The Rigveda mentions the sapta-sindhavaḥ (Sanskrit: सप्तसिन्धवः, seven rivers), along with other rivers:
“He has surveyed eight summits of the Earth, three shore or desert regions, seven rivers.” (aṣṭaú vy àkhyat kakúbhaḥ pr̥thivyā́s trī́ dhánva yójanā saptá síndhūn RV.I.35.8).[1]
Identification of Rigvedic hydronyms has engaged multiple historians; it is the single most important way of establishing the geography and chronology of the early Vedic period.[2][3] Rivers with certain identifications stretch from eastern Afghanistan to the western Gangetic plain, clustering in the Punjab. The region's name comes from پنج, panj, 'five' and آب, āb, 'water' thus "five waters", a Persian calque of the Indo-Aryan Pancha-nada meaning "five rivers". Many have cognates in Avestan.
The same names were often imposed on different rivers as the Vedic culture migrated eastward from around Afghanistan (where they stayed for a considerable time) to the subcontinent via Punjab.[2]
List of riversedit
Multiple hydronyms are located in the Rigvedic corpus; they are slotted according to rough geographical locations, following the scheme of Michael Witzel.[2] Alongside, opinions of scholars about modern correlates are provided:[4][5]
Indus:
Síndhu – Identified with Indus.[4] The central lifeline of RV.[5]
Northwestern Rivers:
Tr̥ṣṭā́mā – Blažek identifies with Gilgit.[4] Witzel notes it to be unidentified.[2]
Susártu – Unidentified.
Ánitabhā – Unidentified.
Rasā́ – Described once to be on the upper Indus; at other times a mythical entity.[4]
Mehatnū – A tributary of Gomatī́.[4] Unidentifiable.[2]
Yavyā́vatī – Noted to be a branch of Gomatī́. Witzel as well as Blažek identifies with Zhob River.[2][4] Dähnhardt comments it to be synonymous to Yamúnā or flowing very close to it[5] but Witzel had rejected a similar take by Talgeri.
^Wilson, H.H (27 August 2021). "Rig Veda 1.35.8 [English translation]". www.wisdomlib.org. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
^ abcdefghWitzel, Michael (1998). "Aryan and non-Aryan Names in Vedic India: Data for the linguistic situation, c. 1900-500 B.C". In Bronkhorst, James; Deshpande, Madhav (eds.). Aryans and Non-Non-Aryans: Evidence, Interpretation and Ideology. Harvard Oriental Series. Cambridge. pp. 337–404.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^"Sapta Sinhavas- The land of seven rivers" (PDF). M. Aslamkhan.
^ abcdDähnhardt, Thomas Wolfgang Peter (2009). "The descent of King Lion: Some considerations on the relations between the Indus and other rivers in the sacred geography and culture of ancient India". In Filippi, Gian Giuseppe (ed.). I fiumi sacri. Indoasiatica. Vol. 6. Libreria Editrice Cafoscarina. pp. 189–208. ISBN9788875432416.
^Kochhar, Rajesh (1999), "On the identity and chronology of the Ṛgvedic river Sarasvatī", in Roger Blench; Matthew Spriggs (eds.), Archaeology and Language III; Artefacts, languages and texts, Routledge, p. 262, ISBN0-415-10054-2
^Kar, Amal; Ghose, Bimal (1984). "The Drishadvati River System of India: An Assessment and New Findings". The Geographical Journal. 150 (2): 221–229. doi:10.2307/635000. ISSN 0016-7398. JSTOR 635000.
Gherardo Gnoli, De Zoroastre à Mani. Quatre leçons au Collège de France (Travaux de l’Institut d’Études Iraniennes de l’Université de la Sorbonne Nouvelle 11), Paris (1985)
January 01, 1970
rigvedic, rivers, hindu, river, redirects, here, river, known, sindhū, indus, river, rigveda, refers, number, rivers, located, northwestern, indian, subcontinent, from, gandhara, kurukshetra, rivers, mentioned, rigveda, contents, rigvedic, geography, list, riv. Hindu river redirects here For the river known as the Sindhu see Indus River The Rigveda refers to a number of rivers located in the northwestern Indian subcontinent from Gandhara to Kurukshetra Rivers mentioned in Rigveda Contents 1 Rigvedic geography 2 List of rivers 3 See also 4 References 5 Further readingRigvedic geography editThe Rigveda mentions the sapta sindhavaḥ Sanskrit सप तस न धव seven rivers along with other rivers He has surveyed eight summits of the Earth three shore or desert regions seven rivers aṣṭau vy akhyat kakubhaḥ pr thivya s tri dhanva yojana sapta sindhun RV I 35 8 1 Identification of Rigvedic hydronyms has engaged multiple historians it is the single most important way of establishing the geography and chronology of the early Vedic period 2 3 Rivers with certain identifications stretch from eastern Afghanistan to the western Gangetic plain clustering in the Punjab The region s name comes from پنج panj five and آب ab water thus five waters a Persian calque of the Indo Aryan Pancha nada meaning five rivers Many have cognates in Avestan The same names were often imposed on different rivers as the Vedic culture migrated eastward from around Afghanistan where they stayed for a considerable time to the subcontinent via Punjab 2 List of rivers editMultiple hydronyms are located in the Rigvedic corpus they are slotted according to rough geographical locations following the scheme of Michael Witzel 2 Alongside opinions of scholars about modern correlates are provided 4 5 Indus Sindhu Identified with Indus 4 The central lifeline of RV 5 Northwestern Rivers Tr ṣṭa ma Blazek identifies with Gilgit 4 Witzel notes it to be unidentified 2 Susartu Unidentified Anitabha Unidentified Rasa Described once to be on the upper Indus at other times a mythical entity 4 Mehatnu A tributary of Gomati 4 Unidentifiable 2 Svetya Unidentified Kubha Identified with Kabul river Krumu Identified with Kurrum Suva stu Identified with Swat Gomati Identified with Gomal Sarayu Harōiiu Blazek identifies with Sarju 4 Witzel identifies with Hari 2 Kuṣava Probably Chitral river or Kunar Yavya vati Noted to be a branch of Gomati Witzel as well as Blazek identifies with Zhob River 2 4 Dahnhardt comments it to be synonymous to Yamuna or flowing very close to it 5 but Witzel had rejected a similar take by Talgeri Eastern tributaries Suṣoma Identified with Soan Arjikiya Blazek identifies with Haro 4 Witzel speculates it to be Poonch or Tawi 2 Rivers of Punjab Vitasta Identified with Jhelum Asikni Identified with Chenab Iravati Identified with Ravi Vipasa Identified with Beas Sutudri Identified with Sutlej Marudvr dha Identified with Mahuvardhavan 4 Haryana Sarasvati 6 Apaya and Apaya Streams rivers of Sarasvati basin 4 Drishadvati 4 5 7 Eastern Rivers Asmanvati Identified with Assan Yamuna Identified with Yamuna Aṃsumati Probably an epithet for Yamuna 4 Gaṅga Identified with Ganga See also edit nbsp Wikiquote has quotations related to Rigvedic rivers Ap water Aryan migration Nadistuti sukta Old European hydronymy Out of India theory Rigvedic deities River goddess Samudra Zhetysu 7 rivers of Central AsiaReferences edit Wilson H H 27 August 2021 Rig Veda 1 35 8 English translation www wisdomlib org Retrieved 22 May 2022 a b c d e f g h Witzel Michael 1998 Aryan and non Aryan Names in Vedic India Data for the linguistic situation c 1900 500 B C In Bronkhorst James Deshpande Madhav eds Aryans and Non Non Aryans Evidence Interpretation and Ideology Harvard Oriental Series Cambridge pp 337 404 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link Sapta Sinhavas The land of seven rivers PDF M Aslamkhan a b c d e f g h i j k l Blazek Vaclav 2016 Hydronymia R gvedica Linguistica Brunensia 64 2 Masaryk University 7 54 a b c d Dahnhardt Thomas Wolfgang Peter 2009 The descent of King Lion Some considerations on the relations between the Indus and other rivers in the sacred geography and culture of ancient India In Filippi Gian Giuseppe ed I fiumi sacri Indoasiatica Vol 6 Libreria Editrice Cafoscarina pp 189 208 ISBN 9788875432416 Kochhar Rajesh 1999 On the identity and chronology of the Ṛgvedic river Sarasvati in Roger Blench Matthew Spriggs eds Archaeology and Language III Artefacts languages and texts Routledge p 262 ISBN 0 415 10054 2 Kar Amal Ghose Bimal 1984 The Drishadvati River System of India An Assessment and New Findings The Geographical Journal 150 2 221 229 doi 10 2307 635000 ISSN 0016 7398 JSTOR 635000 Further reading editGeneral Blazek Vaclav Hydronymia R gvedica In Linguistica Brunensia 2016 vol 64 iss 2 pp 7 54 ISSN 2336 4440 ISSN 1803 7410 Gherardo Gnoli De Zoroastre a Mani Quatre lecons au College de France Travaux de l Institut d Etudes Iraniennes de l Universite de la Sorbonne Nouvelle 11 Paris 1985 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Rigvedic rivers amp oldid 1221383435, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
