Symmorphus bifasciatus, the willow mason-wasp, is a species of potter wasp, from the subfamily Eumeninae of the social wasp family Vespidae which is widely distributed in the Palearctic region.
Symmorphus bifasciatus is one of the two small Symmorphus species found in Britain which have a transverse ridge along the front edge of the pronotum. It is distinguished from the other Symmorphus connexus by having denser punctures on the mesonotum, mesopleuron and frons, and because it normally shows yellow patches on the pronotum and scutellum. [4]
Distributionedit
Symmorphus bifasciatus is found from Great Britain, as far north as Highland in northern Scotland,[5] east to north eastern Siberia, Korea and Japan, south to Central Asia.[6]
Biologyedit
Symmorphus bifasciatus is a tube-nesting wasp, utilising existing cavities including the hollow stems of plants and the disused plant galls of Cynips kollari, where the female wasp constructs a number of cells, separated from each other by walls made of clay. S. bifasciatus hunts for the larvae of the leaf beetlePhyllodecta vulgatissima, which are immobilised by stinging and carried back to the nest by the mandibles and forelegs to supply the cells.[5] Once there is sufficient food in the cell, usually between 10 and 17 grubs which are tightly packed,[5] the female lays an egg in the cell.[7] The egg hatches in two or three days after laying, while the larvae mature in one or two weeks undergoing a probable five instars. Once the larve has finished feeding it may rest for around one day before it voids its gut contents towards the inner end of the cell and then spins a cocoon which it fixes to the base of the cell. The flight period is from May to October; but activity peaks between June and August, but they are especially active in July. Adults are known to feed on the nectar of figwort, Apiaceae and spurge.[5]
^Linnæus, C. (1761). "Insecta Hymenoptera. Vespa". Fauna Svecica sistens animalia Sveciæ Regni. Editio Altera, Auctior. Stockholmia: Laurentius Salvius. p. 419.
^"Symmorphus bifasciatus (Linnaeus, 1761)". National Biodiversity Network. Retrieved 13 April 2017.
^Li, Tingjing; Chen, Bin (2014). "The taxonomic accounts of the genus Symmorphus Wesmael (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae) from China, with descriptions of three new species". ZooKeys (389): 18–19. doi:10.3897/zookeys.389.7045. PMC3974429. PMID 24715771.
^"Symmorphus bifasciatus". Steven Falk. Retrieved 13 April 2017.
^ abcde"Symmorphus bifasciatus (Linnaeus,1761)". Bees Wasps & Ants Recording Society. 2016. Retrieved 13 April 2017.
^"Symmorphus bifasciatus". Encyclopedia of Life. Retrieved 13 April 2017.
^"Symmorphus bifasciatus (Linnaeus, 1761)". Eakring Birds. Trevor and Dilys Pendleton. Retrieved 13 April 2017.
December 18, 2023
symmorphus, bifasciatus, willow, mason, wasp, species, potter, wasp, from, subfamily, eumeninae, social, wasp, family, vespidae, which, widely, distributed, palearctic, region, scientific, classificationdomain, eukaryotakingdom, animaliaphylum, arthropodaclass. Symmorphus bifasciatus the willow mason wasp is a species of potter wasp from the subfamily Eumeninae of the social wasp family Vespidae which is widely distributed in the Palearctic region Symmorphus bifasciatusScientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ArthropodaClass InsectaOrder HymenopteraFamily VespidaeGenus SymmorphusSpecies S bifasciatusBinomial nameSymmorphus bifasciatus Linnaeus 1761 Synonyms 2 3 Vespa bifasciata Linnaeus 1761 1 Vespa sinuata Fabricius 1793Odynerus sinuatus var mutinensis Baldini 1894Symmorphus sparsus Morawitz 1895Symmorphus sinuatissimus Richards 1935Symmorphus mutinensis Baldini 1894 Symmorphus mutinensis auster Giordani Soika 1975Symmorphus mutinensis yezoanus Tsuneki 1977 Contents 1 Description 2 Distribution 3 Biology 4 ReferencesDescription editSymmorphus bifasciatus is one of the two small Symmorphus species found in Britain which have a transverse ridge along the front edge of the pronotum It is distinguished from the other Symmorphus connexus by having denser punctures on the mesonotum mesopleuron and frons and because it normally shows yellow patches on the pronotum and scutellum 4 Distribution editSymmorphus bifasciatus is found from Great Britain as far north as Highland in northern Scotland 5 east to north eastern Siberia Korea and Japan south to Central Asia 6 Biology editSymmorphus bifasciatus is a tube nesting wasp utilising existing cavities including the hollow stems of plants and the disused plant galls of Cynips kollari where the female wasp constructs a number of cells separated from each other by walls made of clay S bifasciatus hunts for the larvae of the leaf beetle Phyllodecta vulgatissima which are immobilised by stinging and carried back to the nest by the mandibles and forelegs to supply the cells 5 Once there is sufficient food in the cell usually between 10 and 17 grubs which are tightly packed 5 the female lays an egg in the cell 7 The egg hatches in two or three days after laying while the larvae mature in one or two weeks undergoing a probable five instars Once the larve has finished feeding it may rest for around one day before it voids its gut contents towards the inner end of the cell and then spins a cocoon which it fixes to the base of the cell The flight period is from May to October but activity peaks between June and August but they are especially active in July Adults are known to feed on the nectar of figwort Apiaceae and spurge 5 The cuckoo wasps Chrysis angustula and Chrysis ignita have been recorded as brood parasites of Symmorphus bifasciatus in Europe 5 References edit Linnaeus C 1761 Insecta Hymenoptera Vespa Fauna Svecica sistens animalia Sveciae Regni Editio Altera Auctior Stockholmia Laurentius Salvius p 419 Symmorphus bifasciatus Linnaeus 1761 National Biodiversity Network Retrieved 13 April 2017 Li Tingjing Chen Bin 2014 The taxonomic accounts of the genus Symmorphus Wesmael Hymenoptera Vespidae Eumeninae from China with descriptions of three new species ZooKeys 389 18 19 doi 10 3897 zookeys 389 7045 PMC 3974429 PMID 24715771 Symmorphus bifasciatus Steven Falk Retrieved 13 April 2017 a b c d e Symmorphus bifasciatus Linnaeus 1761 Bees Wasps amp Ants Recording Society 2016 Retrieved 13 April 2017 Symmorphus bifasciatus Encyclopedia of Life Retrieved 13 April 2017 Symmorphus bifasciatus Linnaeus 1761 Eakring Birds Trevor and Dilys Pendleton Retrieved 13 April 2017 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Symmorphus bifasciatus amp oldid 1190544986, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
