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The Second Serbian Uprising (Serbian: Други српски устанак / Drugi srpski ustanak, Turkish: İkinci Sırp Ayaklanması) was the second phase of the Serbian Revolution against the Ottoman Empire, which erupted shortly after the re-annexation of the country to the Ottoman Empire in 1813. The occupation was enforced following the defeat of the First Serbian Uprising (1804–1813), during which Serbia existed as a de facto independent state for over a decade. The second revolution ultimately resulted in Serbian semi-independence from the Ottoman Empire. The Principality of Serbia was established, governed by its own parliament, constitution and royal dynasty. De jure independence, however, was attained in 1878, following the decisions of the Congress of Berlin.[1]
The First Serbian Uprising liberated the country for a significant time (1804–1813) from the Ottoman Empire; for the first time in three centuries, Serbs governed themselves without the supremacy of the Ottoman Empire or Habsburg Austria. After the failure of the First Serbian Uprising 1813, most commanders escaped to the Habsburg Monarchy, including Karađorđe Petrović, leader of the First Serbian Uprising.
Only a few commanders Miloš Obrenović, Stanoje Glavaš etc. remained in Serbia trying by one specific diplomatic way to protect and share the destiny of the local people.
The Uprising at Takovo, by Vinzenz Katzler, 1882
Miloš Obrenović surrendered to the Ottoman Turks and received the title of "obor-knez" ("senior leader"). Stanoje Glavaš also surrendered to the Turks and was made a supervisor of a road, but the Turks killed him after they became suspicious of him. Hadži Prodan Gligorijević knew the Turks would arrest him and so declared an uprising in 1814, but Obrenović felt the time was not right for an uprising and did not provide assistance.
Hadži Prodan's Uprising soon failed and he fled to Austria. After the failure of this revolt, the Turks inflicted more persecution against the Serbs, such as high taxation, forced labor, and rape. In March 1815, Serbs had several meetings and decided upon a new revolt.
The national council proclaimed open revolt against the Ottoman Empire in Takovo on 23 April 1815. Miloš Obrenović was chosen as the leader and famously spoke, "Evo mene, evo vas. Rat Turcima!" ("Here I am, here you are. War to the Turks!"). When the Ottomans discovered the new revolt they sentenced all of its leaders to death. The Serbs fought in battles at Rudnik, Ljubić, Palež, Valjevo, Čačak, Karanovac, Požarevac, Kragujevac, Jagodina, and Dublje and drove the Ottomans out of the Pashalik of Belgrade.
In mid-1815, the first negotiations began between Miloš Obrenović and Marashli Ali Pasha, the Ottoman governor. Miloš Obrenović got a form of partial autonomy for Serbs, and, in 1816, the Turkish Porte signed several documents for the normalization of relations between Serbs and Turks. The result was the acknowledgment of the Principality of Serbia by the Ottoman Empire. Miloš Obrenović received the title of Prince of Serbia. Although the principality paid a yearly tax to the Porte and had a garrison of Ottoman troops in Belgrade until 1867, it was, in most other matters, an independent state. Under the grandson of Miloš's brother, Milan, Serbia gained formal independence in 1878 under the Treaty of Berlin.
In 1817, Miloš Obrenović succeeded in forcing Marashli Ali Pasha to negotiate an unwritten agreement, an act which effectively ended the Second Serbian uprising. The same year, Karađorđe, the leader of the First Uprising, returned to Serbia and was assassinated.
Serbia's semi-independence was reaffirmed by a Ferman from the Porte in 1830, and in 1835 the first constitution in the Balkans was written in the Principality of Serbia. It introduced the Serbian Parliament on the regular basis and established the Obrenović dynasty as the legal heir to the throne of Serbia. It also described Serbia as an independent parliamentary Principality, which outraged the Ottoman Empire and the Habsburg monarchy.
See alsoEdit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Second Serbian Uprising.
Radosavljević, Nedeljko V. (2010). "The Serbian Revolution and the Creation of the Modern State: The Beginning of Geopolitical Changes in the Balkan Peninsula in the 19th Century". Empires and Peninsulas: Southeastern Europe between Karlowitz and the Peace of Adrianople, 1699–1829. Berlin: LIT Verlag. pp. 171–178. ISBN9783643106117.
Rajić, Suzana (2010). "Serbia - the Revival of the Nation-state, 1804-1829: From Turkish Provinces to Autonomous Principality". Empires and Peninsulas: Southeastern Europe between Karlowitz and the Peace of Adrianople, 1699–1829. Berlin: LIT Verlag. pp. 143–148. ISBN9783643106117.
Protić, K. S. "Ратни догађаји из другог српског устанка 1815. год". Archived from the original on 2015-04-22.
Batalaka, Lazar (1899). "Историја српског устанка II" (in Serbian). Belgrade: Kingdom of Serbia. Archived from the original on 2015-04-22.
External linksEdit
Media related to Second Serbian Uprising at Wikimedia Commons
second, serbian, uprising, this, article, multiple, issues, please, help, improve, discuss, these, issues, talk, page, learn, when, remove, these, template, messages, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, artic. This article has multiple issues Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page Learn how and when to remove these template messages This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Second Serbian Uprising news newspapers books scholar JSTOR April 2011 Learn how and when to remove this template message This article relies largely or entirely on a single source Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources Find sources Second Serbian Uprising news newspapers books scholar JSTOR April 2011 Learn how and when to remove this template message The Second Serbian Uprising Serbian Drugi srpski ustanak Drugi srpski ustanak Turkish Ikinci Sirp Ayaklanmasi was the second phase of the Serbian Revolution against the Ottoman Empire which erupted shortly after the re annexation of the country to the Ottoman Empire in 1813 The occupation was enforced following the defeat of the First Serbian Uprising 1804 1813 during which Serbia existed as a de facto independent state for over a decade The second revolution ultimately resulted in Serbian semi independence from the Ottoman Empire The Principality of Serbia was established governed by its own parliament constitution and royal dynasty De jure independence however was attained in 1878 following the decisions of the Congress of Berlin 1 Second Serbian UprisingPart of Serbian RevolutionThe Takovo Uprising 1889 by Paja JovanovicDate23 April 1815 26 July 1817 2 years 3 months and 2 days LocationSanjak of SmederevoResultStrategic Serbian diplomatic victory Establishment of the autonomous Principality of SerbiaTerritorialchangesOttoman Empire loses control of the Sanjak of SmederevoBelligerentsSerbian rebelsOttoman EmpireCommanders and leadersMilos Obrenovic Jovan Obrenovic Milic Drincic Jovan Dobraca Petar Nikolajevic Stojan Cupic Sima Nenadovic Sima Katic Toma Vucic Perisic Tanasko Rajic Marasli Ali Pasha Sulejman Pasha Hursid Pasha Ibrahim Pasa Osman beg Seuchesmu Caja Imsir Kara Mustafa StrengthAt beginning 1 700 later 15 000 men and 3 cannons17 000 later reinforcement 30 000 soldiersCasualties and lossesOver 2 500 killedOver 10 000 killed around 1 000 s Turks and 1 000 s Arnauts captured later released Contents 1 Background 2 Uprising 3 Aftermath 4 See also 5 References 6 Sources 7 External linksBackground EditThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed February 2023 Learn how and when to remove this template message The First Serbian Uprising liberated the country for a significant time 1804 1813 from the Ottoman Empire for the first time in three centuries Serbs governed themselves without the supremacy of the Ottoman Empire or Habsburg Austria After the failure of the First Serbian Uprising 1813 most commanders escaped to the Habsburg Monarchy including Karađorđe Petrovic leader of the First Serbian Uprising Only a few commanders Milos Obrenovic Stanoje Glavas etc remained in Serbia trying by one specific diplomatic way to protect and share the destiny of the local people nbsp The Uprising at Takovo by Vinzenz Katzler 1882Milos Obrenovic surrendered to the Ottoman Turks and received the title of obor knez senior leader Stanoje Glavas also surrendered to the Turks and was made a supervisor of a road but the Turks killed him after they became suspicious of him Hadzi Prodan Gligorijevic knew the Turks would arrest him and so declared an uprising in 1814 but Obrenovic felt the time was not right for an uprising and did not provide assistance Hadzi Prodan s Uprising soon failed and he fled to Austria After the failure of this revolt the Turks inflicted more persecution against the Serbs such as high taxation forced labor and rape In March 1815 Serbs had several meetings and decided upon a new revolt Uprising EditThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed February 2023 Learn how and when to remove this template message nbsp The Uprising at Takovo by Đura Jaksic 1876 78The national council proclaimed open revolt against the Ottoman Empire in Takovo on 23 April 1815 Milos Obrenovic was chosen as the leader and famously spoke Evo mene evo vas Rat Turcima Here I am here you are War to the Turks When the Ottomans discovered the new revolt they sentenced all of its leaders to death The Serbs fought in battles at Rudnik Ljubic Palez Valjevo Cacak Karanovac Pozarevac Kragujevac Jagodina and Dublje and drove the Ottomans out of the Pashalik of Belgrade In mid 1815 the first negotiations began between Milos Obrenovic and Marashli Ali Pasha the Ottoman governor Milos Obrenovic got a form of partial autonomy for Serbs and in 1816 the Turkish Porte signed several documents for the normalization of relations between Serbs and Turks The result was the acknowledgment of the Principality of Serbia by the Ottoman Empire Milos Obrenovic received the title of Prince of Serbia Although the principality paid a yearly tax to the Porte and had a garrison of Ottoman troops in Belgrade until 1867 it was in most other matters an independent state Under the grandson of Milos s brother Milan Serbia gained formal independence in 1878 under the Treaty of Berlin In 1817 Milos Obrenovic succeeded in forcing Marashli Ali Pasha to negotiate an unwritten agreement an act which effectively ended the Second Serbian uprising The same year Karađorđe the leader of the First Uprising returned to Serbia and was assassinated Aftermath EditThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed February 2023 Learn how and when to remove this template message Serbia s semi independence was reaffirmed by a Ferman from the Porte in 1830 and in 1835 the first constitution in the Balkans was written in the Principality of Serbia It introduced the Serbian Parliament on the regular basis and established the Obrenovic dynasty as the legal heir to the throne of Serbia It also described Serbia as an independent parliamentary Principality which outraged the Ottoman Empire and the Habsburg monarchy See also Edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Second Serbian Uprising History of the Serbian Turkish warsReferences Edit Cirkovic 2004 Sources EditCirkovic Sima 2004 The Serbs Malden Blackwell Publishing ISBN 9781405142915 Pavlowitch Stevan K 2002 Serbia The History behind the Name London Hurst amp Company ISBN 9781850654773 Radosavljevic Nedeljko V 2010 The Serbian Revolution and the Creation of the Modern State The Beginning of Geopolitical Changes in the Balkan Peninsula in the 19th Century Empires and Peninsulas Southeastern Europe between Karlowitz and the Peace of Adrianople 1699 1829 Berlin LIT Verlag pp 171 178 ISBN 9783643106117 Rajic Suzana 2010 Serbia the Revival of the Nation state 1804 1829 From Turkish Provinces to Autonomous Principality Empires and Peninsulas Southeastern Europe between Karlowitz and the Peace of Adrianople 1699 1829 Berlin LIT Verlag pp 143 148 ISBN 9783643106117 Protic K S Ratni dogaђaјi iz drugog srpskog ustanka 1815 god Archived from the original on 2015 04 22 Batalaka Lazar 1899 Istoriјa srpskog ustanka II in Serbian Belgrade Kingdom of Serbia Archived from the original on 2015 04 22 External links Edit nbsp Media related to Second Serbian Uprising at Wikimedia Commons John R Lampe Yugoslavia as History Twice there was a Country Cambridge University Press 1996 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Second Serbian Uprising amp oldid 1162046546, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
