Semantic properties or meaning properties are those aspects of a linguistic unit, such as a morpheme, word, or sentence, that contribute to the meaning of that unit. Basic semantic properties include being meaningful or meaningless – for example, whether a given word is part of a language's lexicon with a generally understood meaning; polysemy, having multiple, typically related, meanings; ambiguity, having meanings which aren't necessarily related; and anomaly, where the elements of a unit are semantically incompatible with each other, although possibly grammatically sound. Beyond the expression itself, there are higher-level semantic relations that describe the relationship between units: these include synonymy, antonymy, and hyponymy.[1][2][3]
Besides basic properties of semantics, semantic property is also sometimes used to describe the semantic components of a word, such as man assuming that the referent is human, male, and adult, or female being a common component of girl, woman, and actress. In this sense, semantic properties are used to define the semantic field of a word or set of words.[4][5]
Physical properties refer to how an entity exists in space. It can include shape, size, and material, for example.[7]
The function class of semantic properties refers to noun class markers that indicate the purpose of an entity or how humans utilize an entity. For example, in the Dyirbal language, the morpheme balam marks each entity in its noun class with the semantic property of edibility,[8] and Burmese encodes the semantic property for the ability to cut or pierce. Encoding the functional property for transportation, housing, and speech are also attested in world languages.[9]
Notes
^Akmajian, Adrian; Richard A. Demers, Ann K. Farmer, Robert M. Harnish (2001). Linguistics: An Introduction to Language and Communication. MIT Press. ISBN0-262-51123-1. pp. 237–241
^Small, Steven Lawrence; Cottrell, Garrison Weeks & Tanenhaus, Michael K. (1988). Lexical ambiguity resolution: perspectives from psycholinguistics, neuropsychology, and artificial intelligence. Morgan Kaufmann. ISBN0-934613-50-8, ISBN978-0-934613-50-7.
^Murphy, M. Lynne (2003). Semantic Relations and the Lexicon: Antonymy, Synonymy, and Other Paradigms. Cambridge University Press. ISBN0-521-78067-5, ISBN978-0-521-78067-4.
^Brinton, Laurel J. (2000). The structure of modern English: a linguistic introduction. Illustrated edition. John Benjamins Publishing Company. ISBN9027225672, 9789027225672. p.112
^Leech, Geoffrey (1974). Semantics. Pelican Books. ISBN0-14-021694-4. pp. 96-102
^Frawley, William (1992). Linguistic Semantics. New York: Routledge. p. 138.
^Frawley, William (1992). Linguistic Semantics. New York: Routledge. p. 121.
^Lakoff, George (1987). Women, Fire, and Dangerous Things. Chicago: University of Chicago. p. 93. ISBN9780226468037.
^Frawley, William (1992). Linguistic Semantics. New York: Routledge. pp. 129–130.
semantic, property, semantic, properties, meaning, properties, those, aspects, linguistic, unit, such, morpheme, word, sentence, that, contribute, meaning, that, unit, basic, semantic, properties, include, being, meaningful, meaningless, example, whether, give. Semantic properties or meaning properties are those aspects of a linguistic unit such as a morpheme word or sentence that contribute to the meaning of that unit Basic semantic properties include being meaningful or meaningless for example whether a given word is part of a language s lexicon with a generally understood meaning polysemy having multiple typically related meanings ambiguity having meanings which aren t necessarily related and anomaly where the elements of a unit are semantically incompatible with each other although possibly grammatically sound Beyond the expression itself there are higher level semantic relations that describe the relationship between units these include synonymy antonymy and hyponymy 1 2 3 Besides basic properties of semantics semantic property is also sometimes used to describe the semantic components of a word such as man assuming that the referent is human male and adult or female being a common component of girl woman and actress In this sense semantic properties are used to define the semantic field of a word or set of words 4 5 Semantic properties of nouns EditSemantic properties of nouns entities can be divided into eight classes specificity boundedness animacy gender kinship social status physical properties and function 6 Physical properties refer to how an entity exists in space It can include shape size and material for example 7 The function class of semantic properties refers to noun class markers that indicate the purpose of an entity or how humans utilize an entity For example in the Dyirbal language the morpheme balam marks each entity in its noun class with the semantic property of edibility 8 and Burmese encodes the semantic property for the ability to cut or pierce Encoding the functional property for transportation housing and speech are also attested in world languages 9 Notes Edit Akmajian Adrian Richard A Demers Ann K Farmer Robert M Harnish 2001 Linguistics An Introduction to Language and Communication MIT Press ISBN 0 262 51123 1 pp 237 241 Small Steven Lawrence Cottrell Garrison Weeks amp Tanenhaus Michael K 1988 Lexical ambiguity resolution perspectives from psycholinguistics neuropsychology and artificial intelligence Morgan Kaufmann ISBN 0 934613 50 8 ISBN 978 0 934613 50 7 Murphy M Lynne 2003 Semantic Relations and the Lexicon Antonymy Synonymy and Other Paradigms Cambridge University Press ISBN 0 521 78067 5 ISBN 978 0 521 78067 4 Brinton Laurel J 2000 The structure of modern English a linguistic introduction Illustrated edition John Benjamins Publishing Company ISBN 9027225672 9789027225672 p 112 Leech Geoffrey 1974 Semantics Pelican Books ISBN 0 14 021694 4 pp 96 102 Frawley William 1992 Linguistic Semantics New York Routledge p 138 Frawley William 1992 Linguistic Semantics New York Routledge p 121 Lakoff George 1987 Women Fire and Dangerous Things Chicago University of Chicago p 93 ISBN 9780226468037 Frawley William 1992 Linguistic Semantics New York Routledge pp 129 130 See also EditSemantic class Semantic feature This semantics article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Semantic property amp oldid 1162112451, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
