A sampot (Khmer: សំពត់ /sɑmpʊət/ Khmer pronunciation:[sɑmpɔt]),[1] a long, rectangular cloth worn around the lower body, is a traditional dress in Cambodia.[2] It can be draped and folded in several different ways. The traditional dress is similar to the dhoti of Southern Asia. It is also worn in the neighboring countries of Laos and Thailand where it is known as pha nung (Thai: ผ้านุ่ง[pʰâːnûŋ]).[3]
A traditional Khmer dancer wearing a Sampot Charabap.
The Sampot dates back to the Funan era when a Cambodian king ordered the people of his kingdom to wear the Sampot at the request of Chinese envoys.[4] It is similar to the lungi and dhoti worn in the Indian subcontinent, the longyi worn in Burma, and the sarong worn in maritime Southeast Asia. Silk weaving was an important part of Cambodia's cultural past. People from Takéo Province have woven silk since the Funan era and records, bas-reliefs, and Zhou Daguan's report have shown that looms were used to weave sompots since ancient times.[4]
Complex methods and intricate patterns have been developed to make the cloth, one of which is the hol method which involves dyeing patterns on silk before weaving. What remains unique to Cambodian weavers is the uneven twill technique. The reason they adopted such an unusual method remains unclear.[5]
However, little is known about the Old Khmer vocabulary for these fabrics, and if the sampot today was simply changed over time from the original Angkorian textiles. The ancient bas-reliefs however provide a complete look at what fabrics were like, down to patterns and pleats. Silk woven cloths are used in weddings and funerals and for decoration of temples.[6]
9-10th century Khmer statue wearing another design of sampot
Folded sampot
Textilesedit
There are three important silk textiles in Cambodia. They include the ikat silks (chong kiet in Khmer), or hol, the twill-patterned silks and the weft ikat textiles.[citation needed] Patterns are made by tying natural and synthetic fibers on the weft threads and then it is dyed. It is repeated for different colors until the patterns firm and cloth is woven.[citation needed]
Traditionally, five colors are used, predominantly red, yellow, green, blue and black.[citation needed] The Sompot Hol is used as a lower garment and as the sompot chang kben. The Pidan Hol is used as a ceremonial hanging used for religious purposes.
Variationsedit
Sampot Phamuong
Sampot Hol
There are many variations of the sampot, each is worn according to class. The typical regular sampot, known also as the sarong is typically worn by men and women of lower class. It measures approximately one and a half meters and both ends are sewn together. It is tied to secure it on the waist.[citation needed]
The Sampot Phamuong សំពត់ផាមួង /sɑmpʊət pʰaa muəŋ/ [7] are many different variations of traditional Khmer textiles. They are single colored and twill woven. There are currently 52 colors used in Sampot Phamuong. The Phamuong Chorabap is a luxurious fabric using up to 22 needles to create. Phamuong variation are rabak, chorcung, anlounh, kaneiv and bantok. It usually uses floral and geometric motifs. The most valued silk used to create the Phamuong is Cambodian yellow silk, known for its fine quality in the region. New designs draw inspiration from ancient patterns on old silk.
The Sampot Hol សំពត់ហូល /sɑmpʊət hool/ [8] is a typical traditional textile. There are two kinds of Sampot Hol, one is a wrapping skirt that uses a technique called chang kiet and twill weave. Influenced by the Indian patola, it developed patterns and techniques over the centuries to become a genuine Khmer art style. The sampot hol has over 200 patterns combined with three to five colors, yellow, red, brown, blue, and green. There are four variations, sampot hol, sompot hol por, sampot hol kben, and sampot hol ktong. Patterns are usually geometric motifs, animals, and flower motifs.
In daily lifeedit
Khmer women wearing modern style Khmer evening dress. Those are worn during formal events, weddings, dinners, and parties.
The sompot is deeply rooted in Cambodia. Even though the French brought a degree of Westernization to Cambodia, Cambodians continued to wear the sompot. Royalty and government officials used the sampot chang kben with a formal jacket. The sompot chong kben and sompot phamuong are still worn by Cambodians today during special occasions, and rural and poor Khmers still prefer it over Western-style clothing for its comfort.
The material used by poor and rural Cambodians is not hand-woven silk but printed batik-patterned cloth imported from Indonesia. It is still popular with both men and women alike and is regarded by the people of Cambodia as their national garment.[citation needed]
^James C. Ingram. Economic change in Thailand 1850-1970. Stanford University Press, 1971, p. 10 By
^ abGreen, Gillian. "Textiles at the Khmer Court". Arts of Asia 30 (4): 82–92.
^Textiles of the Highland Peoples of Burma, Vol. 2: The Northern Mon-Khmer, Rawang, Upland Burmish, Lolo, Karen, Tai, and Hmong-Mien-Speaking Groups, 2005. Michael C. Howard. White Lotus Co Ltd., ISBN978-9744800749
^Joachim Schliesinger. Ethnic Groups of Cambodia Vol 2: Profile of Austro-Asiatic-Speaking Peoples. 312 pag. ISBN163-3232379, ISBN978-1633232372
sampot, sampot, khmer, ពត, sɑmpʊət, khmer, pronunciation, sɑmpɔt, long, rectangular, cloth, worn, around, lower, body, traditional, dress, cambodia, draped, folded, several, different, ways, traditional, dress, similar, dhoti, southern, asia, also, worn, neigh. A sampot Khmer ស ពត sɑmpʊet Khmer pronunciation sɑmpɔt 1 a long rectangular cloth worn around the lower body is a traditional dress in Cambodia 2 It can be draped and folded in several different ways The traditional dress is similar to the dhoti of Southern Asia It is also worn in the neighboring countries of Laos and Thailand where it is known as pha nung Thai phanung pʰaː nuŋ 3 A traditional Khmer dancer wearing a Sampot Charabap Contents 1 Origins 2 Textiles 3 Variations 4 In daily life 5 See also 6 Further reading 7 References 8 External linksOrigins editThe Sampot dates back to the Funan era when a Cambodian king ordered the people of his kingdom to wear the Sampot at the request of Chinese envoys 4 It is similar to the lungi and dhoti worn in the Indian subcontinent the longyi worn in Burma and the sarong worn in maritime Southeast Asia Silk weaving was an important part of Cambodia s cultural past People from Takeo Province have woven silk since the Funan era and records bas reliefs and Zhou Daguan s report have shown that looms were used to weave sompots since ancient times 4 Complex methods and intricate patterns have been developed to make the cloth one of which is the hol method which involves dyeing patterns on silk before weaving What remains unique to Cambodian weavers is the uneven twill technique The reason they adopted such an unusual method remains unclear 5 However little is known about the Old Khmer vocabulary for these fabrics and if the sampot today was simply changed over time from the original Angkorian textiles The ancient bas reliefs however provide a complete look at what fabrics were like down to patterns and pleats Silk woven cloths are used in weddings and funerals and for decoration of temples 6 nbsp 11th century Khmer statue wearing sampot samloy Guimet Museum Paris nbsp Modern sampot samloy nbsp 9 10th century Khmer statue wearing another design of sampot nbsp Folded sampotTextiles editThere are three important silk textiles in Cambodia They include the ikat silks chong kiet in Khmer or hol the twill patterned silks and the weft ikat textiles citation needed Patterns are made by tying natural and synthetic fibers on the weft threads and then it is dyed It is repeated for different colors until the patterns firm and cloth is woven citation needed Traditionally five colors are used predominantly red yellow green blue and black citation needed The Sompot Hol is used as a lower garment and as the sompot chang kben The Pidan Hol is used as a ceremonial hanging used for religious purposes Variations edit nbsp Sampot Phamuong nbsp Sampot Hol There are many variations of the sampot each is worn according to class The typical regular sampot known also as the sarong is typically worn by men and women of lower class It measures approximately one and a half meters and both ends are sewn together It is tied to secure it on the waist citation needed The Sampot Phamuong ស ពត ផ ម ង sɑmpʊet pʰaa mueŋ 7 are many different variations of traditional Khmer textiles They are single colored and twill woven There are currently 52 colors used in Sampot Phamuong The Phamuong Chorabap is a luxurious fabric using up to 22 needles to create Phamuong variation are rabak chorcung anlounh kaneiv and bantok It usually uses floral and geometric motifs The most valued silk used to create the Phamuong is Cambodian yellow silk known for its fine quality in the region New designs draw inspiration from ancient patterns on old silk The Sampot Hol ស ពត ហ ល sɑmpʊet hool 8 is a typical traditional textile There are two kinds of Sampot Hol one is a wrapping skirt that uses a technique called chang kiet and twill weave Influenced by the Indian patola it developed patterns and techniques over the centuries to become a genuine Khmer art style The sampot hol has over 200 patterns combined with three to five colors yellow red brown blue and green There are four variations sampot hol sompot hol por sampot hol kben and sampot hol ktong Patterns are usually geometric motifs animals and flower motifs In daily life edit nbsp Khmer women wearing modern style Khmer evening dress Those are worn during formal events weddings dinners and parties The sompot is deeply rooted in Cambodia Even though the French brought a degree of Westernization to Cambodia Cambodians continued to wear the sompot Royalty and government officials used the sampot chang kben with a formal jacket The sompot chong kben and sompot phamuong are still worn by Cambodians today during special occasions and rural and poor Khmers still prefer it over Western style clothing for its comfort The material used by poor and rural Cambodians is not hand woven silk but printed batik patterned cloth imported from Indonesia It is still popular with both men and women alike and is regarded by the people of Cambodia as their national garment citation needed See also editCambodian clothing Culture of Cambodia Sompot Samloy Longyi Lungi Malong Patadyong Sarong SinhFurther reading editGillian Green 2003 Traditional textiles of Cambodia Bangkok River Books ISBN 974 8225 39 9 References edit SEAlang Dictionary www sealang net Retrieved 2023 10 11 Emma C Bunker Douglas Latchford Adoration and glory the golden age of Khmer art Art Media Resources 2004 p 35 James C Ingram Economic change in Thailand 1850 1970 Stanford University Press 1971 p 10 By a b Green Gillian Textiles at the Khmer Court Arts of Asia 30 4 82 92 Textiles of the Highland Peoples of Burma Vol 2 The Northern Mon Khmer Rawang Upland Burmish Lolo Karen Tai and Hmong Mien Speaking Groups 2005 Michael C Howard White Lotus Co Ltd ISBN 978 9744800749 Joachim Schliesinger Ethnic Groups of Cambodia Vol 2 Profile of Austro Asiatic Speaking Peoples 312 pag ISBN 163 3232379 ISBN 978 1633232372 SEAlang Dictionary www sealang net Retrieved 2023 10 11 SEAlang Dictionary www sealang net Retrieved 2023 10 11 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sampot https web archive org web 20070927205831 http www camnet com kh cambodia daily selected features color htm http www bookrags com research clothing traditionalcambodia ema 02 Portals nbsp Society nbsp Fashion Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Sampot amp oldid 1221170887, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
