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Salomėja Nėris

August 29, 2023

Salomėja Bačinskaitė-Bučienė, mostly known by her pen name Nėris (Lithuanian pronunciation: ​[sɐɫɔˈmeːjɐ neːˈrɪs]; 17 November 1904 – 7 July 1945) was a Lithuanian poet.

Salomėja Nėris
Born(1904-11-17)November 17, 1904
Kiršai, Alvitas County, Suwałki Governorate, Russian Empire
(in modern Lithuania)
Died7 July 1945(1945-07-07) (aged 40)
Moscow, Russian SFSR, USSR
Resting placePetrašiūnai Cemetery, Kaunas, Lithuania
OccupationPoet, teacher
LanguageLithuanian
Years activec. 1921–1945
SpouseBernardas Bučas
Children1

Biography Edit

Salomėja was born in Kiršai, Suwałki Governorate (current district of Vilkaviškis). She graduated from the University of Lithuania where she studied Lithuanian and German language and literature.

After she was a teacher in Lazdijai, Kaunas, and Panevėžys, her first collection of poems titled Anksti rytą (In the Early Morning), was published in 1927.

In 1928, Salomėja graduated from the university and was appointed to teach German language at the gymnasium of the Žiburys Society in Lazdijai. Until 1931, Nėris contributed to nationalist and Roman Catholic publications. While studying German in Vienna, in 1929, Salomėja met Lithuanian medical student Bronius Zubrickas and became attracted to him. Zubrickas had socialist views and Salomėja engaged in socialist activities in order to court him.[1]

In 1931, Salomėja moved to live in Kaunas, where she gave lessons and edited Lithuanian folk tales. In the second collection of Salomėja's poetry, Pėdos smėly (The Footprints in the Sand), there is evidence of the onset of a profound spiritual crisis. In the same year, verses containing revolutionary motifs were published in the pro-communist literary journal Trečias frontas (The Third Front).

A promise to work for communism was also published. However, it was not written by her. It was written by the chief ideological editor of Trečias frontas, Kostas Korsakas, and communist activist Valys Drazdauskas (Salomėja was more interested in writing poetry than in declarations, politics and theories about art).[2]

Salomėja Nėris was awarded the State Literature Prize in 1938. She was a member of the Catholic youth and student organization Ateitis.

Activities during the Soviet occupation Edit

Controversy surrounds her involvement with the Soviet occupation. She was appointed as a deputy to the Soviet-backed People's Seimas and was a member of the delegation to the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union to request Lithuania be accepted into the Soviet Union.

Salomėja was requested to write a poem in honour of Stalin and was subsequently awarded the Stalin Prize (posthumously, in 1947). After that, she wrote more verses on the theme, as encouraged by the Soviet Communist Party officials. She spent World War II in the Russian SFSR.

Salomėja Nėris returned to Kaunas but was diagnosed and died of liver cancer in a Moscow hospital in 1945.[3] Her last poems show deep affection for Lithuania itself. She was buried in Kaunas, in a square of the Museum of Culture, and later re-interred in the Cemetery of Petrašiūnai.

Pseudonym Edit

Her original pen name was Neris, the name of the second biggest Lithuanian river. In 1940, she received a letter from her students calling her a traitor to her homeland and asking her not to use the name of the River Neris. She added a grave accent to the "e" and used only the pen name Nėris, which until then had no particular meaning.[2]

Works Edit

 
Neris commemorated on a 1954 Soviet stamp
  • Pėdos smėly. – Kaunas: Sakalas, 1931. – 61p.
  • Per lūžtantį ledą. – Kaunas: Sakalas, 1931. – 48p.
  • Mūsų pasakos / sp. paruošė S.Nėris. – Kaunas: Spindulys, 1934. – 160p.
  • Per lūžtantį ledą. – [Kaunas]: Sakalas, [1935]. – 48p.
  • Diemedžiu žydėsiu. – Kaunas: Sakalas, 1938. – 69p.
  • Eglė žalčių karalienė. – Kaunas: Valst. l-kla, 1940. – 107p.
  • Poema apie Staliną. – Kaunas: Spaudos fondas, 1940. – 16p.
  • Rinktinė. – Kaunas: Valst. l-kla, 1941. – 192p.
  • Dainuok, širdie gyvenimą: eilėraščiai ir poemos. – Kaunas: Valst. l-kla, 1943. – 39p.
  • Lakštingala negali nečiulbėti. – Kaunas: Valst. grož. lit. l-kla, 1945. – 109p.
  • Eglė žalčių karalienė. – [Kaunas]: Valst. grož. lit. l-kla, 1946. – 96p.
  • Poezija: [2t.]. – Kaunas: Valst. grož. lit. l-kla, 1946.
  • Našlaitė. – Kaunas: Valst. grož. lit. l-kla, 1947. – 48p.
  • Žalčio pasaka. – Chicago, 1947. – 112p.
  • Rinktinė. – Vilnius: Valst. grož. lit. l-kla, 1950. – 276p.
  • Eilėraščiai. – Vilnius: Valst. grož. lit. l-kla, 1951. – 84p.
  • Poema apie Staliną. – Vilnius: Valst. grož. lit. l-kla, 1951. – 36p.
  • Pavasario daina. – Vilnius: Valst. grož. lit. l-kla, 1953. – 38p.
  • Poezija. – Vilnius: Valst. grož. lit. l-kla, 1954. – 500p.
  • Baltais takeliais bėga saulytė. – Vilnius: Valst. grož. lit. l-kla, 1956. – 164p.
  • Raštai: trys tomai. – [Vilnius]: Valst. grož. lit. l-kla, 1957.
  • Rinktinė. – Kaunas: Valstybinė pedagoginės literatūros leidykla, 1958. – 112p. – (Mokinio biblioteka).
  • Širdis mana - audrų daina. – Vilnius: Valst. grož. lit. l-kla, 1959. – 474p.
  • Eglė žalčių karalienė: poema pasaka. – Vilnius: Valst. grož. lit. l-kla, 1961. – 51p.
  • Pavasaris per kalnus eina: eilėraščiai. – Vilnius: Valstybinė grožinės literatūros leidykla, 1961. – 511p.
  • Biała ścieżka. – Warszaw: Państ. inst. wydawniczy, 1963. – 34p. – in Polish
  • Kur baltas miestas: rinktinė. – Vilnius: Vaga, 1964. – 143p.
  • Rinktinė. – Kaunas: Šviesa, 1965. – 90p. – (Mokinio biblioteka).
  • Laumės dovanos. – Vilnius: Vaga, 1966. – 25 p.
  • Poezija: 2t. – Vilnius: Vaga, 1966
  • Keturi: poem. – Vilnius: Vaga, 1967.
  • U rodnika. – Vilnius: Vaga, 1967. – in Russian
  • Lirika. – Moscow: Chudožestvennaja literatura, 1971. – 230p. – in Russian
  • Poezija. – Vilnius: Vaga, 1972. – 2 volumes
  • Negesk žiburėli. – Vilnius: Vaga, 1973. – 151p.
  • Egle - zalkšu karaliene: poēma, translation by Daina Avotiņa. – Rīga: Liesma, 1974. – 58p. – in Latvian
  • Širdis mana - audrų daina. – Vilnius: Vaga, 1974. – 477p.
  • Kaip žydėjimas vyšnios: poezijos rinktinė. – Vilnius: Vaga, 1978. – 469p.
  • Poezija: rinktinė. – Vilnius: Vaga, 1979. – 827p.
  • Veter novych dnej: stichotvorenija. – Moscow: Chudožestvennaja literatura, 1979. – 334p. – in Russian
  • Mama! Kur tu?: poem. – Vilnius: Vaga, 1980. – 38p.
  • Nemunėliai plauks. – Vilnius: Vaga, 1980. – 201p.
  • Negesk, žiburėli: eilėraščiai ir poemos. – Vilnius: Vaga, 1983. – 103p.
  • Nedziesti, gaismeklīt. – Rīga: Liesma, 1984. – 129p. – in Latvian
  • Raštai: 3 volumes – Vilnius: Vaga, 1984.
  • Blue sister, river Vilija = sesuo Žydrioji - Vilija = Sestra Golubaja - Vilija. – Moscow: Raduga, 1987. – 261p. – in English and Russian
  • Solovej ne petj ne možet: stichi. – Vilnius: Vaga, 1988. – 160p. – (Litovskaja poezija). – in Russian
  • Egle, koroleva užei: poem, translation by M. Petrov. – Vilnius: Vyturys, 1989. – 62p. – in Russian
  • Wiersze wybrane, translation by M. Stempkowska. – Kaunas: Šviesa, 1989. – 221p. – in Polish
  • Prie didelio kelio: eilėraščiai. – Vilnius: Lietuvos rašytojų s-gos l-kla, 1994. – 96p.
  • Tik ateini ir nueini: rinktinė. – Vilnius: Alma littera, 1995. – 220p.
  • Eglė žalčių karalienė. – Vilnius: Lietus, 1998. – 126p.

References Edit

  1. ^ MOKSLO LIETUVA Nr 2 (314) 2005 m. sausio 20 - vasario 20 d. 2006-12-14 at the Wayback Machine at ml.lms.lt
  2. ^ a b Rasyk.lt: Apie S. Nėries gyvenimo vingius ir jos gyvenimo meiles at www.rasyk.lt
  3. ^ Salomėja Nėris at www.booksfromlithuania.lt

External links Edit

  • Lithuanian Classic Literature Anthology: Salomėja Nėris

August 29, 2023
salomėja, nėris, salomėja, bačinskaitė, bučienė, mostly, known, name, nėris, lithuanian, pronunciation, sɐɫɔˈmeːjɐ, neːˈrɪs, november, 1904, july, 1945, lithuanian, poet, born, 1904, november, 1904kiršai, alvitas, county, suwałki, governorate, russian, empire,. Salomeja Bacinskaite Buciene mostly known by her pen name Neris Lithuanian pronunciation sɐɫɔˈmeːjɐ neːˈrɪs 17 November 1904 7 July 1945 was a Lithuanian poet Salomeja NerisBorn 1904 11 17 November 17 1904Kirsai Alvitas County Suwalki Governorate Russian Empire in modern Lithuania Died7 July 1945 1945 07 07 aged 40 Moscow Russian SFSR USSRResting placePetrasiunai Cemetery Kaunas LithuaniaOccupationPoet teacherLanguageLithuanianYears activec 1921 1945SpouseBernardas BucasChildren1 Contents 1 Biography 1 1 Activities during the Soviet occupation 2 Pseudonym 3 Works 4 References 5 External linksBiography EditSalomeja was born in Kirsai Suwalki Governorate current district of Vilkaviskis She graduated from the University of Lithuania where she studied Lithuanian and German language and literature After she was a teacher in Lazdijai Kaunas and Panevezys her first collection of poems titled Anksti ryta In the Early Morning was published in 1927 In 1928 Salomeja graduated from the university and was appointed to teach German language at the gymnasium of the Ziburys Society in Lazdijai Until 1931 Neris contributed to nationalist and Roman Catholic publications While studying German in Vienna in 1929 Salomeja met Lithuanian medical student Bronius Zubrickas and became attracted to him Zubrickas had socialist views and Salomeja engaged in socialist activities in order to court him 1 In 1931 Salomeja moved to live in Kaunas where she gave lessons and edited Lithuanian folk tales In the second collection of Salomeja s poetry Pedos smely The Footprints in the Sand there is evidence of the onset of a profound spiritual crisis In the same year verses containing revolutionary motifs were published in the pro communist literary journal Trecias frontas The Third Front A promise to work for communism was also published However it was not written by her It was written by the chief ideological editor of Trecias frontas Kostas Korsakas and communist activist Valys Drazdauskas Salomeja was more interested in writing poetry than in declarations politics and theories about art 2 Salomeja Neris was awarded the State Literature Prize in 1938 She was a member of the Catholic youth and student organization Ateitis Activities during the Soviet occupation Edit Controversy surrounds her involvement with the Soviet occupation She was appointed as a deputy to the Soviet backed People s Seimas and was a member of the delegation to the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union to request Lithuania be accepted into the Soviet Union Salomeja was requested to write a poem in honour of Stalin and was subsequently awarded the Stalin Prize posthumously in 1947 After that she wrote more verses on the theme as encouraged by the Soviet Communist Party officials She spent World War II in the Russian SFSR Salomeja Neris returned to Kaunas but was diagnosed and died of liver cancer in a Moscow hospital in 1945 3 Her last poems show deep affection for Lithuania itself She was buried in Kaunas in a square of the Museum of Culture and later re interred in the Cemetery of Petrasiunai Pseudonym EditHer original pen name was Neris the name of the second biggest Lithuanian river In 1940 she received a letter from her students calling her a traitor to her homeland and asking her not to use the name of the River Neris She added a grave accent to the e and used only the pen name Neris which until then had no particular meaning 2 Works Edit Neris commemorated on a 1954 Soviet stampPedos smely Kaunas Sakalas 1931 61p Per luztantį leda Kaunas Sakalas 1931 48p Musu pasakos sp paruose S Neris Kaunas Spindulys 1934 160p Per luztantį leda Kaunas Sakalas 1935 48p Diemedziu zydesiu Kaunas Sakalas 1938 69p Egle zalciu karaliene Kaunas Valst l kla 1940 107p Poema apie Stalina Kaunas Spaudos fondas 1940 16p Rinktine Kaunas Valst l kla 1941 192p Dainuok sirdie gyvenima eilerasciai ir poemos Kaunas Valst l kla 1943 39p Lakstingala negali neciulbeti Kaunas Valst groz lit l kla 1945 109p Egle zalciu karaliene Kaunas Valst groz lit l kla 1946 96p Poezija 2t Kaunas Valst groz lit l kla 1946 Naslaite Kaunas Valst groz lit l kla 1947 48p Zalcio pasaka Chicago 1947 112p Rinktine Vilnius Valst groz lit l kla 1950 276p Eilerasciai Vilnius Valst groz lit l kla 1951 84p Poema apie Stalina Vilnius Valst groz lit l kla 1951 36p Pavasario daina Vilnius Valst groz lit l kla 1953 38p Poezija Vilnius Valst groz lit l kla 1954 500p Baltais takeliais bega saulyte Vilnius Valst groz lit l kla 1956 164p Rastai trys tomai Vilnius Valst groz lit l kla 1957 Rinktine Kaunas Valstybine pedagogines literaturos leidykla 1958 112p Mokinio biblioteka Sirdis mana audru daina Vilnius Valst groz lit l kla 1959 474p Egle zalciu karaliene poema pasaka Vilnius Valst groz lit l kla 1961 51p Pavasaris per kalnus eina eilerasciai Vilnius Valstybine grozines literaturos leidykla 1961 511p Biala sciezka Warszaw Panst inst wydawniczy 1963 34p in Polish Kur baltas miestas rinktine Vilnius Vaga 1964 143p Rinktine Kaunas Sviesa 1965 90p Mokinio biblioteka Laumes dovanos Vilnius Vaga 1966 25 p Poezija 2t Vilnius Vaga 1966 Keturi poem Vilnius Vaga 1967 U rodnika Vilnius Vaga 1967 in Russian Lirika Moscow Chudozestvennaja literatura 1971 230p in Russian Poezija Vilnius Vaga 1972 2 volumes Negesk zibureli Vilnius Vaga 1973 151p Egle zalksu karaliene poema translation by Daina Avotina Riga Liesma 1974 58p in Latvian Sirdis mana audru daina Vilnius Vaga 1974 477p Kaip zydejimas vysnios poezijos rinktine Vilnius Vaga 1978 469p Poezija rinktine Vilnius Vaga 1979 827p Veter novych dnej stichotvorenija Moscow Chudozestvennaja literatura 1979 334p in Russian Mama Kur tu poem Vilnius Vaga 1980 38p Nemuneliai plauks Vilnius Vaga 1980 201p Negesk zibureli eilerasciai ir poemos Vilnius Vaga 1983 103p Nedziesti gaismeklit Riga Liesma 1984 129p in Latvian Rastai 3 volumes Vilnius Vaga 1984 Blue sister river Vilija sesuo Zydrioji Vilija Sestra Golubaja Vilija Moscow Raduga 1987 261p in English and Russian Solovej ne petj ne mozet stichi Vilnius Vaga 1988 160p Litovskaja poezija in Russian Egle koroleva uzei poem translation by M Petrov Vilnius Vyturys 1989 62p in Russian Wiersze wybrane translation by M Stempkowska Kaunas Sviesa 1989 221p in Polish Prie didelio kelio eilerasciai Vilnius Lietuvos rasytoju s gos l kla 1994 96p Tik ateini ir nueini rinktine Vilnius Alma littera 1995 220p Egle zalciu karaliene Vilnius Lietus 1998 126p References Edit MOKSLO LIETUVA Nr 2 314 2005 m sausio 20 vasario 20 d Archived 2006 12 14 at the Wayback Machine at ml lms lt a b Rasyk lt Apie S NA ries gyvenimo vingius ir jos gyvenimo meiles at www rasyk lt Salomeja Neris at www booksfromlithuania ltExternal links EditLithuanian Classic Literature Anthology Salomeja Neris Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Salomeja Neris amp oldid 1168379171, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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