SARS-CoV-2 Iota variant
Iota variant,[1] also known as lineage B.1.526, is one of the variants of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. It was first detected in New York City in November 2020. The variant has appeared with two notable mutations: the E484K spike mutation, which may help the virus evade antibodies, and the S477N mutation, which helps the virus bind more tightly to human cells.[2]
By February 2021, it had spread rapidly in the New York region and accounted for about one in four viral sequences.[3][4] By 11 April 2021, the variant had been detected in at least 48 U.S. states and 18 countries.[5][6]
Under the simplified naming scheme proposed by the World Health Organization, B.1.526 has been labeled Iota variant, and is considered a variant of interest (VOI), but not yet a variant of concern.[7]
Mutations edit
The Iota (B.1.526) genome contains the following amino-acid mutations, all of which are in the virus's spike protein code: L5F, T95I, D253G, E484K, D614G and A701V.[8]
- Amino acid mutations of SARS-CoV-2 Iota variant plotted on a genome map of SARS-CoV-2 with a focus on the spike.[9]
History edit
The increase of the Iota variant was captured by researchers at Caltech by scanning for mutations in a database known as GISAID, a global science initiative that has documented over 700,000 genomic sequences of SARS-CoV-2.[10][11]
The proportion of USA cases represented by the Iota variant had declined sharply by the end of July 2021 as the Delta variant became dominant.[12]
Statistics edit
| Country | Confirmed cases | Last Reported Case |
|---|---|---|
| USA | 45,985 | 24 June 2021 |
| Ecuador | 168 | 10 June 2021 |
| Canada | 158 | |
| Spain | 119 | 17 June 2021 |
| Colombia | 115 | 24 May 2021 |
| Aruba | 103 | 10 June 2021 |
| Germany | 56 | 22 June 2021 |
| Mexico | 50 | 11 June 2021 |
| United Kingdom | 43 | 16 May 2021 |
| Sint Maarten | 17 | 27 May 2021 |
| Ireland | 13 | 7 May 2021 |
| Switzerland | 12 | 17 May 2021 |
| Chile | 11 | 12 May 2021 |
| Denmark | 9 | 31 May 2021 |
| Israel | 9 | 26 April 2021 |
| Suriname | 9 | 10 May 2021 |
| Argentina | 8 | 26 April 2021 |
| Belgium | 8 | 18 April 2021 |
| Dominican Republic | 8 | 10 June 2021 |
| France | 8 | 25 May 2021 |
| Lithuania | 8 | 28 May 2021 |
| Singapore | 7 | 4 April 2021 |
| Australia | 6 | 21 May 2021 |
| Italy | 6 | 4 May 2021 |
| Luxembourg | 6 | 5 March 2021 |
| Costa Rica | 5 | 21 May 2021 |
| Netherlands | 5 | 19 April 2021 |
| Russia | 5 | 4 June 2021 |
| Croatia | 4 | 9 February 2021 |
| Japan | 4 | 7 May 2021 |
| South Korea | 4 | 14 April 2021 |
| Sweden | 4 | 14 May 2021 |
| Turkey | 4 | 4 May 2021 |
| Malta | 4 | 21 December 2020 |
| India | 3 | 24 March 2021 |
| Dominica | 3 | 15 January 2021 |
| Slovenia | 3 | 18 May 2021 |
| Austria | 2 | 22 April 2021 |
| Ghana | 2 | 20 March 2021 |
| Grenada | 2 | 17 January 2021 |
| Indonesia | 2 | 8 January 2021 |
| Jamaica | 2 | 2 February 2021 |
| Liberia | 2 | 14 May 2021 |
| Portugal | 2 | 4 March 2021 |
| Romania | 2 | 17 April 2021 |
| Anguilla | 1 | 21 April 2021 |
| Antigua and Barbuda | 1 | 3 May 2021 |
| British Virgin Islands | 1 | 25 January 2021 |
| Cayman Islands | 1 | 15 April 2021 |
| China | 1 | |
| Curacao | 1 | 30 April 2021 |
| Finland | 1 | 14 March 2021 |
| Guadeloupe | 1 | 9 March 2021 |
| New Zealand | 1 | 16 March 2021 |
| Poland | 1 | 31 March 2021 |
| Turks and Caicos Islands | 1 | 22 March 2021 |
| Venezuela | 1 | 8 May 2021 |
| World (57 countries) | Total: 46,589 | Total as of 11 August 2021 |
See also edit
References edit
- ^ "Tracking SARS-CoV-2 variants". www.who.int. Retrieved June 1, 2021.
- ^ Barton, Michael I; MacGowan, Stuart A; Kutuzov, Mikhail A; Dushek, Omer; Barton, Geoffrey John; van der Merwe, P Anton (August 26, 2021). Fouchier, Ron AM; Van der Meer, Jos W; Fouchier, Ron AM (eds.). "Effects of common mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 Spike RBD and its ligand, the human ACE2 receptor on binding affinity and kinetics". eLife. 10: e70658. doi:10.7554/eLife.70658. ISSN 2050-084X. PMC 8480977. PMID 34435953.
- ^ Rosa-Aquino, Matt Stieb, Paola (March 21, 2021). "Everything We Know About the Coronavirus Variant Spreading in New York City". Intelligencer. Retrieved April 10, 2021.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Mandavilli, Apoorva (February 24, 2021). "A New Coronavirus Variant Is Spreading in New York, Researchers Report". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 10, 2021.
- ^ "outbreak.info". outbreak.info. Retrieved April 10, 2021.
- ^ . cov-lineages.org. April 22, 2021. Archived from the original on April 22, 2021. Retrieved April 22, 2021.
- ^ "Tracking SARS-CoV-2 variants". www.who.int. Retrieved June 1, 2021.
- ^ "SARS-CoV-2 Variant Classifications and Definitions". CDC.gov. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. February 11, 2020. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ "Spike Variants: Iota variant, aka B.1.526". covdb.stanford.edu. Stanford University Coronavirus Antiviral & Resistance Database. July 1, 2021. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
- ^ Corum, Jonathan; Zimmer, Carl (February 9, 2021). "Coronavirus Variants and Mutations". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 10, 2021.
- ^ West, Anthony P.; Barnes, Christopher O.; Yang, Zhi; Bjorkman, Pamela J. (February 23, 2021). "SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.526 emerging in the New York region detected by software utility created to query the spike mutational landscape". bioRxiv: 2021.02.14.431043. doi:10.1101/2021.02.14.431043. PMC 8077570. PMID 33907745. S2CID 231981267.
- ^ SARS-CoV-2 sequences by variant, Jul 26, 2021, USA Our World in Data
- ^ "GISAID - hCov19 Variants". www.gisaid.org. Retrieved July 2, 2021.