Syodon (from Greek: kleio, "close, shut" and Greek: odon, "tooth", "closed-root tooth")[1] is an extinct genus of dinocephaliantherapsids that lived approximately 267-260 million years ago during the middle Permian period of the Paleozoic era. These therapsids, discovered in Russia[2] were initially believed to be true mammals. Syodon was first named by Stephan Kutorga in 1838.[3] The fossils of these synapsids were first discovered in the Molotov Province region of Russia in limestone beds with a high content of copper. However, scientists believe that these organisms likely come from higher rock beds due to increased specializations in their morphology.[4]
The name Syodon is derived from Greek meaning pig's tooth. This name likely stemmed from the protruding canines similar to that of the lower canines of a wild boar.
Dietedit
Syodon is characterized as a carnivore, likely feeding on small-bodied prey. They lack the ‘expansion of supraorbital bones over the orbits, which would act as a stress sink’ in certain hypercarniverous species such as thalattosuchianDakosaurus. This thickened supraorbital regions also found in large theropods would have alleviated cranial stress used for feeding on large prey.[5] Since this adaption is not found in Syodon it is thought they were limited to small animals and prey which they could easily consume with their limited jaw architecture.
Paleobiologyedit
Left lateral view of the Syodon skull
Syodon is characterized by possessing "bulbous" post-canines featuring significant wear facets in adults, whereas juveniles tend to have ‘bladelike’ post canines. The canine of Syodon is highly distinctive and allows it to be distinguished easily. They also possess a large, strongly curved ‘hook-like canine. Syodon also feature a set of smaller, replacement teeth out-of-place from the main palatine tooth row.[6]
The snout of Syodon is relatively long narrow compared to the rest of the body. The snout comprises approximately 1/4 the length of the skill. These synapsids reached 1.2 m (4 ft) in length.[7]
^Kutorga, S. S. 1838. Beitrag zur Kenntniss der organischen U ̈ berreste des Kupfersandsteins am Westlichen Abhange des Urals. St Petersburg. Gretsch, 38 pp.
^Olson, Everett C. "Catalogue of Localities of Permian and Triassic Terrestrial Vertebrates of the Territories of the USSR." The Journal of Geology 65.2 (1957): 196-226.
^Young, M. T., Brusatte, S. L., Ruta, M. & Andrade, M. B. 2010. The evolution of Metriorhynchoidea (Mesoeu- crocodylia, Thalattosuchia): an integrated approach using geometric morphometrics, analysis of disparity, and biome- chanics. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 158, 801–859.
^Kammerer, Christian F. "Systematics of the Anteosauria (Therapsida: Dinocephalia)." Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 9.2 (2011): 261-304.
^. Palaeocritti. Archived from the original on 18 March 2016.
External linksedit
. Paleofile. Archived from the original on April 14, 2023.
January 01, 1970
syodon, from, greek, kleio, close, shut, greek, odon, tooth, closed, root, tooth, extinct, genus, dinocephalian, therapsids, that, lived, approximately, million, years, during, middle, permian, period, paleozoic, these, therapsids, discovered, russia, were, in. Syodon from Greek kleio close shut and Greek odon tooth closed root tooth 1 is an extinct genus of dinocephalian therapsids that lived approximately 267 260 million years ago during the middle Permian period of the Paleozoic era These therapsids discovered in Russia 2 were initially believed to be true mammals Syodon was first named by Stephan Kutorga in 1838 3 The fossils of these synapsids were first discovered in the Molotov Province region of Russia in limestone beds with a high content of copper However scientists believe that these organisms likely come from higher rock beds due to increased specializations in their morphology 4 SyodonTemporal range Middle Permian 267 260 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Clade Synapsida Clade Therapsida Suborder Dinocephalia Family Anteosauridae Genus SyodonKutorga 1838 Species S biarmicum Binomial name Syodon biarmicumKutorga 1838 Contents 1 Etymology 2 Diet 3 Paleobiology 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksEtymology editThe name Syodon is derived from Greek meaning pig s tooth This name likely stemmed from the protruding canines similar to that of the lower canines of a wild boar Diet editSyodon is characterized as a carnivore likely feeding on small bodied prey They lack the expansion of supraorbital bones over the orbits which would act as a stress sink in certain hypercarniverous species such as thalattosuchian Dakosaurus This thickened supraorbital regions also found in large theropods would have alleviated cranial stress used for feeding on large prey 5 Since this adaption is not found in Syodon it is thought they were limited to small animals and prey which they could easily consume with their limited jaw architecture Paleobiology edit nbsp Left lateral view of the Syodon skull Syodon is characterized by possessing bulbous post canines featuring significant wear facets in adults whereas juveniles tend to have bladelike post canines The canine of Syodon is highly distinctive and allows it to be distinguished easily They also possess a large strongly curved hook like canine Syodon also feature a set of smaller replacement teeth out of place from the main palatine tooth row 6 The snout of Syodon is relatively long narrow compared to the rest of the body The snout comprises approximately 1 4 the length of the skill These synapsids reached 1 2 m 4 ft in length 7 See also editList of therapsids Archaeosyodon MicrosyodonReferences edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Syodon Syodon Paleofile Archived from the original on April 14 2023 Palaeos Vertebrates Therapsida Anteosauridae Kutorga S S 1838 Beitrag zur Kenntniss der organischen U berreste des Kupfersandsteins am Westlichen Abhange des Urals St Petersburg Gretsch 38 pp Olson Everett C Catalogue of Localities of Permian and Triassic Terrestrial Vertebrates of the Territories of the USSR The Journal of Geology 65 2 1957 196 226 Young M T Brusatte S L Ruta M amp Andrade M B 2010 The evolution of Metriorhynchoidea Mesoeu crocodylia Thalattosuchia an integrated approach using geometric morphometrics analysis of disparity and biome chanics Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 158 801 859 Kammerer Christian F Systematics of the Anteosauria Therapsida Dinocephalia Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 9 2 2011 261 304 Syodon biarmicum Palaeocritti a guide to prehistoric animals Palaeocritti Archived from the original on 18 March 2016 External links edit Syodon Paleofile Archived from the original on April 14 2023 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Syodon amp oldid 1209466483, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
