Corallorhiza maculata, or spotted coralroot, is a North Americancoralroot orchid.[2] It has three varieties: C. maculata var. occidentalis (western spotted coralroot), C. maculata var. maculata (eastern spotted coralroot or summer coralroot), and C. maculata var. mexicana. It is widespread through Mexico, Guatemala, Canada, St. Pierre & Miquelon, and much of the western and northern United States (though generally absent from the Great Plains and from the lowland parts of the Southeast). It grows mostly in montane woodlands.[3][4][5]
The Corallorhiza maculata side petals are reddish, and the lip petal is bright clean white with deep red spots.
Corallorhiza maculata is a myco-heterotroph; it lacks chlorophyll and obtains energy by parasitizing the mycelium of fungi in the family Russulaceae. The rhizome and lower stem are often knotted into branched coral shapes. The stem is usually red or brown in color, but occasionally comes in a light yellow or cream color. There are no leaves and no photosynthetic green tissues. The stems bear dark red scales and intricate orchid flowers.
Corallorhiza maculata flowers are small and emerge regularly from all sides of the stem. The sepals are dark red or brown tinged with purple, long and pointed. The side petals are reddish, and the lip petal is bright clean white with deep red spots. It is usually scalloped along its edges and 7–10 mm (9⁄32–13⁄32 in). In some varieties, the lip may be plain white without spots.
An unspotted form of Corallorhiza maculata that moreover bears yellow-tinged petals and sepals.
Uses
Several Native American groups historically used the orchid's stems dried and brewed as a tea for such maladies as colds, pneumonia, and skin irritation.
Corallorhiza maculata is also the topic of the poem On Going Unnoticed by Robert Frost.
^"Corallorhiza maculata". County-level distribution map from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA). Biota of North America Program (BONAP). 2014.
^Magrath, Lawrence K.; Freudenstein, John V. (2002). "Corallorhiza maculata". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). Vol. 26. New York and Oxford – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
Further reading
Taylor, D.L. & T.D. Bruns. (1997). Independent, specialized invasions of ectomycorrhizal mutualism by two nonphotosynthetic orchids. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA vol. 94 pp. 4510–4515.
External links
Media related to Corallorhiza maculata at Wikimedia Commons
Data related to Corallorhiza maculata at Wikispecies
Jepson Manual - Corallorhiza maculata
January 28, 2023
corallorhiza, maculata, spotted, coralroot, north, american, coralroot, orchid, three, varieties, maculata, occidentalis, western, spotted, coralroot, maculata, maculata, eastern, spotted, coralroot, summer, coralroot, maculata, mexicana, widespread, through, . Corallorhiza maculata or spotted coralroot is a North American coralroot orchid 2 It has three varieties C maculata var occidentalis western spotted coralroot C maculata var maculata eastern spotted coralroot or summer coralroot and C maculata var mexicana It is widespread through Mexico Guatemala Canada St Pierre amp Miquelon and much of the western and northern United States though generally absent from the Great Plains and from the lowland parts of the Southeast It grows mostly in montane woodlands 3 4 5 Corallorhiza maculataCorallorhiza maculata var maculataScientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade AngiospermsClade MonocotsOrder AsparagalesFamily OrchidaceaeSubfamily EpidendroideaeGenus CorallorhizaSpecies C maculataBinomial nameCorallorhiza maculataRaf Synonyms 1 Corallorhiza multiflora Nutt Neottia multiflora Nutt Kuntze Contents 1 Description 2 Uses 3 References 4 Further reading 5 External linksDescription Edit The Corallorhiza maculata side petals are reddish and the lip petal is bright clean white with deep red spots Corallorhiza maculata is a myco heterotroph it lacks chlorophyll and obtains energy by parasitizing the mycelium of fungi in the family Russulaceae The rhizome and lower stem are often knotted into branched coral shapes The stem is usually red or brown in color but occasionally comes in a light yellow or cream color There are no leaves and no photosynthetic green tissues The stems bear dark red scales and intricate orchid flowers Corallorhiza maculata flowers are small and emerge regularly from all sides of the stem The sepals are dark red or brown tinged with purple long and pointed The side petals are reddish and the lip petal is bright clean white with deep red spots It is usually scalloped along its edges and 7 10 mm 9 32 13 32 in In some varieties the lip may be plain white without spots An unspotted form of Corallorhiza maculata that moreover bears yellow tinged petals and sepals Uses EditSeveral Native American groups historically used the orchid s stems dried and brewed as a tea for such maladies as colds pneumonia and skin irritation Corallorhiza maculata is also the topic of the poem On Going Unnoticed by Robert Frost References Edit Corallorhiza maculata World Checklist of Selected Plant Families WCSP Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Wiese Karen 2013 Sierra Nevada Wildflowers 2nd ed p 99 Corallorhiza maculata World Checklist of Selected Plant Families WCSP Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Corallorhiza maculata County level distribution map from the North American Plant Atlas NAPA Biota of North America Program BONAP 2014 Magrath Lawrence K Freudenstein John V 2002 Corallorhiza maculata In Flora of North America Editorial Committee ed Flora of North America North of Mexico FNA Vol 26 New York and Oxford via eFloras org Missouri Botanical Garden St Louis MO amp Harvard University Herbaria Cambridge MA Further reading EditTaylor D L amp T D Bruns 1997 Independent specialized invasions of ectomycorrhizal mutualism by two nonphotosynthetic orchids Proc Natl Acad Sci USA vol 94 pp 4510 4515 External links Edit Media related to Corallorhiza maculata at Wikimedia Commons Data related to Corallorhiza maculata at Wikispecies Jepson Manual Corallorhiza maculata Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Corallorhiza maculata amp oldid 1094744868, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
