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The Alaotra grebe (Tachybaptus rufolavatus), also known as Delacour's little grebe or rusty grebe, is a recently extinctgrebe that was endemic to Lake Alaotra and its surrounding lakes in Madagascar. Experts say that the grebe became extinct after carnivorous fish were introduced into its native habitat.
The grebe was about 25 cm (9.8 in) long.[2] Its ability to fly long distances was restricted because of its small wings.[3] It exhibited no marked sexual dimorphism, although males were slightly larger than females.[4]
Dietedit
The Alaotra grebe fed mostly on fish, although insects were found in the stomachs of a few specimens.[5] Its hefty bill was considered typical of a piscivorous grebe.[5]
Breedingedit
The breeding behavior of the Alaotra grebe was largely undocumented. Because little and Alaotra grebes were able to successfully pair off, it is suspected that courtship and pair formation took place in December, while most breeding activity took place between January and March.[5] However, based on some observations of older juveniles with their mothers in late May and early June 1929, it is suspected that some egg laying must have occurred in April to June.[5] Otherwise, the behavior of this grebe is undescribed, although it is suspected to have behaved similarly to the closely related little grebe.[5]
Extinctionedit
The species declined in the course of the 20th century, mainly because of habitat destruction, entanglement with monofilament gillnets and predation by the introduced blotched snakehead (Channa maculata).[6] Also, the few remaining birds increasingly hybridized with little grebes; as the species differed in several key aspects, the hybrid birds may have suffered from decreased fitness, to the detriment of the rufolavatusgene pool.[7][8]
The Madagascar pochard, which also lived on Lake Alaotra, was thought to be extinct but was rediscovered in 2006.[9] Unlike this species, however, the grebe had poor powers of dispersal and was never found elsewhere.[8]
The last sighting (which may have been a hybrid with the little grebe) was in 1985 and the species was declared extinct in 2010.[10][11] Only one photograph of the species is known to exist.[3][11][12] Although some species have been classified as extinct and later have been found to still exist, Leon Bennun, the director of the conservation organization BirdLife International has stated that "no hope remains for this species" and blames the "unforeseen consequences" of human action.[12]
This extinction brought the number of confirmed bird extinctions since 1600 AD to 162. The previous declaration of a bird species as extinct was that of the Liverpool pigeon (Caloenas maculata) in 2008.[3] However, that was more a problem of taxonomic recognition as that species was last recorded alive in the late 18th or early 19th century.[3]
Distribution and habitatedit
"This aquatic species exhibited endemism to the island of Madagascar, exclusively inhabiting the environs of Lake Alaotra and adjacent water bodies. Notably, this grebe displayed a marked preference for the reed beds and papyrus clusters in the vicinity of the lake, which served as its primary nesting habitat."[13]
Galleryedit
An artist's reconstruction.
See alsoedit
Atitlán grebe, extinct since 1989 for similar reasons
^BirdLife International (2016). "Tachybaptus rufolavatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22696558A93570744. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22696558A93570744.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
^Endangered Wildlife and Plants of the World. Marshall Cavendish Corporation. 2001. p. 649. ISBN978-0-7614-7194-3.
^ abcdWalker, Matt (26 May 2010). "Bird conservation: Alaotra grebe confirmed extinct". BBC News. Retrieved 26 May 2010.
^Voous, K. H.; Payne, H. A.W. (1966). (PDF). Ostrich. 37 (sup1): 507. doi:10.1080/00306525.1966.9639828. ISSN 0030-6525. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-04-19. Retrieved 2023-02-19.
^ abFuller, Errol (2013). Lost Animals: Extinction and the Photographic Record. London, UK: Bloomsbury. p. 31. ISBN978-1-4081-7215-5.
^"Madagascar's Rediscovery" (PDF). BirdLife International. October 2006.
^BirdLife International (2010) Species factsheet: Tachybaptus rufolavatus. Downloaded from . Archived from the original on 2007-07-10. Retrieved 2013-08-07. on 26 May 2010
^ abBirdLife International (2010). Wetland aliens cause bird extinction.
^ abElliott, Valerie (26 May 2010). "Alaotra grebe declared extinct after struggle against carnivorous fish". The Times. Retrieved 26 May 2010.
Safford, Roger (2013), "Alaotra Grebe Tachybaptus rufolavatus", in Safford, Roger; Hawkins, Frank (eds.), The Birds of Africa, vol. VIII: The Malagasy Region, London: Christopher Helm, pp. 110–111
January 01, 1970
alaotra, grebe, help, expand, this, article, with, text, translated, from, corresponding, article, french, november, 2021, click, show, important, translation, instructions, machine, translation, like, deepl, google, translate, useful, starting, point, transla. You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in French November 2021 Click show for important translation instructions Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing French Wikipedia article at fr Grebe roussatre see its history for attribution You may also add the template Translated fr Grebe roussatre to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation The Alaotra grebe Tachybaptus rufolavatus also known as Delacour s little grebe or rusty grebe is a recently extinct grebe that was endemic to Lake Alaotra and its surrounding lakes in Madagascar Experts say that the grebe became extinct after carnivorous fish were introduced into its native habitat Alaotra grebe Conservation status Extinct 2010 IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class Aves Order Podicipediformes Family Podicipedidae Genus Tachybaptus Species T rufolavatus Binomial name Tachybaptus rufolavatus Delacour 1932 Alaotra grebe range Contents 1 Description 2 Diet 3 Breeding 4 Extinction 5 Distribution and habitat 6 Gallery 7 See also 8 References 8 1 Cited textsDescription editThe grebe was about 25 cm 9 8 in long 2 Its ability to fly long distances was restricted because of its small wings 3 It exhibited no marked sexual dimorphism although males were slightly larger than females 4 Diet editThe Alaotra grebe fed mostly on fish although insects were found in the stomachs of a few specimens 5 Its hefty bill was considered typical of a piscivorous grebe 5 Breeding editThe breeding behavior of the Alaotra grebe was largely undocumented Because little and Alaotra grebes were able to successfully pair off it is suspected that courtship and pair formation took place in December while most breeding activity took place between January and March 5 However based on some observations of older juveniles with their mothers in late May and early June 1929 it is suspected that some egg laying must have occurred in April to June 5 Otherwise the behavior of this grebe is undescribed although it is suspected to have behaved similarly to the closely related little grebe 5 Extinction editThe species declined in the course of the 20th century mainly because of habitat destruction entanglement with monofilament gillnets and predation by the introduced blotched snakehead Channa maculata 6 Also the few remaining birds increasingly hybridized with little grebes as the species differed in several key aspects the hybrid birds may have suffered from decreased fitness to the detriment of the rufolavatus gene pool 7 8 The Madagascar pochard which also lived on Lake Alaotra was thought to be extinct but was rediscovered in 2006 9 Unlike this species however the grebe had poor powers of dispersal and was never found elsewhere 8 The last sighting which may have been a hybrid with the little grebe was in 1985 and the species was declared extinct in 2010 10 11 Only one photograph of the species is known to exist 3 11 12 Although some species have been classified as extinct and later have been found to still exist Leon Bennun the director of the conservation organization BirdLife International has stated that no hope remains for this species and blames the unforeseen consequences of human action 12 This extinction brought the number of confirmed bird extinctions since 1600 AD to 162 The previous declaration of a bird species as extinct was that of the Liverpool pigeon Caloenas maculata in 2008 3 However that was more a problem of taxonomic recognition as that species was last recorded alive in the late 18th or early 19th century 3 Distribution and habitat edit This aquatic species exhibited endemism to the island of Madagascar exclusively inhabiting the environs of Lake Alaotra and adjacent water bodies Notably this grebe displayed a marked preference for the reed beds and papyrus clusters in the vicinity of the lake which served as its primary nesting habitat 13 Gallery edit nbsp An artist s reconstruction See also editAtitlan grebe extinct since 1989 for similar reasons Endemic birds of Madagascar and western Indian Ocean islandsReferences edit BirdLife International 2016 Tachybaptus rufolavatus IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 e T22696558A93570744 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2016 3 RLTS T22696558A93570744 en Retrieved 19 November 2021 Endangered Wildlife and Plants of the World Marshall Cavendish Corporation 2001 p 649 ISBN 978 0 7614 7194 3 a b c d Walker Matt 26 May 2010 Bird conservation Alaotra grebe confirmed extinct BBC News Retrieved 26 May 2010 Voous K H Payne H A W 1966 The Grebes of Madagascar PDF Ostrich 37 sup1 507 doi 10 1080 00306525 1966 9639828 ISSN 0030 6525 Archived from the original PDF on 2012 04 19 Retrieved 2023 02 19 a b c d e Safford 2013 p 111 Andrianandrasana Herizo T Randriamahefasoa Jonah Durbin Joanna Lewis Richard E Ratsimbazafy Jonah H 2005 Participatory ecological monitoring of the Alaotra wetlands in Madagascar Biodiversity and Conservation 14 11 2757 2774 CiteSeerX 10 1 1 613 9156 doi 10 1007 s10531 005 8413 y S2CID 1063617 Madagascar Environment Profile a b Fuller Errol 2013 Lost Animals Extinction and the Photographic Record London UK Bloomsbury p 31 ISBN 978 1 4081 7215 5 Madagascar s Rediscovery PDF BirdLife International October 2006 BirdLife International 2010 Species factsheet Tachybaptus rufolavatus Downloaded from BirdLife Partnership for nature and people Archived from the original on 2007 07 10 Retrieved 2013 08 07 on 26 May 2010 a b BirdLife International 2010 Wetland aliens cause bird extinction a b Elliott Valerie 26 May 2010 Alaotra grebe declared extinct after struggle against carnivorous fish The Times Retrieved 26 May 2010 redlist assesment about the bird Cited texts edit Safford Roger 2013 Alaotra Grebe Tachybaptus rufolavatus in Safford Roger Hawkins Frank eds The Birds of Africa vol VIII The Malagasy Region London Christopher Helm pp 110 111 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Alaotra grebe amp oldid 1200661789, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
