from agricultural activity and as altitude increases, there is an increase in floristic diversity.[5]
^Hutchison, Peter (2008), Costa Rica handbook: the travel guide, Footprint Handbooks, p. 421, ISBN1-903471-06-0
^. www.aljazeera.com. Archived from the original on 2012-04-11.
^Kappelle, M. & Horn, S.P. (2005). Páramos de Costa Rica. Editorial INBio, Santo Domingo.
^Kappelle, M. & Horn, S.P. (2016). The Páramo ecosystem of Costa Rica’s highlands. In: Kappelle, M. (Ed.). Costa Rican Ecosystems. University of Chicago Press: 492-523.
^González F., León Y., López-Estébanez N. (2021). Las Turberas de la Cordillera de Talamanca (Costa Rica): Diversidad Biológica y Gestión. En J.L. García (Ed.), Medio natural, biodiversidad y paisaje: XXVII Congreso de la Asociación Española de Geografía (633-650). Asociación Española de Geografía, AGE. https://xxviicongresodegeografia.es/wp-content/themes/genesis-sample/pdf/LIBRO_CONGRESO_1.pdf
External linksedit
Unesco World Heritage Convention: The Talamanca Range + La Amistad Reserves and National Park
December 20, 2023
cordillera, talamanca, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, marc. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Cordillera de Talamanca news newspapers books scholar JSTOR March 2011 Learn how and when to remove this template message The Cordillera de Talamanca is a mountain range that lies in the southeast half of Costa Rica and the far west of Panama Much of the range and the area around it is included in La Amistad International Park which also is shared between the two countries Talamanca Mountain RangeAerial view of the Cordillera de TalamancaHighest pointPeakCerro Chirripo Costa RicaElevation3 820 m 12 530 ft Coordinates09 29 02 7 N 83 29 19 2 W 9 484083 N 83 488667 W 9 484083 83 488667NamingNative nameCordillera de Talamanca Spanish GeographyCountriesCosta Rica and PanamaRange coordinates9 30 N 83 40 W 9 500 N 83 667 W 9 500 83 667This range in the south of Costa Rica stretches from southwest of San Jose to beyond the border with Panama and contains the highest peaks of both Costa Rica and Panama among them Cerro Chirripo at 3 820 metres 12 530 ft 1 and the more accessible high peak of Cerro de la Muerte Much of the Caribbean areas of the range are still unexplored Contents 1 Exploration and classification 2 National parks 3 Important elevations 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksExploration and classification editThe range is covered by the Talamancan montane forests to elevations of approximately 3 000 metres 9 800 ft Much of it is covered by rainforests Above elevations of 1 800 metres 5 900 ft these are dominated by huge oak trees Quercus costaricensis Above 3 000 metres 9 800 ft the forests transition to enclaves of sub paramo a sort of shrub and dwarf bamboo Chusquea dominated scrub above 3 400 metres 11 200 ft this becomes Costa Rican paramo a tropical alpine grassland The sub paramo and paramo vegetation are subject to regular frosts at night temperatures above 3 200 metres 10 500 ft can reach 0 C 32 F or below the lowest recorded temperature was 9 C 16 F at the Mount Chirripo base camp the second lowest ever recorded in Central America The region has been extensively studied by paleolimnologists to reconstruct the changes in climate vegetation and fire frequencies see also Sally P Horn The range is of global importance as it is a centre of endemism for many plant and animal groups and as an important habitat for many large mammals Baird s Tapir Puma Jaguar and birds that are now threatened in much of their range An intended hydroelectricity project threatens the existence of the Tabasara Rain Frogs 2 nbsp View of Cordillera de Talamanca range at Estacion Biologica Cuerici National parks editSeveral national parks and reservations are located in the Talamanca mountain range including Chirripo National Park The Cordillera de Talamanca and La Amistad national parks have been designated by UNESCO a World Heritage Site It is also the first binational biosphere reserve The two parks comprise 2 400 square kilometres 930 sq mi of land and protect important ecosystems like paramo and wetlands The highland paramo is located mainly in subalpine forests and thickets located at an altitude between 3 100 3 300 m a s l and the alpine scrub and grasslands located between 3 300 3 819 m a s l 3 Peat bogs are wetlands located in topographic depressions on poorly drained land and are periodically flooded 4 In Costa Rica they are located in the low montane and high montane altitude zones The flora is similar to the high elevation moors including also oak trees Quercus spp and Blechnum plants in association with bryophytes from the genus Sphagnum Other common genus are Rubus Pteridium and Comarostaphyllis The El Empalme peat bog suffers greater pressure from agricultural activity and as altitude increases there is an increase in floristic diversity 5 Important elevations editCerro Chirripo 3820 m Costa Rica Cerro Ventisqueros 3812 m Costa Rica Cerro Terbi 3760 m Costa Rica Cerro Uran 3660 m Costa Rica Cerro Kamuk 3554 m Costa Rica Cerro de la Muerte 3491 m Costa Rica Volcan Baru 3475 m Panama Cerro Fabrega 3335 m Panama Cerro Itamut 3293 m Panama Cerro Durika 3280 m Costa Rica Cerro Echandi 3162 m Costa Rica Panama See also editList of mountain rangesReferences edit nbsp This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Costa Rica Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 7 11th ed Cambridge University Press p 220 Hutchison Peter 2008 Costa Rica handbook the travel guide Footprint Handbooks p 421 ISBN 1 903471 06 0 Panama Village of the damned People amp Power Al Jazeera English www aljazeera com Archived from the original on 2012 04 11 Kappelle M amp Horn S P 2005 Paramos de Costa Rica Editorial INBio Santo Domingo Kappelle M amp Horn S P 2016 The Paramo ecosystem of Costa Rica s highlands In Kappelle M Ed Costa Rican Ecosystems University of Chicago Press 492 523 Gonzalez F Leon Y Lopez Estebanez N 2021 Las Turberas de la Cordillera de Talamanca Costa Rica Diversidad Biologica y Gestion En J L Garcia Ed Medio natural biodiversidad y paisaje XXVII Congreso de la Asociacion Espanola de Geografia 633 650 Asociacion Espanola de Geografia AGE https xxviicongresodegeografia es wp content themes genesis sample pdf LIBRO CONGRESO 1 pdfExternal links editUnesco World Heritage Convention The Talamanca Range La Amistad Reserves and National Park Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Cordillera de Talamanca amp oldid 1167735322, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
