fbpx
Wikipedia

Sergey Aksakov

October 21, 2023

Sergey Timofeyevich Aksakov (Russian: Серге́й Тимофе́евич Акса́ков) (October 1 [O.S. September 20] 1791—May 12 [O.S. April 30] 1859) was a 19th-century Russian literary figure remembered for his semi-autobiographical tales of family life, as well as his books on hunting and fishing.

Sergey Aksakov
Portrait of Aksakov by Vasily Perov
Born(1791-10-01)October 1, 1791
Ufa, Ufa Governorate, Russian Empire
DiedMay 12, 1859(1859-05-12) (aged 67)
Moscow, Russian Empire
Period1810s-1850s
ChildrenIvan Aksakov
Konstantin Aksakov
Vera Aksakova
RelativesAlexandr Aksakov

A crater on the planet Mercury has been named in his honor.[1]

Early life Edit

According to the Velvet Book of Russian genealogy, the Aksakovs trace their male line to Šimon, a Varangian nephew of Haakon the Old, who settled in Novgorod in 1027. Their first documented ancestor was Ivan Feodorivich Velyaminov nicknamed Oksak who lived during the 15th century. His family crest was based on the Polish Przyjaciel coat of arms (also known as Aksak) which is considered to be of Tatar origin in Poland (the word «oksak» means «lame» in Turkic languages).[2] All this led some researches to believe that the Aksakov family also originated from Tatars, despite having no relation to the Polish noble house.

Sergey was born in Ufa and brought up there and in the family estate at Novo-Aksakovka in Orenburg guberniya, where he acquired a lifelong love of nature. He was also introduced to literature by his mother at an early age, and became especially fond of Mikhail Kheraskov's Rossiada and the tragedies of Alexander Sumarokov.

He was educated at the Kazan Gymnasium and then, in 1805 (in the first year after its founding), at Kazan University, though he himself said he was ill-prepared for university education (and some of the professors, brought from abroad, taught in foreign languages).[3] He was also distracted by his obsessive interest in the theater.

Career Edit

He left the university in 1807, and the following year went to St. Petersburg to take up government service, for which he was also poorly prepared. Again, he spent considerable time at the theater, and his acquaintance with the conservative Admiral Shishkov strengthened his preference for classical Russian literature and introduced him to the Lovers of the Russian Word. He resigned from the civil service in 1811 and moved to Moscow, where he was active as an amateur in literary and theatrical life and published his first verse anonymously in 1812.[4]

Aksakov enlisted in the militia and took part in the Campaign of 1812; afterwards he settled for the quiet life of a sporting country squire at his estate of Aksakovo in Orenburg guberniya, where he stayed from 1816 until 1826, after which he was usually in Moscow. In 1816 he married Olga Semenovna Zaplatina, and the couple had six sons and eight daughters. His eldest daughter Vera Aksakova who was born in 1819 was also a noted author.[5]

He began publishing translations, reviews, and articles in the early 1820s, though his important work came much later. In 1827 he was appointed to the Moscow Censorship Committee, from which he was dismissed in 1832 for allowing the publication of a "scurrilous" pamphlet on drunken policemen; in 1833 he became an inspector at the Grand Duke Constantine School of Surveying, and in 1835 the first director of the Constantine Geodetic Institute (Konstantinovsky mezhevoi institut).[6] He retired from the civil service in 1838.

In 1832 he met Nikolai Gogol "and recognized in him what he had failed to see in Púshkin or any other man—a purely Russian genius. Aksakov's house, a stronghold of pure Russianism in Moscow society, became the temple of the cult of Gogol, and Aksakov its high priest."[7] It was Gogol who revealed to Aksakov the possibility of creating literature based directly on life, without forcing it into the mold of classical forms. In 1834 Aksakov published his first realistic story, "A Blizzard." Around 1840, encouraged by Gogol, he began writing the book that would make him famous, A Family Chronicle. While he was working on that, he published books about two of his favorite activities since his youth, Notes on Fishing (1847) and Notes of a Hunter in Orenburg Province (1852). Their "limpid style and concrete content," which were "almost unique in Russian literature," were appreciated by contemporaries;[8] Ivan Turgenev reviewed them enthusiastically, and Gogol wrote Aksakov, "Your birds and fishes are more alive than my men and women."[9]

Later life Edit

 
Aksakov garden in Ufa, named in honor of Sergey Aksakov

In 1843 Aksakov settled in the village of Abramtsevo, near Moscow, where he entertained writers including Gogol, Turgenev, and Tolstoy and which was also frequented by his Slavophile sons, Konstantin and Ivan. In the late 1850s he published his most enduring works, The Family Chronicle (Semeinaya khronika, 1856; translated as A Russian Gentleman) and Childhood Years of Bagrov Grandson (Detskie gody Bagrova-vnuka, 1858, translated as Years of Childhood). These reminiscences of a childhood spent in a Russian patriarchal family "brought Aksakov recognition as a literary artist of the first rank."[10] Aksakov's semi-autobiographical narratives are unmatched for their scrupulous and detailed description of the everyday life of the Russian nobility.

Among Aksakov's other works are The History of My Acquaintance with Gogol (Istoriya moego znakomstva s Gogolem, published 1890 [written in 1830s and 1840s]); Memoirs (Vospominaniya, 1856, translated as A Russian Schoolboy), and Collecting Butterflies (Sobiranie babochek, 1858). His fairy tale The Scarlet Flower was adapted into an animated feature film in the Soviet Union in 1952.

Family Edit

Aksakov married Olga Semyonovna Zaplatina who was the daughter of Major General Semyon Grigorievich Zaplatin and a captured Turkish woman.[11] They had four sons (Konstantin, Gregory, Ivan and Mikhail) and seven daughters (Vera, Olga, Nadezhda, Anna, Lyubov, Maria, and Sophia).[11]

English translations Edit

 
The Aksakov Family Coat of Arms.
  • Years of Childhood. Translated by James Duff Duff. London: Edward Arnold. 1916 – via Internet Archive.
  • A Russian Schoolboy, E. Arnold, London, 1917, tr. by J. D. Duff. from Archive.org
  • A Russian Gentleman, E. Arnold, London, 1917, tr. by J. D. Duff. from Archive.org
  • The Family Chronicle, E. P. Dutton & Co., New York, 1961, tr. by M. C. Beverley.
  • Notes on Fishing, Northwestern University Press, Evanston, 1997, tr. by Thomas P. Hodge.
  • Notes of a Provincial Wildfowler, Northwestern University Press, Evanston, 1998, tr. by Kevin Windle.

References Edit

  1. ^ "Aksakov". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. NASA. Retrieved 28 Apr 2020.
  2. ^ Andrei Kuleshov (2009). Aksakovs. The History of Broken Fates. Chapter I: Origins. — Moscow: Territory, 328 pages ISBN 978-5-98393-018-6 at the official Aksakov family website (in Russian)
  3. ^ V. Savodnik, Ocherki po istorii russkoi literatury XIX-go veka, Part II (Kolomea, [1906]), p. 1.
  4. ^ John McNair, "Sergei Timofeevich Aksakov" in Neil Cornwell and Nicole Christian (eds), Reference Guide to Russian literature (Taylor & Francis, 1998: ISBN 1-884964-10-9), p. 97.
  5. ^ Marina Ledkovskai͡a-Astman; Charlotte Rosenthal; Mary Fleming Zirin (1994). Dictionary of Russian Women Writers. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 14–15. ISBN 978-0-313-26265-4.
  6. ^ John McNair, "Sergei Timofeevich Aksakov," p. 97.
  7. ^ D.S. Mirsky, A History of Russian Literature (Northwestern University Press, 1999), p. 185.
  8. ^ Charles A. Moser in Victor Terras, Handbook of Russian Literature (Yale University Press, 1990: ISBN 0-300-04868-8), p. 17.
  9. ^ Mirsky, History of Russian Literature, p. 186.
  10. ^ John McNair, "Sergei Timofeevich Aksakov," p. 98.
  11. ^ a b Рубрика «Аксаковы. История разбитых судеб»: «Глава I», Aksakoff, retrieved 11 April 2021, От брака с Ольгой Семеновной Заплатиной (1 марта 1793 г. – 2 мая 1878 г.), дочерью генерал-майора Семена Григорьевича Заплатина и пленной турчанки Игель-Сюм, Сергей Тимофеевич Аксаков имел четырех сыновей – Константина, Григория, Ивана, Михаила и семь дочерей – Веру (1819–1864 гг.), Ольгу (1821–1861 гг.), Надежду (1829–1869 гг.), Анну (1829–1829 гг.), Любовь (1830–1867 гг.), Марию (1831–1906 гг.), Софью (1835–1885 гг.).

Further reading Edit

  • Smith-Peter, Susan. (2016), "Enlightenment from the East: Early Nineteenth Century Russian Views of the East from Kazan University", Znanie. Ponimanie. Umenie, 13 (1): 318–338, doi:10.17805/zpu.2016.1.29.
  • Churkin A. The memoir and autobiographical prose of S. T. Aksakov, problems of poetics. Thesis. in Russian

External links Edit

October 21, 2023
sergey, aksakov, sergey, timofeyevich, aksakov, russian, Серге, Тимофе, евич, Акса, ков, october, september, 1791, april, 1859, 19th, century, russian, literary, figure, remembered, semi, autobiographical, tales, family, life, well, books, hunting, fishing, po. Sergey Timofeyevich Aksakov Russian Serge j Timofe evich Aksa kov October 1 O S September 20 1791 May 12 O S April 30 1859 was a 19th century Russian literary figure remembered for his semi autobiographical tales of family life as well as his books on hunting and fishing Sergey AksakovPortrait of Aksakov by Vasily PerovBorn 1791 10 01 October 1 1791Ufa Ufa Governorate Russian EmpireDiedMay 12 1859 1859 05 12 aged 67 Moscow Russian EmpirePeriod1810s 1850sChildrenIvan AksakovKonstantin AksakovVera AksakovaRelativesAlexandr AksakovA crater on the planet Mercury has been named in his honor 1 Contents 1 Early life 2 Career 3 Later life 4 Family 5 English translations 6 References 7 Further reading 8 External linksEarly life EditAccording to the Velvet Book of Russian genealogy the Aksakovs trace their male line to Simon a Varangian nephew of Haakon the Old who settled in Novgorod in 1027 Their first documented ancestor was Ivan Feodorivich Velyaminov nicknamed Oksak who lived during the 15th century His family crest was based on the Polish Przyjaciel coat of arms also known as Aksak which is considered to be of Tatar origin in Poland the word oksak means lame in Turkic languages 2 All this led some researches to believe that the Aksakov family also originated from Tatars despite having no relation to the Polish noble house Sergey was born in Ufa and brought up there and in the family estate at Novo Aksakovka in Orenburg guberniya where he acquired a lifelong love of nature He was also introduced to literature by his mother at an early age and became especially fond of Mikhail Kheraskov s Rossiada and the tragedies of Alexander Sumarokov He was educated at the Kazan Gymnasium and then in 1805 in the first year after its founding at Kazan University though he himself said he was ill prepared for university education and some of the professors brought from abroad taught in foreign languages 3 He was also distracted by his obsessive interest in the theater Career EditHe left the university in 1807 and the following year went to St Petersburg to take up government service for which he was also poorly prepared Again he spent considerable time at the theater and his acquaintance with the conservative Admiral Shishkov strengthened his preference for classical Russian literature and introduced him to the Lovers of the Russian Word He resigned from the civil service in 1811 and moved to Moscow where he was active as an amateur in literary and theatrical life and published his first verse anonymously in 1812 4 Aksakov enlisted in the militia and took part in the Campaign of 1812 afterwards he settled for the quiet life of a sporting country squire at his estate of Aksakovo in Orenburg guberniya where he stayed from 1816 until 1826 after which he was usually in Moscow In 1816 he married Olga Semenovna Zaplatina and the couple had six sons and eight daughters His eldest daughter Vera Aksakova who was born in 1819 was also a noted author 5 He began publishing translations reviews and articles in the early 1820s though his important work came much later In 1827 he was appointed to the Moscow Censorship Committee from which he was dismissed in 1832 for allowing the publication of a scurrilous pamphlet on drunken policemen in 1833 he became an inspector at the Grand Duke Constantine School of Surveying and in 1835 the first director of the Constantine Geodetic Institute Konstantinovsky mezhevoi institut 6 He retired from the civil service in 1838 In 1832 he met Nikolai Gogol and recognized in him what he had failed to see in Pushkin or any other man a purely Russian genius Aksakov s house a stronghold of pure Russianism in Moscow society became the temple of the cult of Gogol and Aksakov its high priest 7 It was Gogol who revealed to Aksakov the possibility of creating literature based directly on life without forcing it into the mold of classical forms In 1834 Aksakov published his first realistic story A Blizzard Around 1840 encouraged by Gogol he began writing the book that would make him famous A Family Chronicle While he was working on that he published books about two of his favorite activities since his youth Notes on Fishing 1847 and Notes of a Hunter in Orenburg Province 1852 Their limpid style and concrete content which were almost unique in Russian literature were appreciated by contemporaries 8 Ivan Turgenev reviewed them enthusiastically and Gogol wrote Aksakov Your birds and fishes are more alive than my men and women 9 Later life Edit nbsp Aksakov garden in Ufa named in honor of Sergey AksakovIn 1843 Aksakov settled in the village of Abramtsevo near Moscow where he entertained writers including Gogol Turgenev and Tolstoy and which was also frequented by his Slavophile sons Konstantin and Ivan In the late 1850s he published his most enduring works The Family Chronicle Semeinaya khronika 1856 translated as A Russian Gentleman and Childhood Years of Bagrov Grandson Detskie gody Bagrova vnuka 1858 translated as Years of Childhood These reminiscences of a childhood spent in a Russian patriarchal family brought Aksakov recognition as a literary artist of the first rank 10 Aksakov s semi autobiographical narratives are unmatched for their scrupulous and detailed description of the everyday life of the Russian nobility Among Aksakov s other works are The History of My Acquaintance with Gogol Istoriya moego znakomstva s Gogolem published 1890 written in 1830s and 1840s Memoirs Vospominaniya 1856 translated as A Russian Schoolboy and Collecting Butterflies Sobiranie babochek 1858 His fairy tale The Scarlet Flower was adapted into an animated feature film in the Soviet Union in 1952 Family EditAksakov married Olga Semyonovna Zaplatina who was the daughter of Major General Semyon Grigorievich Zaplatin and a captured Turkish woman 11 They had four sons Konstantin Gregory Ivan and Mikhail and seven daughters Vera Olga Nadezhda Anna Lyubov Maria and Sophia 11 English translations Edit nbsp The Aksakov Family Coat of Arms Years of Childhood Translated by James Duff Duff London Edward Arnold 1916 via Internet Archive A Russian Schoolboy E Arnold London 1917 tr by J D Duff from Archive org A Russian Gentleman E Arnold London 1917 tr by J D Duff from Archive org The Family Chronicle E P Dutton amp Co New York 1961 tr by M C Beverley Notes on Fishing Northwestern University Press Evanston 1997 tr by Thomas P Hodge Notes of a Provincial Wildfowler Northwestern University Press Evanston 1998 tr by Kevin Windle References Edit Aksakov Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature NASA Retrieved 28 Apr 2020 Andrei Kuleshov 2009 Aksakovs The History of Broken Fates Chapter I Origins Moscow Territory 328 pages ISBN 978 5 98393 018 6 at the official Aksakov family website in Russian V Savodnik Ocherki po istorii russkoi literatury XIX go veka Part II Kolomea 1906 p 1 John McNair Sergei Timofeevich Aksakov in Neil Cornwell and Nicole Christian eds Reference Guide to Russian literature Taylor amp Francis 1998 ISBN 1 884964 10 9 p 97 Marina Ledkovskai a Astman Charlotte Rosenthal Mary Fleming Zirin 1994 Dictionary of Russian Women Writers Greenwood Publishing Group pp 14 15 ISBN 978 0 313 26265 4 John McNair Sergei Timofeevich Aksakov p 97 D S Mirsky A History of Russian Literature Northwestern University Press 1999 p 185 Charles A Moser in Victor Terras Handbook of Russian Literature Yale University Press 1990 ISBN 0 300 04868 8 p 17 Mirsky History of Russian Literature p 186 John McNair Sergei Timofeevich Aksakov p 98 a b Rubrika Aksakovy Istoriya razbityh sudeb Glava I Aksakoff retrieved 11 April 2021 Ot braka s Olgoj Semenovnoj Zaplatinoj 1 marta 1793 g 2 maya 1878 g docheryu general majora Semena Grigorevicha Zaplatina i plennoj turchanki Igel Syum Sergej Timofeevich Aksakov imel chetyreh synovej Konstantina Grigoriya Ivana Mihaila i sem docherej Veru 1819 1864 gg Olgu 1821 1861 gg Nadezhdu 1829 1869 gg Annu 1829 1829 gg Lyubov 1830 1867 gg Mariyu 1831 1906 gg Sofyu 1835 1885 gg Further reading EditSmith Peter Susan 2016 Enlightenment from the East Early Nineteenth Century Russian Views of the East from Kazan University Znanie Ponimanie Umenie 13 1 318 338 doi 10 17805 zpu 2016 1 29 Churkin A The memoir and autobiographical prose of S T Aksakov problems of poetics Thesis in RussianExternal links Edit nbsp Media related to Sergey Aksakov at Wikimedia Commons Works by Sergey Aksakov at Project Gutenberg Works by or about Sergey Aksakov at Internet Archive Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Sergey Aksakov amp oldid 1176618781, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.