The September equinox (or southward equinox) is the moment when the Sun appears to cross the celestial equator, heading southward. Because of differences between the calendar year and the tropical year, the September equinox may occur anytime from September 21 to 24.
At the equinox, the Sun as viewed from the equatorrises due east and sets due west. Before the Southward equinox, the Sun rises and sets more northerly, and afterwards, it rises and sets more southerly.
The equinox may be taken to mark the end of astronomical summer and the beginning of astronomical autumn (autumnal equinox) in the Northern Hemisphere, while marking the end of astronomical winter and the start of astronomical spring (vernal equinox) in the Southern Hemisphere.[7]
The solar point of the September equinox passed from Libra and into Virgo in −729 (730 BCE) and will enter Leo in 2439.
Apparent movement of the Sun in relation to the horizon
At the equinox, the Sun rises directly in the east and sets directly in the west. However, because of refraction it will usually appear slightly above the horizon at the moment when its "true" middle is rising or setting. For viewers at the north or south poles, it moves virtually horizontally on or above the horizon, not obviously rising or setting apart from the movement in "declination" (and hence altitude) of a little under a half (0.39) degree per day.
For observers in either hemisphere not at the poles, the Sun rises and sets more and more to the south during the 3 months following the September equinox. This period is the second half of a 6-month long southerly movement, beginning with the June solstice when the Sun rises and sets at its most northern point.
In Japan Autumnal Equinox Day (秋分の日, Shūbun no hi) is a public holiday.[9]Higan (お彼岸) is a Buddhist holiday exclusively celebrated by Japanese sects during both the Spring and Autumnal Equinox.
In Korea, Chuseok is a major harvest festival and a three-day holiday celebrated around the Autumn Equinox.
The Mid-Autumn Festival is celebrated on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month, often near the autumnal equinox day, and is an official holiday in mainland China, Hong Kong, Taiwan and in many countries with a significant Chinese minority. As the lunar calendar is not synchronous with the Gregorian calendar, this date could be anywhere from mid-September to early October.
The traditional East Asian calendars divide a year into 24 solar terms (节气, literally "climatic segments"), and the autumnal equinox (Qiūfēn, Chinese and Japanese: 秋分; Korean: 추분; Vietnamese: Thu phân) marks the middle of the autumn season. In this context, the Chinese character 分 means "(equal) division" (within a season).
Judaism
The Jewish Sukkot usually falls on the first full moon after the northern hemisphere autumnal equinox, although occasionally (In the modern Jewish calendar, three times every 19 years) it will occur on the second full moon.
Dożynki is a Slavic harvest festival. In pre-Christian times the feast usually fell on the autumn equinox.
The Southward equinox was "New Year's Day" in the French Republican Calendar, which was in use from 1793 to 1805. The French First Republic was proclaimed and the French monarchy was abolished on September 21, 1792, making the following day (the equinox day that year) the first day of the "Republican Era" in France. The start of every year was to be determined by astronomical calculations following the real Sun and not the mean Sun.
The traditional harvest festival in the United Kingdom was celebrated on the Sunday of the full moon closest to the September equinox.
Neopaganism
Neopagans observe the September equinox as a cardinal point on the Wheel of the Year. In the Northern Hemisphere some varieties of paganism adapt Autumn Equinox traditions. In the Southern Hemisphere, the vernal equinox corresponds with Ostara.
Americas
The reconstructed Cahokia Woodhenge, a large timber circle located at the Mississippian cultureCahokiaarchaeological site near Collinsville, Illinois,[10] is the site of annual equinox and solstice sunrise observances. An announcement for the 2017 observance said "Out of respect for Native American beliefs, no rituals or ceremonies will be held at the free event. But visitors will stand in the same place where the Mississippian people once gathered to watch the sun rise."[11][12][13]
^"Defining Seasons". Time and Date AS. Retrieved May 31, 2019.
^"Solstices & Equinoxes for UTC (Surrounding 10 Years)". www.timeanddate.com. Retrieved October 10, 2021.
^"Autumnal Equinox Day (秋分の日): More Than Just a Change of Seasons". cotoacademy.com. September 23, 2017. Retrieved September 22, 2020.
^"Visitors Guide to the Woodhenge". Retrieved December 19, 2017.
^Iseminger, William. "Welcome the Fall Equinox at Cahokia Mounds". Illinois Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved December 20, 2017.
^"Winter Solstice Sunrise Observance at Cahokia Mounds". Collinsville Chamber of Commerce. Retrieved December 20, 2017.
^"Cahokia Mounds Mark Spring Equinox : The keepers of Cahokia Mounds will host a spring gathering to celebrate the vernal equinox". Indian Country Today. Indian Country Media Network. Retrieved December 20, 2017.
september, equinox, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, septemb. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources September equinox news newspapers books scholar JSTOR September 2021 Learn how and when to remove this template message UT date and time of equinoxes and solstices on Earth 1 2 event equinox solstice equinox solsticemonth March 3 June 4 September 5 December 6 year day time day time day time day time2018 20 16 15 21 10 07 23 01 54 21 22 222019 20 21 58 21 15 54 23 07 50 22 04 192020 20 03 50 20 21 43 22 13 31 21 10 032021 20 09 37 21 03 32 22 19 21 21 15 592022 20 15 33 21 09 14 23 01 04 21 21 482023 20 21 25 21 14 58 23 06 50 22 03 282024 20 03 07 20 20 51 22 12 44 21 09 202025 20 09 02 21 02 42 22 18 20 21 15 032026 20 14 46 21 08 25 23 00 06 21 20 502027 20 20 25 21 14 11 23 06 02 22 02 432028 20 02 17 20 20 02 22 11 45 21 08 20The September equinox or southward equinox is the moment when the Sun appears to cross the celestial equator heading southward Because of differences between the calendar year and the tropical year the September equinox may occur anytime from September 21 to 24 Illumination of Earth by the Sun on the day of an equinox At the equinox the Sun as viewed from the equator rises due east and sets due west Before the Southward equinox the Sun rises and sets more northerly and afterwards it rises and sets more southerly The equinox may be taken to mark the end of astronomical summer and the beginning of astronomical autumn autumnal equinox in the Northern Hemisphere while marking the end of astronomical winter and the start of astronomical spring vernal equinox in the Southern Hemisphere 7 Contents 1 Occurrences 2 Constellation 3 Apparent movement of the Sun in relation to the horizon 4 Culture 4 1 Calendars 4 2 Commemorations 4 2 1 West Asia 4 2 2 East Asia 4 2 3 Judaism 4 2 4 Europe 4 2 5 Neopaganism 4 2 6 Americas 5 See also 6 ReferencesOccurrences Edit Sunset at the equinox from the site of Pizzo Vento at Fondachelli Fantina Sicily See also Tropical year The September equinox is one point in time commonly used to determine the length of the tropical year The dates and times of the September equinoxes 8 that occur from the year 2017 to 2027 UTC are listed as follows Date time UTC 2017 09 22 20 012018 09 23 01 542019 09 23 07 502020 09 22 13 302021 09 22 19 212022 09 23 01 032023 09 23 06 502024 09 22 12 432025 09 22 18 192026 09 23 00 052027 09 23 06 01Constellation EditThe point where the Sun crosses the celestial equator southwards is called the First Point of Libra However because of the precession of the equinoxes this point is no longer in the constellation Libra but rather in Virgo The solar point of the September equinox passed from Libra and into Virgo in 729 730 BCE and will enter Leo in 2439 Apparent movement of the Sun in relation to the horizon EditAt the equinox the Sun rises directly in the east and sets directly in the west However because of refraction it will usually appear slightly above the horizon at the moment when its true middle is rising or setting For viewers at the north or south poles it moves virtually horizontally on or above the horizon not obviously rising or setting apart from the movement in declination and hence altitude of a little under a half 0 39 degree per day For observers in either hemisphere not at the poles the Sun rises and sets more and more to the south during the 3 months following the September equinox This period is the second half of a 6 month long southerly movement beginning with the June solstice when the Sun rises and sets at its most northern point Culture EditSee also March equinox Culture Calendars Edit The September equinox marked the first day of the French Republican Calendar Commemorations Edit West Asia Edit The Southward equinox marks the first day of Mehr or Libra in the Iranian calendar It is one of the Iranian festivals called Jashne Mihragan or the festival of sharing or love in Zoroastrianism East Asia Edit In Japan Autumnal Equinox Day 秋分の日 Shubun no hi is a public holiday 9 Higan お彼岸 is a Buddhist holiday exclusively celebrated by Japanese sects during both the Spring and Autumnal Equinox In Korea Chuseok is a major harvest festival and a three day holiday celebrated around the Autumn Equinox The Mid Autumn Festival is celebrated on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month often near the autumnal equinox day and is an official holiday in mainland China Hong Kong Taiwan and in many countries with a significant Chinese minority As the lunar calendar is not synchronous with the Gregorian calendar this date could be anywhere from mid September to early October The traditional East Asian calendars divide a year into 24 solar terms 节气 literally climatic segments and the autumnal equinox Qiufen Chinese and Japanese 秋分 Korean 추분 Vietnamese Thu phan marks the middle of the autumn season In this context the Chinese character 分 means equal division within a season Judaism Edit The Jewish Sukkot usually falls on the first full moon after the northern hemisphere autumnal equinox although occasionally In the modern Jewish calendar three times every 19 years it will occur on the second full moon Rosh Hashanah falls on a new moon close to this equinox Europe Edit Dozynki is a Slavic harvest festival In pre Christian times the feast usually fell on the autumn equinox The Southward equinox was New Year s Day in the French Republican Calendar which was in use from 1793 to 1805 The French First Republic was proclaimed and the French monarchy was abolished on September 21 1792 making the following day the equinox day that year the first day of the Republican Era in France The start of every year was to be determined by astronomical calculations following the real Sun and not the mean Sun The traditional harvest festival in the United Kingdom was celebrated on the Sunday of the full moon closest to the September equinox Neopaganism Edit Neopagans observe the September equinox as a cardinal point on the Wheel of the Year In the Northern Hemisphere some varieties of paganism adapt Autumn Equinox traditions In the Southern Hemisphere the vernal equinox corresponds with Ostara Americas Edit The reconstructed Cahokia Woodhenge a large timber circle located at the Mississippian culture Cahokia archaeological site near Collinsville Illinois 10 is the site of annual equinox and solstice sunrise observances An announcement for the 2017 observance said Out of respect for Native American beliefs no rituals or ceremonies will be held at the free event But visitors will stand in the same place where the Mississippian people once gathered to watch the sun rise 11 12 13 See also EditMarch equinox June solstice December solsticeReferences Edit Astronomical Applications Department of USNO Earth s Seasons Equinoxes Solstices Perihelion and Aphelion Retrieved August 1 2022 Solstices and Equinoxes 2001 to 2100 AstroPixels com February 20 2018 Retrieved December 21 2018 Equinoxe de printemps entre 1583 et 2999 Solstice d ete de 1583 a 2999 Equinoxe d automne de 1583 a 2999 Solstice d hiver Defining Seasons Time and Date AS Retrieved May 31 2019 Solstices amp Equinoxes for UTC Surrounding 10 Years www timeanddate com Retrieved October 10 2021 Autumnal Equinox Day 秋分の日 More Than Just a Change of Seasons cotoacademy com September 23 2017 Retrieved September 22 2020 Visitors Guide to the Woodhenge Retrieved December 19 2017 Iseminger William Welcome the Fall Equinox at Cahokia Mounds Illinois Department of Natural Resources Retrieved December 20 2017 Winter Solstice Sunrise Observance at Cahokia Mounds Collinsville Chamber of Commerce Retrieved December 20 2017 Cahokia Mounds Mark Spring Equinox The keepers of Cahokia Mounds will host a spring gathering to celebrate the vernal equinox Indian Country Today Indian Country Media Network Retrieved December 20 2017 Portals Astronomy Holidays Stars Spaceflight Outer space Solar System Science Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title September equinox amp oldid 1133792883, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
