Sartilmania is a genus of extinct vascular plants of the Early Devonian (Emsian stage, around 410 to 390 million years ago). Fossils were found on the Sart Tilman campus of the University of Liège, Belgium (after which the genus was named).
The sporophyte of Sartilmania jabachensis has narrow leafless stems (axes), from 0.75 mm to a maximum of 2 mm in diameter, marked with irregular longitudinal striations, which allows them to be distinguished from the stems of Stockmansella langii, with which they are mixed in the deposit. The plant is heavily and irregularly branched, with the lateral branches being arranged spirally. Each lateral branch appears to have ended in a vertically oriented sporangium, which caused a sharp upwards turn if the branch it terminated was near to the horizontal. The sporangia were spatulate (spoon-shaped), most measuring 3.5–4 mm long by 2.5-3.5 mm wide, marked by the same longitudinal striations as were present on the stems. The sporangia opened into two valves along their distal margins. Spores were not found; nor was the vascular system of the stems observed.[1] The gametophyte is not known.
Taxonomyedit
Fairon-Demaret investigated fossils from Sart-Tilman (Liège, Belgium), and discovered that some specimens were identical to those previously called Dawsonites jabachensis. However details of the shape of the sporangia (spore-forming organs) were inconsistent with the definition of the form genusDawsonites, so Fairon-Demaret transferred the species to a new genus, Sartilmania.[1]
Phylogenyedit
Sartilmania has similarities with the genus Renalia. However, the way in which the sporangia of Sartilmania turn upwards and their spatulate rather than reniform (kidney-like) shape distinguish the two genera. In 2004, Crane et al. published a cladogram for the polysporangiophytes, in which Sartilmania, like Renalia, is placed basal to the lycophytes (clubmosses and relatives).[2]
Hao and Xue in 2013 listed the genus as a rhyniophyte.[3]
Referencesedit
^ abcFairon-Demaret, M. (1986), "Les plantes emsiennes du Sart Tilman (Belgique). II. Sartilmania jabachensis (Kräusel et Weyland) comb. nov.", Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology (in French), 47 (3–4): 225–39, doi:10.1016/0034-6667(86)90038-2
^Crane, P.R.; Herendeen, P.; Friis, E.M. (2004), "Fossils and plant phylogeny", American Journal of Botany, 91 (10): 1683–99, doi:10.3732/ajb.91.10.1683, PMID 21652317
^Hao, Shougang & Xue, Jinzhuang (2013), The early Devonian Posongchong flora of Yunnan: a contribution to an understanding of the evolution and early diversification of vascular plants, Beijing: Science Press, p. 329, ISBN978-7-03-036616-0, retrieved 2019-10-25
sartilmania, genus, extinct, vascular, plants, early, devonian, emsian, stage, around, million, years, fossils, were, found, sart, tilman, campus, university, liège, belgium, after, which, genus, named, temporal, range, early, devonian, preꞒ, scientific, class. Sartilmania is a genus of extinct vascular plants of the Early Devonian Emsian stage around 410 to 390 million years ago Fossils were found on the Sart Tilman campus of the University of Liege Belgium after which the genus was named SartilmaniaTemporal range Early Devonian PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Scientific classification Kingdom Plantae Clade Tracheophytes Stem group Rhyniophytes Genus SartilmaniaFairon Dem 1986 1 Species S jabachensis Krausel amp Weyland Fairon Dem Contents 1 Description 2 Taxonomy 3 Phylogeny 4 References 5 External linksDescription editThe sporophyte of Sartilmania jabachensis has narrow leafless stems axes from 0 75 mm to a maximum of 2 mm in diameter marked with irregular longitudinal striations which allows them to be distinguished from the stems of Stockmansella langii with which they are mixed in the deposit The plant is heavily and irregularly branched with the lateral branches being arranged spirally Each lateral branch appears to have ended in a vertically oriented sporangium which caused a sharp upwards turn if the branch it terminated was near to the horizontal The sporangia were spatulate spoon shaped most measuring 3 5 4 mm long by 2 5 3 5 mm wide marked by the same longitudinal striations as were present on the stems The sporangia opened into two valves along their distal margins Spores were not found nor was the vascular system of the stems observed 1 The gametophyte is not known Taxonomy editFairon Demaret investigated fossils from Sart Tilman Liege Belgium and discovered that some specimens were identical to those previously called Dawsonites jabachensis However details of the shape of the sporangia spore forming organs were inconsistent with the definition of the form genus Dawsonites so Fairon Demaret transferred the species to a new genus Sartilmania 1 Phylogeny editSartilmania has similarities with the genus Renalia However the way in which the sporangia of Sartilmania turn upwards and their spatulate rather than reniform kidney like shape distinguish the two genera In 2004 Crane et al published a cladogram for the polysporangiophytes in which Sartilmania like Renalia is placed basal to the lycophytes clubmosses and relatives 2 tracheophytes Rhyniaceae Huvenia Rhynia Stockmansella basal groups Aberlemnia caledonica Cooksonia caledonica Cooksonia pertoni basal groups Cooksonia cambrensis Renalia Sartilmania Uskiella Yunia lycophytes euphyllophytes Hao and Xue in 2013 listed the genus as a rhyniophyte 3 References edit a b c Fairon Demaret M 1986 Les plantes emsiennes du Sart Tilman Belgique II Sartilmania jabachensis Krausel et Weyland comb nov Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology in French 47 3 4 225 39 doi 10 1016 0034 6667 86 90038 2 Crane P R Herendeen P Friis E M 2004 Fossils and plant phylogeny American Journal of Botany 91 10 1683 99 doi 10 3732 ajb 91 10 1683 PMID 21652317 Hao Shougang amp Xue Jinzhuang 2013 The early Devonian Posongchong flora of Yunnan a contribution to an understanding of the evolution and early diversification of vascular plants Beijing Science Press p 329 ISBN 978 7 03 036616 0 retrieved 2019 10 25External links editCladogram from Crane Herendeen amp Friis 2004 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Sartilmania amp oldid 1193404860, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
