The rural–urban fringe, also known as the outskirts, rurban, peri-urban or the urban hinterland, can be described as the "landscape interface between town and country",[1] or also as the transition zone where urban and rural uses mix and often clash together.[2] Alternatively, it can be viewed as a landscape type in its own right, one forged from an interaction of urban and rural land uses.
Its definition shifts depending on the global location, but typically in Europe, where urban areas are intensively managed to prevent urban sprawl and protect agricultural land, the urban fringe will be characterized by certain land uses which have either purposely moved away from the urban area, or require much larger tracts of land. As examples:
Roads, especially motorways and bypasses
Waste transfer stations, recycling facilities and landfill sites
Large out-of-town shopping facilities, e.g. large supermarkets
Compact residential areas
Despite these 'urban' uses, the fringe remains largely open, with the majority of the land used for agricultural, woodland, or other rural purposes. However, the quality of living in the countryside around urban areas tends to be low, with severance between the area of open land and badly maintained woodlands and hedgerows.
In recent years there has been a growing interest in how the full environmental and social potential of the urban fringes can be unlocked and achieved. In England in 2005, the Countryside Agency (now part of Natural England) together with Groundwork, a community, and environmental regeneration body, produced a vision for the 'countryside in and around towns' that sets out ten 'functions' for a multi-functional urban fringe.[3] The realization of this vision would[dubious – discuss] provide a high-quality environment and living right on the urban doorstep and provide the adjacent town or city with a host of 'ecosystem services'. It is estimated[by whom?] that within England the urban fringe covers as much as 20% of the land area. Such an extensive resource must be managed and used more intelligently and sustainably if the country as a whole is to develop and function sustainably.[citation needed]
In the United States, urban areas are defined as contiguous territory having a density of at least 1,000 persons per square mile, though in some areas the density may be as low as 500 per square mile and remain urban. Urban areas also include the outlying territory of less density if it was connected to the core of the contiguous area by roads and is within 2.5 road miles of that core, or within 5 road miles of the core but separated by water or other undevelopable territories. Another territory with a population density of fewer than 1,000 people per square mile is included in the urban fringe if it eliminates an enclave or closes an indentation in the boundary of the urbanized area.[4]
^Department of Commerce - Census Bureau (August 24, 2011). "Urban Area Criteria for the 2010 Census; Notice" (PDF). Federal Register. National Archives and Records Administration. Retrieved August 3, 2017.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Rural–urban fringes.
Countryside Agency of England's online research library of urban rural fringe
'Case Studies' of the Urban Rural fringe for students
Kay's Geography: Kingston Park - retail change at the edge
May 04, 2023
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This article has multiple issues Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page Learn how and when to remove these template messages The examples and perspective in this article deal primarily with Europe and do not represent a worldwide view of the subject You may improve this article discuss the issue on the talk page or create a new article as appropriate June 2010 Learn how and when to remove this template message This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Rural urban fringe news newspapers books scholar JSTOR April 2008 Learn how and when to remove this template message Learn how and when to remove this template message The rural urban fringe also known as the outskirts rurban peri urban or the urban hinterland can be described as the landscape interface between town and country 1 or also as the transition zone where urban and rural uses mix and often clash together 2 Alternatively it can be viewed as a landscape type in its own right one forged from an interaction of urban and rural land uses The rural urban fringe of Bacchus Marsh Victoria Australia An urban fringe village located in Baiyun District Guangzhou China Contents 1 Definition 2 See also 3 References 4 External linksDefinition EditIts definition shifts depending on the global location but typically in Europe where urban areas are intensively managed to prevent urban sprawl and protect agricultural land the urban fringe will be characterized by certain land uses which have either purposely moved away from the urban area or require much larger tracts of land As examples Roads especially motorways and bypasses Waste transfer stations recycling facilities and landfill sites Park and ride sites Airports Large hospitals Power water and sewerage facilities Factories Large out of town shopping facilities e g large supermarkets Compact residential areasDespite these urban uses the fringe remains largely open with the majority of the land used for agricultural woodland or other rural purposes However the quality of living in the countryside around urban areas tends to be low with severance between the area of open land and badly maintained woodlands and hedgerows In recent years there has been a growing interest in how the full environmental and social potential of the urban fringes can be unlocked and achieved In England in 2005 the Countryside Agency now part of Natural England together with Groundwork a community and environmental regeneration body produced a vision for the countryside in and around towns that sets out ten functions for a multi functional urban fringe 3 The realization of this vision would dubious discuss provide a high quality environment and living right on the urban doorstep and provide the adjacent town or city with a host of ecosystem services It is estimated by whom that within England the urban fringe covers as much as 20 of the land area Such an extensive resource must be managed and used more intelligently and sustainably if the country as a whole is to develop and function sustainably citation needed In the United States urban areas are defined as contiguous territory having a density of at least 1 000 persons per square mile though in some areas the density may be as low as 500 per square mile and remain urban Urban areas also include the outlying territory of less density if it was connected to the core of the contiguous area by roads and is within 2 5 road miles of that core or within 5 road miles of the core but separated by water or other undevelopable territories Another territory with a population density of fewer than 1 000 people per square mile is included in the urban fringe if it eliminates an enclave or closes an indentation in the boundary of the urbanized area 4 See also EditBoomburb Commuter town Desakota Edge city Edge effects Exurb Habitat Habitat destruction Microdistrict Natural landscape Prime farmland Restoration ecology Suburb Wildland urban interfaceReferences Edit www teignbridge gov uk https web archive org web 20070311091656 http www teignbridge gov uk index cfm Articleid 2803 Archived from the original on March 11 2007 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a Missing or empty title help Griffiths Michael B Chapman Malcolm Christiansen Flemming 2010 Chinese consumers The Romantic reappraisal Ethnography 11 3 331 357 doi 10 1177 1466138110370412 S2CID 144152261 http publications naturalengland org uk file 105001 Green Infrastructure and the Urban Fringe Learning lessons from the Countryside in and Around Towns Programme Countryside Agency and Groundwork UK 2005 Department of Commerce Census Bureau August 24 2011 Urban Area Criteria for the 2010 Census Notice PDF Federal Register National Archives and Records Administration Retrieved August 3 2017 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Rural urban fringes Countryside Agency of England s online research library of urban rural fringe Case Studies of the Urban Rural fringe for students Kay s Geography Kingston Park retail change at the edge Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Rural urban fringe amp oldid 1144845223, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
