Leaves are alternate, entire, 2–5 cm in length, tapering at both ends. Flowers are small (5–8 mm), five-merous, with white petal-like sepals, and a superior ovary. They are arranged in short racemes, usually no more than 10 cm long, shorter in S. watsonii. The fruit is a capsule 5–8 mm in diameter: it contains small (2–3 mm) black seeds with a conspicuous reddish aril.
The genus has commonly been treated as belonging to the family Phytolaccaceae, but the APG system and APG II system, of 2003, regard it as the sole genus of its own family, the Stegnospermataceae and assign it to the order Caryophyllales in the clade core eudicots
Turner et al. suggest that S. halimifolium Bentham and S. watsonii D.J. Rogers are actually the same species, observing that specimens from the gulf coast of Sonora have intermediate characteristics. Whether one species or two, they are locally common all along the Gulf of California, where they are found on the coastal strand and some inland washes, always at low elevations (less than 600 m).
Anatomyedit
Stem and root anatomy was originally thought to be normal, but this was due to the small diameter of herbarium specimens examined by early researchers. Anomalous secondary thickening by successive cambia has been described in detail within mature stems and roots.[3][4][5]
Usesedit
In traditional medicine, curanderas use an extract of the root as a part of the treatment for rabies due to its emetic properties.[6] Jiménez-Estrada et al.[7] list Stegnosperma extract for treatment of headache, snakebite, and rabies. They provide an analysis of the antioxidant and antiproliferative activity of S. halimifolium.
Referencesedit
^Christenhusz, M. J. M. & Byng, J. W. (2016). "The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase". Phytotaxa. 261 (3). Magnolia Press: 201–217. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1.
^"Stegnosperma scandens (Lunan) Standl. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science".
^Horak, K. E. Anomalous Secondary Thickening in Stegnosperma. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, 1981, 108:189-209.
^Bedell, H. G. A taxonomic and morphological re-evaluation of Stegnospermaceae (Caryophyllales). Systematic Botany, 1980, 5:419-431.
^S. Carlquist. Wood and Stem Anatomy of Stegnosperma (Caryophyllales); Phylogenetic Relationships; Nature of Lateral Meristems and Successive Cambial Activity. JAWA Journal, 1999, 20(2):149—163.
^R. E. Dimayuga, R. F. Murillo, and M. L. Pantoja. Traditional Medicine of Baja California Sur (Mexico) II. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 1987, 20:209-222.
^ Manuel Jiménez-Estrada, Carlos Velázquez-Contreras, Adriana Garibay-Escobar, Davisela Sierras-Canchola, Ricardo Lapizco-Vázquez, Carolina Ortiz-Sandoval, Armando Burgos-Hernández and Ramón Enrique Robles-Zepeda. In vitro antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of plants of the ethnopharmacopeia from northwest of Mexico. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2013, 13:12. https://bmccomplementalternmed.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1472-6882-13-12
Raymond M. Turner, Janice E. Bowers, and Tony L. Burgess, Sonoran Desert Plants: an Ecological Atlas (Tucson: The University of Arizona Press, 1995) pp. 373–375
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Stegnosperma.
Stegnospermataceae in L. Watson and M.J. Dallwitz (1992 onwards). The families of flowering plants: descriptions, illustrations, identification, information retrieval. Version: 30 May 2006. http://delta-intkey.com
NCBI Taxonomy Browser
May 12, 2024
stegnosperma, genus, flowering, plants, consisting, three, species, woody, plants, native, caribbean, central, america, sonoran, desert, these, shrubs, lianas, with, anomalous, secondary, thickening, mature, stems, successive, cambia, cubense, scientific, clas. Stegnosperma is a genus of flowering plants consisting of three species 1 2 of woody plants native to the Caribbean Central America and the Sonoran Desert These are shrubs or lianas with anomalous secondary thickening in mature stems by successive cambia Stegnosperma Stegnosperma cubense Scientific classification Kingdom Plantae Clade Tracheophytes Clade Angiosperms Clade Eudicots Order Caryophyllales Family StegnospermataceaeNakai Genus StegnospermaBenth Species Stegnosperma cubense Cuban tangle Stegnosperma halimifolium Stegnosperma sanchezii Stegnosperma watsonii Contents 1 Characteristics 2 Anatomy 3 Uses 4 References 5 External linksCharacteristics editLeaves are alternate entire 2 5 cm in length tapering at both ends Flowers are small 5 8 mm five merous with white petal like sepals and a superior ovary They are arranged in short racemes usually no more than 10 cm long shorter in S watsonii The fruit is a capsule 5 8 mm in diameter it contains small 2 3 mm black seeds with a conspicuous reddish aril The genus has commonly been treated as belonging to the family Phytolaccaceae but the APG system and APG II system of 2003 regard it as the sole genus of its own family the Stegnospermataceae and assign it to the order Caryophyllales in the clade core eudicotsTurner et al suggest that S halimifolium Bentham and S watsonii D J Rogers are actually the same species observing that specimens from the gulf coast of Sonora have intermediate characteristics Whether one species or two they are locally common all along the Gulf of California where they are found on the coastal strand and some inland washes always at low elevations less than 600 m Anatomy editStem and root anatomy was originally thought to be normal but this was due to the small diameter of herbarium specimens examined by early researchers Anomalous secondary thickening by successive cambia has been described in detail within mature stems and roots 3 4 5 Uses editIn traditional medicine curanderas use an extract of the root as a part of the treatment for rabies due to its emetic properties 6 Jimenez Estrada et al 7 list Stegnosperma extract for treatment of headache snakebite and rabies They provide an analysis of the antioxidant and antiproliferative activity of S halimifolium References edit Christenhusz M J M amp Byng J W 2016 The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase Phytotaxa 261 3 Magnolia Press 201 217 doi 10 11646 phytotaxa 261 3 1 Stegnosperma scandens Lunan Standl Plants of the World Online Kew Science Horak K E Anomalous Secondary Thickening inStegnosperma Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 1981 108 189 209 Bedell H G A taxonomic and morphological re evaluation of Stegnospermaceae Caryophyllales Systematic Botany 1980 5 419 431 S Carlquist Wood and Stem Anatomy of Stegnosperma Caryophyllales Phylogenetic Relationships Nature of Lateral Meristems and Successive Cambial Activity JAWA Journal 1999 20 2 149 163 R E Dimayuga R F Murillo and M L Pantoja Traditional Medicine of Baja California Sur Mexico II Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1987 20 209 222 Manuel Jimenez Estrada Carlos Velazquez Contreras Adriana Garibay Escobar Davisela Sierras Canchola Ricardo Lapizco Vazquez Carolina Ortiz Sandoval Armando Burgos Hernandez and Ramon Enrique Robles Zepeda In vitro antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of plants of the ethnopharmacopeia from northwest of Mexico BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013 13 12 https bmccomplementalternmed biomedcentral com articles 10 1186 1472 6882 13 12 Raymond M Turner Janice E Bowers and Tony L Burgess Sonoran Desert Plants an Ecological Atlas Tucson The University of Arizona Press 1995 pp 373 375External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Stegnosperma Stegnospermataceae in L Watson and M J Dallwitz 1992 onwards The families of flowering plants descriptions illustrations identification information retrieval Version 30 May 2006 http delta intkey com NCBI Taxonomy Browser Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Stegnosperma amp oldid 1215990810, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
