Malik Andil Habshi (Bengali: মালিক আন্দিল হাবশী), better known by his regnal titleSaifuddin Firuz Shah (Bengali: সাইফউদ্দীন ফিরুজ শাহ, Persian: سیف الدین فیروز شاه) was the second "Habshi" ruler of the Bengal Sultanate's Habshi dynasty. He was a former army commander of the Sultanate's Ilyas Shahi dynasty.[2]
Andil was the army commander of the Ilyas Shahi dynasty and took power after killing the rebel Sultan, Barbak Shah II, in 1487. After claiming the throne, he styled himself as Saifuddin Firuz Shah. It is said that Andil was an eunuch.[3]
He is often considered as the real founder of the Habshi rule in Bengal as the previous Shahzada Barbak only ruled for a few months.[4] This is reinforced in an inscription found in Garh Jaripa in Sreebardi, Sherpur, where he was ordering the construction of someone's tomb and referred to himself as Sultan al-Ahad (the first Sultan). The four corners of the person's tomb each bore the names of the Rashidun caliphs and the inscription sent blessings upon the Islamic prophetMuhammad, his daughter Fatimah and her two sons Hasan and Husayn. This inscription can now be found in the Indian Museum, Kolkata.[1] Firuz Shah minted coins during his reign and mentions the historical town of Mahmudabad.[5]
He is described as a patron of architecture and calligraphy in Bengal. He ordered Majlis Sa'd to build a mosque in Maldah. On 18 January 1489, he ordered Mukhlis Khan to the construction of a ten-domed mosque in Goamatli, Maldah. In the same year, he also ordered Ulugh Ali Zafar Khan to construct a mosque in Kalna.[1][6] It is also considered that the Bokainagar and Tajpur forts were established by Majlis Khan Humayun during his expedition to Kamarupa, under the orders of Firuz Shah.[7] He also built the Katra mosque in Maldah and the inscription contains authentic Tughra calligraphy.[8]
His most famous architecture is the Firuz Minar. Named after himself, it is a large five-storeyed tower situated in Gauda.[9] The construction started in 1485 before his reign, but was completed in 1489 to commemorates his victories in the battlefield.[10][11] According to tradition, he threw the chief architect from the topmost storey as he was not satisfied with the tower's height and wanted it to be taller.[12]
Death
His rule lasted two years until his death in 1489 where he was succeeded by his adopted son, Mahmud Shah II.[2] Most historians consider that he died of natural causes while some such as Ghulam Husain Salim and Jadunath Sarkar say that he was also killed by one of the Abyssinian palace-guards.[3]
^ abDasgupta, Biplab (2005). "Political History". European Trade and Colonial Conquest, Volume 1. Anthem Press. p. 129.
^Abidde, Sabella Ogbobode; Abegunrin, Olayiwola (15 June 2016). "Blacks in Asia". Pan-Africanism in Modern Times: Challenges, Concerns, and Constraints. Lexington Books. p. 159.
^"Firoz Minar". ASI Kolkata. Retrieved 24 March 2019.
^"ইতিহাসের দেশে ২ / দাখিল দরওয়াজা, ফিরোজ মিনার, বাইশগজী দেওয়াল" (in Bengali). Khabar Online. 24 May 2018. Retrieved 24 March 2019.
February 07, 2023
saifuddin, firuz, shah, malik, andil, habshi, bengali, আন, বশ, better, known, regnal, title, bengali, ইফউদ, persian, سیف, الدین, فیروز, شاه, second, habshi, ruler, bengal, sultanate, habshi, dynasty, former, army, commander, sultanate, ilyas, shahi, dynasty, f. Malik Andil Habshi Bengali ম ল ক আন দ ল হ বশ better known by his regnal title Saifuddin Firuz Shah Bengali স ইফউদ দ ন ফ র জ শ হ Persian سیف الدین فیروز شاه was the second Habshi ruler of the Bengal Sultanate s Habshi dynasty He was a former army commander of the Sultanate s Ilyas Shahi dynasty 2 Saifuddin Firuz ShahThe Firuz Minar in GaudaSultan of BengalReign1487 1489PredecessorBarbak Shah IISuccessorMahmud Shah IIBornMalik AndilDied1489Bengal SultanateNamesSultan al Ahad waz Zaman al Azam al Muazzam al Adil Saif ad Dunya wad Din Abul Muzaffar Firuz Shah al Sultan 1 HouseHabshiReligionIslam Contents 1 Biography 2 Death 3 See also 4 ReferencesBiography EditAndil was the army commander of the Ilyas Shahi dynasty and took power after killing the rebel Sultan Barbak Shah II in 1487 After claiming the throne he styled himself as Saifuddin Firuz Shah It is said that Andil was an eunuch 3 He is often considered as the real founder of the Habshi rule in Bengal as the previous Shahzada Barbak only ruled for a few months 4 This is reinforced in an inscription found in Garh Jaripa in Sreebardi Sherpur where he was ordering the construction of someone s tomb and referred to himself as Sultan al Ahad the first Sultan The four corners of the person s tomb each bore the names of the Rashidun caliphs and the inscription sent blessings upon the Islamic prophet Muhammad his daughter Fatimah and her two sons Hasan and Husayn This inscription can now be found in the Indian Museum Kolkata 1 Firuz Shah minted coins during his reign and mentions the historical town of Mahmudabad 5 He is described as a patron of architecture and calligraphy in Bengal He ordered Majlis Sa d to build a mosque in Maldah On 18 January 1489 he ordered Mukhlis Khan to the construction of a ten domed mosque in Goamatli Maldah In the same year he also ordered Ulugh Ali Zafar Khan to construct a mosque in Kalna 1 6 It is also considered that the Bokainagar and Tajpur forts were established by Majlis Khan Humayun during his expedition to Kamarupa under the orders of Firuz Shah 7 He also built the Katra mosque in Maldah and the inscription contains authentic Tughra calligraphy 8 His most famous architecture is the Firuz Minar Named after himself it is a large five storeyed tower situated in Gauda 9 The construction started in 1485 before his reign but was completed in 1489 to commemorates his victories in the battlefield 10 11 According to tradition he threw the chief architect from the topmost storey as he was not satisfied with the tower s height and wanted it to be taller 12 Death EditHis rule lasted two years until his death in 1489 where he was succeeded by his adopted son Mahmud Shah II 2 Most historians consider that he died of natural causes while some such as Ghulam Husain Salim and Jadunath Sarkar say that he was also killed by one of the Abyssinian palace guards 3 Preceded byShahzada Barbak Habshi dynasty of Bengal1487 1489 Succeeded byMahmud Shah IISee also EditList of rulers of Bengal History of Bengal History of IndiaReferences Edit a b c Ahmad Hasan Dani Analysis of the Inscriptions Asiatic Society Of Pakistan Vol ii pp 38 41 a b KingListsFarEast a b Dasgupta Biplab 2005 Political History European Trade and Colonial Conquest Volume 1 Anthem Press p 129 Abidde Sabella Ogbobode Abegunrin Olayiwola 15 June 2016 Blacks in Asia Pan Africanism in Modern Times Challenges Concerns and Constraints Lexington Books p 159 Muhammad Akhtaruzzaman 2012 Mint Towns In Islam Sirajul Miah Sajahan Khanam Mahfuza Ahmed Sabbir eds Banglapedia the National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh Online ed Dhaka Bangladesh Banglapedia Trust Asiatic Society of Bangladesh ISBN 984 32 0576 6 OCLC 52727562 Retrieved 7 February 2023 Bhatt Purnima Mehta Sidis in Bengal The African Diaspora in India Assimilation Change and Cultural Survivals p 43 Shahnaj Husne Jahan 2012 Bokainagar Fort In Islam Sirajul Miah Sajahan Khanam Mahfuza Ahmed Sabbir eds Banglapedia the National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh Online ed Dhaka Bangladesh Banglapedia Trust Asiatic Society of Bangladesh ISBN 984 32 0576 6 OCLC 52727562 Retrieved 7 February 2023 PIS Mustafizur Rahman 2012 Muslim Calligraphy In Islam Sirajul Miah Sajahan Khanam Mahfuza Ahmed Sabbir eds Banglapedia the National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh Online ed Dhaka Bangladesh Banglapedia Trust Asiatic Society of Bangladesh ISBN 984 32 0576 6 OCLC 52727562 Retrieved 7 February 2023 ABM Husain 2012 Firuz Minar In Islam Sirajul Miah Sajahan Khanam Mahfuza Ahmed Sabbir eds Banglapedia the National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh Online ed Dhaka Bangladesh Banglapedia Trust Asiatic Society of Bangladesh ISBN 984 32 0576 6 OCLC 52727562 Retrieved 7 February 2023 Places to visit Retrieved 24 March 2019 Firoz Minar ASI Kolkata Retrieved 24 March 2019 ইত হ স র দ শ ২ দ খ ল দরওয জ ফ র জ ম ন র ব ইশগজ দ ওয ল in Bengali Khabar Online 24 May 2018 Retrieved 24 March 2019 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Saifuddin Firuz Shah amp oldid 1117742220, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
