"Orata" redirects here. For the ancient Roman of this name, see Sergius Orata.
"Dorade" redirects here. For the yacht, see Dorade (yacht).
The gilt-head (sea) bream (Sparus aurata) is a fish of the bream family Sparidae found in the Mediterranean Sea and the eastern coastal regions of the North Atlantic Ocean. It commonly reaches about 35 centimetres (1.15 ft) in length, but may reach 70 cm (2.3 ft) and weigh up to about 7.36 kilograms (16.2 lb).[2]
The gilt-head bream is generally considered the best tasting of the breams. It is the single species of the genus Sparus – the Latin name for this fish[3] – which has given the whole family of Sparidae its name. Its specific name, aurata, derives from the gold bar marking between its eyes.
The genome of the species was released in 2018, where the authors detected fast evolution of ovary-biased genes likely resulting from the peculiar reproduction mode of the species.[4]
Known as Orata in antiquity and still today in Italy, Malta, and Tunisia (known as "Dorada" in Spain and Romania, "Dourada" in Portugal, "Dorade Royale" in France, "Awrata" in Malta, and "Orada" in Croatia). also known as "Τσιπούρα/chipúra" in Greek
It is typically found at depths of 0–30 metres (0–98 ft), but may occur up to 150 m (490 ft),[2] seen singly or in small groups near seagrass or over sandy bottoms, but sometimes in estuaries during the spring.[2]
It mainly feeds on shellfish, but also some plant material.[2]
Gilt-head bream are protandrous sequential hermaphrodites, maturing as males by age 2, before some develop ovaries and lose their testes in later life.[4]
Fisheries and aquacultureedit
Anatomy (in Spanish)
Gilthead seabream is an esteemed food fish, but catches of wild fish have been relatively modest, between 6,100 and 9,600 metric tons (6,000 and 9,400 long tons; 6,700 and 10,600 short tons) in 2000–2009, primarily from the Mediterranean.[5] In addition, gilthead seabream have traditionally been cultured extensively in coastal lagoons and saltwater ponds. However, intensive rearing systems were developed during the 1980s, and gilthead seabream has become an important aquaculture species, primarily in the Mediterranean area and Portugal. Reported production was negligible until the late 1980s, but reached 140,000 metric tons (140,000 long tons; 150,000 short tons) in 2010, thus dwarfing the capture fisheries production.[6] Turkey is the biggest seabream producer in the world, followed by Greece.[7]
Gilthead seabreams in aquaculture are susceptible to parasitic infections, including from Enterospora nucleophila.[8]
Cuisineedit
The fish is widely used in Mediterranean cooking, under a variety of names. In Tunisia, it is known locally as "wrata". In Greece, it is known as "tsipoura", in Spain, it is known as "dorada", in Italy, as "orata" and in France, as "dorade".
^Russell, B.; Carpenter, K.E.; Pollard, D. (2014). "Sparus aurata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2014: e.T170253A1302459. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-3.RLTS.T170253A1302459.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^ abcdFroese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2010). "Sparus aurata" in FishBase. October 2010 version.
^sparus. Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles. A Latin Dictionary. Perseus Project.
^ abPauletto, Marianna; Manousaki, Tereza; Ferraresso, Serena; Babbucci, Massimiliano; Tsakogiannis, Alexandros; Louro, Bruno; Vitulo, Nicola; Quoc, Viet Ha; Carraro, Roberta (2018-08-17). "Genomic analysis of Sparus aurata reveals the evolutionary dynamics of sex-biased genes in a sequential hermaphrodite fish". Communications Biology. Nature Portfolio. 1 (1): 119. doi:10.1038/s42003-018-0122-7. ISSN 2399-3642. PMC6123679. PMID 30271999.
^"Sparus aurata (Linnaeus, 1758)". Cultured Aquatic Species Information Programme. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department. Retrieved 22 September 2012.
^ https://www.fao.org/publications/home/fao-flagship-publications/the-state-of-world-fisheries-and-aquaculture/2022/en. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
Palenzuela, Oswaldo; Redondo, María José; Cali, Ann; Takvorian, Peter M.; Alonso-Naveiro, María; Alvarez-Pellitero, Pilar; Sitjà-Bobadilla, Ariadna (2014). "A new intranuclear microsporidium, Enterospora nucleophila n. sp., causing an emaciative syndrome in a piscine host (Sparus aurata), prompts the redescription of the family Enterocytozoonidae". International Journal for Parasitology. Elsevier BV. 44 (3–4): 189–203. doi:10.1016/j.ijpara.2013.10.005. ISSN 0020-7519. Australian Society for Parasitology.
Media related to Sparus aurata at Wikimedia Commons
Photos of Gilt-head bream on Sealife Collection
December 15, 2023
gilt, head, bream, orata, redirects, here, ancient, roman, this, name, sergius, orata, dorade, redirects, here, yacht, dorade, yacht, gilt, head, bream, sparus, aurata, fish, bream, family, sparidae, found, mediterranean, eastern, coastal, regions, north, atla. Orata redirects here For the ancient Roman of this name see Sergius Orata Dorade redirects here For the yacht see Dorade yacht The gilt head sea bream Sparus aurata is a fish of the bream family Sparidae found in the Mediterranean Sea and the eastern coastal regions of the North Atlantic Ocean It commonly reaches about 35 centimetres 1 15 ft in length but may reach 70 cm 2 3 ft and weigh up to about 7 36 kilograms 16 2 lb 2 Gilt head breamConservation statusLeast Concern IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass ActinopterygiiOrder SpariformesFamily SparidaeGenus SparusSpecies S aurataBinomial nameSparus aurataLinnaeus 1758The gilt head bream is generally considered the best tasting of the breams It is the single species of the genus Sparus the Latin name for this fish 3 which has given the whole family of Sparidae its name Its specific name aurata derives from the gold bar marking between its eyes The genome of the species was released in 2018 where the authors detected fast evolution of ovary biased genes likely resulting from the peculiar reproduction mode of the species 4 Contents 1 Names 2 Biology 3 Fisheries and aquaculture 4 Cuisine 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksNames editKnown as Orata in antiquity and still today in Italy Malta and Tunisia known as Dorada in Spain and Romania Dourada in Portugal Dorade Royale in France Awrata in Malta and Orada in Croatia also known as Tsipoyra chipura in GreekBiology edit nbsp StintinoIt is typically found at depths of 0 30 metres 0 98 ft but may occur up to 150 m 490 ft 2 seen singly or in small groups near seagrass or over sandy bottoms but sometimes in estuaries during the spring 2 It mainly feeds on shellfish but also some plant material 2 Gilt head bream are protandrous sequential hermaphrodites maturing as males by age 2 before some develop ovaries and lose their testes in later life 4 Fisheries and aquaculture edit source source source source source source Anatomy in Spanish Gilthead seabream is an esteemed food fish but catches of wild fish have been relatively modest between 6 100 and 9 600 metric tons 6 000 and 9 400 long tons 6 700 and 10 600 short tons in 2000 2009 primarily from the Mediterranean 5 In addition gilthead seabream have traditionally been cultured extensively in coastal lagoons and saltwater ponds However intensive rearing systems were developed during the 1980s and gilthead seabream has become an important aquaculture species primarily in the Mediterranean area and Portugal Reported production was negligible until the late 1980s but reached 140 000 metric tons 140 000 long tons 150 000 short tons in 2010 thus dwarfing the capture fisheries production 6 Turkey is the biggest seabream producer in the world followed by Greece 7 Gilthead seabreams in aquaculture are susceptible to parasitic infections including from Enterospora nucleophila 8 nbsp Cuisine editThe fish is widely used in Mediterranean cooking under a variety of names In Tunisia it is known locally as wrata In Greece it is known as tsipoura in Spain it is known as dorada in Italy as orata and in France as dorade See also editAcanthopagrusReferences edit Russell B Carpenter K E Pollard D 2014 Sparus aurata IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2014 e T170253A1302459 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2014 3 RLTS T170253A1302459 en Retrieved 12 November 2021 a b c d Froese Rainer Pauly Daniel eds 2010 Sparus aurata in FishBase October 2010 version sparus Lewis Charlton T Short Charles A Latin Dictionary Perseus Project a b Pauletto Marianna Manousaki Tereza Ferraresso Serena Babbucci Massimiliano Tsakogiannis Alexandros Louro Bruno Vitulo Nicola Quoc Viet Ha Carraro Roberta 2018 08 17 Genomic analysis of Sparus aurata reveals the evolutionary dynamics of sex biased genes in a sequential hermaphrodite fish Communications Biology Nature Portfolio 1 1 119 doi 10 1038 s42003 018 0122 7 ISSN 2399 3642 PMC 6123679 PMID 30271999 FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 2011 Yearbook of fishery and aquaculture statistics 2009 Capture production PDF Rome FAO p 163 Archived from the original PDF on 2017 05 19 Sparus aurata Linnaeus 1758 Cultured Aquatic Species Information Programme FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Retrieved 22 September 2012 https www fao org publications home fao flagship publications the state of world fisheries and aquaculture 2022 en a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a Missing or empty title help Han Bing Pan Guoqing Weiss Louis M 2021 Microsporidiosis in Humans Clinical Microbiology Reviews American Society for Microbiology ASM 34 4 doi 10 1128 cmr 00010 20 ISSN 0893 8512 PMC 8404701 This review cites this research Palenzuela Oswaldo Redondo Maria Jose Cali Ann Takvorian Peter M Alonso Naveiro Maria Alvarez Pellitero Pilar Sitja Bobadilla Ariadna 2014 A new intranuclear microsporidium Enterospora nucleophila n sp causing an emaciative syndrome in a piscine host Sparus aurata prompts the redescription of the family Enterocytozoonidae International Journal for Parasitology Elsevier BV 44 3 4 189 203 doi 10 1016 j ijpara 2013 10 005 ISSN 0020 7519 Australian Society for Parasitology Alan Davidson Mediterranean Seafood Penguin 1972 ISBN 0 14 046174 4 pp 86 108 External links edit nbsp Media related to Sparus aurata at Wikimedia Commons Photos of Gilt head bream on Sealife Collection Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Gilt head bream amp oldid 1185622971, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
