Soběslav is first documented about 1107, when he and his elder brother Duke Bořivoj II were expelled by their Přemyslid relative Svatopluk of Olomouc and fled to the court of their maternal cousin Duke Bolesław III Wrymouth of Poland. After Svatopluk was assassinated during the Battle of Głogów in 1109, Bořivoj's attempts to regain the Bohemian throne failed. In the following fratricidal war that followed the battle, Bořivoj's younger brother Vladislaus I prevailed, backed by King Henry V of Germany. Later the brothers reconciled and Soběslav was vested with rule at Brno and Znojmo in Moravia from 1115 until 1123, when tensions between the brothers rose again and Soběslav was once more expelled.
Nevertheless, as the last surviving son of Vratislaus II, he succeeded to the ducal throne after Duke Vladislaus' death in 1125. From the beginning, his rule was contested by Otto II the Black, the younger brother of Svatopluk, who gained support not only from Vladislaus's widow Richeza of Berg, but also from King Lothair III of Germany. Soběslav therefore was an adversary of the German monarchy throughout his reign and began by using the divisiveness of the 1125 election of King Lothair against rival Duke Frederick II of Swabia to further Bohemian independence.
When Soběslav decided to remove Otto II from Olomouc, the despoiled prince recoursed to the German king. Lothair III declared that no one could succeed to the Bohemian throne without Imperial investiture and proceeded to invade on behalf of Otto II. This, however, was dangerous to the interests of the local nobility, and they rallied around Soběslav. On 18 February 1126, the German and Moravian troops under Lothair met the Bohemian forces at the Battle of Chlumec, a frontier fortress at the border with the March of Meissen. Soběslav routed and captured King Lothair, while Otto II was killed in battle. However, the relationship between the two countries returned to the former vassal-suzerain relationship, as King Lothair was released on condition of Soběslav's investiture with Bohemia.
Throughout his reign, Soběslav continued to possess the Olomouc duchy, but his rule in Bohemia was again undermined by his nephew Bretislaus, son of Soběslav's eldest brother Duke Bretislaus II (d. 1100). Young Bretislaus referred to the principle of agnatic seniority and had the support of the Moravian dukes Conrad II of Znojmo and Vratislaus II of Brno, as well as of the church party under Bishop Meinhard of Prague. In June 1130, the conspiracy was discovered and thwarted with much bloodshed. The dukes survived and continued to rule, but Bretislaus was blinded. Upon the accession of his brother-in-law King Bela II of Hungary in 1131, he became entangled in an armed conflict with Duke Bolesław III of Poland, who supported Bela's rival Boris Kalamanos.
Conrad III of Hohenstaufen, elected King of the Romans in 1138, tried to amend relations between the thrones of Bohemia and Germany. At the Reichstag of Bamberg in the same year, he gave Soběslav the hereditary dignity of the archcupbearer of the Holy Roman Empire and the promise to vest his eldest son Vladislaus with Bohemia upon his death. The duke's reign saw the foundation of many new German colonies in Czech lands in the course of the Ostsiedlung (German eastward expansion}.
Soběslav died on 14 February 1140 at Hostinné Castle. The succession intended for his son failed, as the Bohemian estates raised his nephew Vladislaus II, the son of his elder brother and predecessor Duke Vladislaus, to the ducal dignity with the approval of Conrad III.
Marriage and issue
About 1123 Soběslav married Adelaide,[1] daughter of Prince Álmos of Hungary. The marriage produced at least five children:
Raffensperger, Christian (2018). Conflict, Bargaining, and Kinship Networks in Medieval Eastern Europe. Lexington Books.
Petr Sommer; Třeštík, Dušan; Žemlička, Josef, et al.: Přemyslovci. Budování českého státu. Nakladatelství Lidové noviny, Praha 2009, ISBN978-80-7106-352-0, besonders S. 198–200.
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This article includes a list of references related reading or external links but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations December 2015 Learn how and when to remove this template message Sobeslav I also Sobeslaus c 1075 14 February 1140 was Duke of Bohemia from 1125 until his death He was a member of the Premyslid dynasty the youngest son of Vratislaus II d 1092 by his third wife Swietoslawa of Poland Sobeslav IDuke of BohemiaReign12 April 1125 14 February 1140PredecessorVladislaus ISuccessorVladislaus IIBornc 1075Died14 February 1140 1140 02 14 aged 64 65 SpouseAdelaide of HungaryIssueWenceslaus IIUdalrich of OlomoucMaria of BohemiaSobeslav II VladislausHousePremyslid dynastyFatherVratislaus IIMotherSwietoslawa of PolandReligionCatholicism Contents 1 Life 2 Marriage and issue 3 Ancestry 4 References 5 SourcesLife EditSobeslav is first documented about 1107 when he and his elder brother Duke Borivoj II were expelled by their Premyslid relative Svatopluk of Olomouc and fled to the court of their maternal cousin Duke Boleslaw III Wrymouth of Poland After Svatopluk was assassinated during the Battle of Glogow in 1109 Borivoj s attempts to regain the Bohemian throne failed In the following fratricidal war that followed the battle Borivoj s younger brother Vladislaus I prevailed backed by King Henry V of Germany Later the brothers reconciled and Sobeslav was vested with rule at Brno and Znojmo in Moravia from 1115 until 1123 when tensions between the brothers rose again and Sobeslav was once more expelled Nevertheless as the last surviving son of Vratislaus II he succeeded to the ducal throne after Duke Vladislaus death in 1125 From the beginning his rule was contested by Otto II the Black the younger brother of Svatopluk who gained support not only from Vladislaus s widow Richeza of Berg but also from King Lothair III of Germany Sobeslav therefore was an adversary of the German monarchy throughout his reign and began by using the divisiveness of the 1125 election of King Lothair against rival Duke Frederick II of Swabia to further Bohemian independence When Sobeslav decided to remove Otto II from Olomouc the despoiled prince recoursed to the German king Lothair III declared that no one could succeed to the Bohemian throne without Imperial investiture and proceeded to invade on behalf of Otto II This however was dangerous to the interests of the local nobility and they rallied around Sobeslav On 18 February 1126 the German and Moravian troops under Lothair met the Bohemian forces at the Battle of Chlumec a frontier fortress at the border with the March of Meissen Sobeslav routed and captured King Lothair while Otto II was killed in battle However the relationship between the two countries returned to the former vassal suzerain relationship as King Lothair was released on condition of Sobeslav s investiture with Bohemia Throughout his reign Sobeslav continued to possess the Olomouc duchy but his rule in Bohemia was again undermined by his nephew Bretislaus son of Sobeslav s eldest brother Duke Bretislaus II d 1100 Young Bretislaus referred to the principle of agnatic seniority and had the support of the Moravian dukes Conrad II of Znojmo and Vratislaus II of Brno as well as of the church party under Bishop Meinhard of Prague In June 1130 the conspiracy was discovered and thwarted with much bloodshed The dukes survived and continued to rule but Bretislaus was blinded Upon the accession of his brother in law King Bela II of Hungary in 1131 he became entangled in an armed conflict with Duke Boleslaw III of Poland who supported Bela s rival Boris Kalamanos Conrad III of Hohenstaufen elected King of the Romans in 1138 tried to amend relations between the thrones of Bohemia and Germany At the Reichstag of Bamberg in the same year he gave Sobeslav the hereditary dignity of the archcupbearer of the Holy Roman Empire and the promise to vest his eldest son Vladislaus with Bohemia upon his death The duke s reign saw the foundation of many new German colonies in Czech lands in the course of the Ostsiedlung German eastward expansion Sobeslav died on 14 February 1140 at Hostinne Castle The succession intended for his son failed as the Bohemian estates raised his nephew Vladislaus II the son of his elder brother and predecessor Duke Vladislaus to the ducal dignity with the approval of Conrad III Marriage and issue EditAbout 1123 Sobeslav married Adelaide 1 daughter of Prince Almos of Hungary The marriage produced at least five children Vladislaus d 1165 Duke at Olomouc married an unnamed daughter of Albert the Bear Maria 1124 25 1172 Sobeslav II 1128 1180 Duke of Bohemia Udalrich II 1134 1177 Duke at Olomouc Wenceslaus II 1137 1192 Duke of BohemiaAncestry EditThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed April 2019 Learn how and when to remove this template message Ancestors of Sobeslav I Duke of Bohemia8 Oldrich of Bohemia4 Bretislaus I of Bohemia9 Bozena2 Vratislaus II of Bohemia10 Henry of Schweinfurt5 Judith of Schweinfurt11 Gerberga of Henneberg1 Sobeslav I Duke of Bohemia12 Mieszko II Lambert of Poland6 Casimir I of Poland13 Richeza of Lotharingia3 Swietoslawa of Poland14 Vladimir the Great of Kiev7 Maria Dobroniega of Kiev Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sobeslaus I Duke of Bohemia References Edit Raffensperger 2018 p 171 Sources EditRaffensperger Christian 2018 Conflict Bargaining and Kinship Networks in Medieval Eastern Europe Lexington Books Petr Sommer Trestik Dusan Zemlicka Josef et al Premyslovci Budovani ceskeho statu Nakladatelstvi Lidove noviny Praha 2009 ISBN 978 80 7106 352 0 besonders S 198 200 Regnal titlesPreceded byVladislaus I Duke of Bohemia1125 1140 Succeeded byVladislaus II Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Sobeslav I Duke of Bohemia amp 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