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Stjepan Mitrov Ljubiša

Stjepan (modernist: Stefan) Mitrov Ljubiša (Serbian Cyrillic: Стјепан Митров Љубиша; 29 February 1824 – 11 November 1878), was a Serbian and Montenegrin writer and politician. He is famous for his unique short stories, generally ranked among the masterpieces of Serbian literature in its day. These stories are also a symbol of the Serbian rebirth, both for its patriotic message and because it was a fundamental milestone in the Serbian language reform.

Stjepan Mitrov Ljubiša
Portrait of Stjepan Mitrov Ljubiša
Born(1824-02-29)29 February 1824
Died11 November 1878(1878-11-11) (aged 54)
Occupation(s)writer, politician

Biography

Although born in the town of Budva, Austrian Empire, Ljubiša traced his ancestry to the hinterland and the Paštrovići clan.[1] One of his cousins was Visarion Ljubiša (1823–84), who later became the Metropolitan of the Montenegrin Orthodox Church from 1882 to 1884. His father Mitar (therefore the patronymic Mitrov) was a seaman whom he rarely saw and died when Stjepan was only 14 years old. His education, mostly in the Italian language, went irregularly since he had to work to help support his family from an early age. Therefore, Ljubiša became an autodidact, educating himself from the books he could find. But the love for national literature revealed itself through the writings of Vuk Karadžić, and his association with Vuk Vrčević, Karadžić's faithful collaborator.

When only 19, he was elected to the post of the secretary of the town of Budva. This job forced him into learning more on current laws and was soon considered by the plain folks to be a lawyer and was often approached as such. He started writing court records and even operated as a defender in the local court of law. This self-thought knowledge of his was then acknowledged by the authorities and without taking a judiciary exam he became a public notary.

In the revolutionary 1848, Ljubiša was an active member of the ad hoc assembly of Boka Kotorska in Prčanj and held a number of speeches against the Italian cultural dominance and for South-Slav unity.

In 1861 he was elected as the deputy of Boka in the Dalmatian parliament in Zadar and not long afterwards he was sent to the parliament in Vienna as an MP of the People's Party (then still gathering both Serbs and Croats).[2] From then on he was constantly re-elected to the parliaments in Vienna, and in Zadar. From 1870 to 1876, he was the president of the Dalmatian parliament.[3] In 1878, he was overthrown by the clerical Croat fraction in the National Party led by Mihovil Pavlinović. In his political efforts, he fought against the ethnic Italian domination in Dalmatian politics and culture, for the equality of religions and languages, for the emancipation of Serb populace in Dalmatia, the economic benefit of the province but also for the autonomy of Dalmatia and against the unification with Croatia-Slavonia.

Literary critic and historian Jovan Skerlić points out in his book that Ljubiša wrote: Izmeću Bara i Zadra bilo u izobraženoj vrsti samo sedam ljudi, koji nijesu bili izgubili svijest svog imena i porekla. "Between Bar and Zadar there were approximately only seven people, who had not lost track of their ancestral name and descent," demonstrating the extent of Italian influence on the Dalmatian and Montenegrin littoral.[4]

His literary work started in 1845 when, led by the ethnographical example of Vuk Karadžić's collaborator, Vuk Vrčević, who eventually became Ljubiša's friend. Ljubiša then went on to publish in "Serbian-Dalmatian Magazine" (Сербско-далматински магазин, Serbsko-dalmatinski magazin) notes on life and customs of his Paštrovići clan.[5] In 1868, he also published the first edition of Njegoš’s "Mountain Wreath" in Serbian Latin script. His first short story, Sćepan the Little (Шћепан Мали, Šćepan Mali), was published in 1868.[6] He sailed in literary waters more actively from 1870, continuing with short stories. All of them appeared in magazines and newspapers his only book being the 1875 "Montenegrin and Littoral Stories" (Приповијести црногорске и приморске, Pripovijesti crnogorske i primorske). In 1877, he started with publishing one hundred short stories named "The Storytelling of Vuk Dojčević" of which only 37 appeared, owing to his premature death. In 1878 "Serb Dawn" magazine (Српска зора, Srpska zora) in Vienna published his autobiography.[7]

Skerlić compared Ljubiša with his contemporaries, stating that "What Joksim Nović-Otočanin and Jovan Sundečić did for poetry, Ljubiša did for prose writing."[4]

Visiting Cetinje to attend the consecration of his cousin Visarion Ljubiša, who was being elevated to a Metropolitan bishop of the Serbian Orthodox Church, Ljubiša fell ill and on his return to Vienna died on 11 November 1878. His earthly remains were transferred to Budva in 1885.

His great-great-granddaughter is Marina Perazić, one of the most popular pop singers in the former Yugoslavia during the 1980s.[8]

Literary work

Coming from the rural background and treasuring all his life contacts with the peasants, Ljubiša wrote in excellent Serbian, which was his strongest source of inspiration. His stories are full with folklore elements, sayings, vivid characters that all showed the character of Serbian people in the Littoral. Comparing his inspiration, national orientation and closed relation with folklore he was dubbed "Njegoš in prose". Although he spent his life in the time of romanticism, his works have an intention of closer and more genuine representation of folk life and therefore Ljubiša is considered one of the first realists in Serb literature. His works remain popular to this very date.

His best known works are;

  • Boj na Visu
  • Šćepan Mali
  • Pripovijesti crnogorske i primorske (Dubrovnik, 1875; Belgrade, 1876)
  • The Sale of Patriarch Brkić (Prodaja partijare Brkića)
  • Kanjoš Macedonović
  • Jump Girl (Skočiđevojka)
  • Priest Andrović, the new Obilić (Pop Andrović, novi Obilić)
  • Stealing and Re-Stealing of the Bell (Krađa i prekrađa zvona)
  • Storytelling of Vuk Dojčević (Pričanja Vuka Dojčevića)

He is also recognized as an excellent translator of the works of Horace, Dante, and Ariosto.[citation needed]

Nationality

When in 1878 he was disposed and booed by the Croats in the Dalmatian parliament, he replied: "I know why you can’t stand me – because I’m a Serb by nationality and of Orthodox faith."[9]

Literature

S. M. Ljubiša, Pripovetke, Novi Sad – Beograd, 1957 Miroslav Luketić, Budva, Sveti Stefan, Petrovac, Budva – Cetinje 1966

References

  1. ^ Edwards, Lovett Fielding (1974). The Yugoslav Coast. Batsford. p. 258. ISBN 9780713428391.
  2. ^ Partington, Paul G. (1979). Who's who on the Postage Stamps of Eastern Europe. Scarecrow Press. p. 248. ISBN 9780810812666.
  3. ^ "Summary: MOTIFS OF SEA AND SEA - COAST IN THE WORKS OF STEFAN MITROV LJUBIŠA". Godisnjak Pomorskog muzeja u Kotoru. Pomorski muzej u Kotoru. 22: 92. 1974.
  4. ^ a b Jovan Skerlić, Istorija Nove Srpske Književnosti/History of New Serbian Literature (Belgrade, 1914, 1921), pages 326–330.
  5. ^ Đurić, Željko (2004). I mari di Niccolò Tommaseo e altri mari: atti del Convegno internazionale di Studi nel bicentennario [sic] della nascita di Niccolò Tommaseo, Zagabria, 4-5 ottobre 2002 (in Italian). FF Press. p. 405. ISBN 9789531752084.
  6. ^ Jugoslovenska proza. Savez književnika Jugoslavije. 1949. p. 713.
  7. ^ Pejović, Božidar (1977). Književno djelo Stefana Mitrova Ljubiše. Svjetlost. p. 219.
  8. ^ Popovic, A. (7 December 2009). Bila sam Majina žrtva!, Press.
  9. ^ Vuksanović-Puović, Milan (4 October 2001). "Istina o Srbima-katolicima iz Boke" [Truth about Catholic Serbs from Boka]. Glas Crnogorca. Podgorica.

External links

    stjepan, mitrov, ljubiša, this, name, that, follows, eastern, slavic, naming, conventions, patronymic, mitrov, family, name, ljubiša, stjepan, modernist, stefan, mitrov, ljubiša, serbian, cyrillic, Стјепан, Митров, Љубиша, february, 1824, november, 1878, serbi. In this name that follows Eastern Slavic naming conventions the patronymic is Mitrov and the family name is Ljubisa Stjepan modernist Stefan Mitrov Ljubisa Serbian Cyrillic Stјepan Mitrov Љubisha 29 February 1824 11 November 1878 was a Serbian and Montenegrin writer and politician He is famous for his unique short stories generally ranked among the masterpieces of Serbian literature in its day These stories are also a symbol of the Serbian rebirth both for its patriotic message and because it was a fundamental milestone in the Serbian language reform Stjepan Mitrov LjubisaPortrait of Stjepan Mitrov LjubisaBorn 1824 02 29 29 February 1824Budva Austrian Empire modern day Montenegro Died11 November 1878 1878 11 11 aged 54 Vienna Austria Hungary modern day Austria Occupation s writer politician Contents 1 Biography 2 Literary work 3 Nationality 4 Literature 5 References 6 External linksBiography EditAlthough born in the town of Budva Austrian Empire Ljubisa traced his ancestry to the hinterland and the Pastrovici clan 1 One of his cousins was Visarion Ljubisa 1823 84 who later became the Metropolitan of the Montenegrin Orthodox Church from 1882 to 1884 His father Mitar therefore the patronymic Mitrov was a seaman whom he rarely saw and died when Stjepan was only 14 years old His education mostly in the Italian language went irregularly since he had to work to help support his family from an early age Therefore Ljubisa became an autodidact educating himself from the books he could find But the love for national literature revealed itself through the writings of Vuk Karadzic and his association with Vuk Vrcevic Karadzic s faithful collaborator When only 19 he was elected to the post of the secretary of the town of Budva This job forced him into learning more on current laws and was soon considered by the plain folks to be a lawyer and was often approached as such He started writing court records and even operated as a defender in the local court of law This self thought knowledge of his was then acknowledged by the authorities and without taking a judiciary exam he became a public notary In the revolutionary 1848 Ljubisa was an active member of the ad hoc assembly of Boka Kotorska in Prcanj and held a number of speeches against the Italian cultural dominance and for South Slav unity In 1861 he was elected as the deputy of Boka in the Dalmatian parliament in Zadar and not long afterwards he was sent to the parliament in Vienna as an MP of the People s Party then still gathering both Serbs and Croats 2 From then on he was constantly re elected to the parliaments in Vienna and in Zadar From 1870 to 1876 he was the president of the Dalmatian parliament 3 In 1878 he was overthrown by the clerical Croat fraction in the National Party led by Mihovil Pavlinovic In his political efforts he fought against the ethnic Italian domination in Dalmatian politics and culture for the equality of religions and languages for the emancipation of Serb populace in Dalmatia the economic benefit of the province but also for the autonomy of Dalmatia and against the unification with Croatia Slavonia Literary critic and historian Jovan Skerlic points out in his book that Ljubisa wrote Izmecu Bara i Zadra bilo u izobrazenoj vrsti samo sedam ljudi koji nijesu bili izgubili svijest svog imena i porekla Between Bar and Zadar there were approximately only seven people who had not lost track of their ancestral name and descent demonstrating the extent of Italian influence on the Dalmatian and Montenegrin littoral 4 His literary work started in 1845 when led by the ethnographical example of Vuk Karadzic s collaborator Vuk Vrcevic who eventually became Ljubisa s friend Ljubisa then went on to publish in Serbian Dalmatian Magazine Serbsko dalmatinski magazin Serbsko dalmatinski magazin notes on life and customs of his Pastrovici clan 5 In 1868 he also published the first edition of Njegos s Mountain Wreath in Serbian Latin script His first short story Scepan the Little Shћepan Mali Scepan Mali was published in 1868 6 He sailed in literary waters more actively from 1870 continuing with short stories All of them appeared in magazines and newspapers his only book being the 1875 Montenegrin and Littoral Stories Pripoviјesti crnogorske i primorske Pripovijesti crnogorske i primorske In 1877 he started with publishing one hundred short stories named The Storytelling of Vuk Dojcevic of which only 37 appeared owing to his premature death In 1878 Serb Dawn magazine Srpska zora Srpska zora in Vienna published his autobiography 7 Skerlic compared Ljubisa with his contemporaries stating that What Joksim Novic Otocanin and Jovan Sundecic did for poetry Ljubisa did for prose writing 4 Visiting Cetinje to attend the consecration of his cousin Visarion Ljubisa who was being elevated to a Metropolitan bishop of the Serbian Orthodox Church Ljubisa fell ill and on his return to Vienna died on 11 November 1878 His earthly remains were transferred to Budva in 1885 His great great granddaughter is Marina Perazic one of the most popular pop singers in the former Yugoslavia during the 1980s 8 Literary work EditComing from the rural background and treasuring all his life contacts with the peasants Ljubisa wrote in excellent Serbian which was his strongest source of inspiration His stories are full with folklore elements sayings vivid characters that all showed the character of Serbian people in the Littoral Comparing his inspiration national orientation and closed relation with folklore he was dubbed Njegos in prose Although he spent his life in the time of romanticism his works have an intention of closer and more genuine representation of folk life and therefore Ljubisa is considered one of the first realists in Serb literature His works remain popular to this very date His best known works are Boj na Visu Scepan Mali Pripovijesti crnogorske i primorske Dubrovnik 1875 Belgrade 1876 The Sale of Patriarch Brkic Prodaja partijare Brkica Kanjos Macedonovic Jump Girl Skociđevojka Priest Androvic the new Obilic Pop Androvic novi Obilic Stealing and Re Stealing of the Bell Krađa i prekrađa zvona Storytelling of Vuk Dojcevic Pricanja Vuka Dojcevica He is also recognized as an excellent translator of the works of Horace Dante and Ariosto citation needed Nationality EditWhen in 1878 he was disposed and booed by the Croats in the Dalmatian parliament he replied I know why you can t stand me because I m a Serb by nationality and of Orthodox faith 9 Literature EditS M Ljubisa Pripovetke Novi Sad Beograd 1957 Miroslav Luketic Budva Sveti Stefan Petrovac Budva Cetinje 1966References Edit Edwards Lovett Fielding 1974 The Yugoslav Coast Batsford p 258 ISBN 9780713428391 Partington Paul G 1979 Who s who on the Postage Stamps of Eastern Europe Scarecrow Press p 248 ISBN 9780810812666 Summary MOTIFS OF SEA AND SEA COAST IN THE WORKS OF STEFAN MITROV LJUBISA Godisnjak Pomorskog muzeja u Kotoru Pomorski muzej u Kotoru 22 92 1974 a b Jovan Skerlic Istorija Nove Srpske Knjizevnosti History of New Serbian Literature Belgrade 1914 1921 pages 326 330 Đuric Zeljko 2004 I mari di Niccolo Tommaseo e altri mari atti del Convegno internazionale di Studi nel bicentennario sic della nascita di Niccolo Tommaseo Zagabria 4 5 ottobre 2002 in Italian FF Press p 405 ISBN 9789531752084 Jugoslovenska proza Savez knjizevnika Jugoslavije 1949 p 713 Pejovic Bozidar 1977 Knjizevno djelo Stefana Mitrova Ljubise Svjetlost p 219 Popovic A 7 December 2009 Bila sam Majina zrtva Press Vuksanovic Puovic Milan 4 October 2001 Istina o Srbima katolicima iz Boke Truth about Catholic Serbs from Boka Glas Crnogorca Podgorica External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Stjepan Mitrov Ljubisa Pripovijesti crnogorske i primorske with a foreword by Marko Car in Serbian Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Stjepan Mitrov Ljubisa amp oldid 1124813241, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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