Peri-urbanisation relates to the processes of scattered and dispersive urban growth that create hybrid landscapes of fragmented and mixed urban and rural characteristics. Such areas may be referred to as the rural–urban fringe, the outskirts, or the urban hinterland.
Mountain valleys of industrialised countries (e.g. Inn valley) are often periurbanised.The periurbanised Swiss Limmat valley.Hospital in a peri-urban area in Gijón.
The expression originates from the French word périurbanisation ("peri-urban" meaning "around urban"), which is used by the INSEE[1] (the French statistics agency) to describe spaces—between the city and the countryside—that are shaped by the fragmented urbanisation of former rural areas in the urban fringe, both in a qualitative (e.g. diffusion of urban lifestyle) and in a quantitative (e.g. new residential zones) sense. It is frequently seen as a result of post-modernity. In science, the term was used initially in France and Switzerland.
Structure and functionedit
Peri-urban areas (also called rurban space, outskirts or the hinterland) are defined by the structure resulting from the process of peri-urbanisation. It can be described as the landscape interface or ecotone between town and countryside,[2][3] or also as the rural—urban transition zone where urban and rural uses and functions mix and often clash.[4] It can thus be viewed as a new landscape type in its own right, one forged from an interaction of urban and rural land use.
Its definition shifts depending on the global location, but typically in Europe where suburban areas are intensively managed to prevent urban sprawl and protect agricultural land, the urban fringe will be characterised by certain land uses which have either purposely moved away from the urban area, or require much larger tracts of land. As examples:
Large out-of-town shopping facilities, e.g. large supermarkets
High-density residential buildings
Despite these urban uses, the fringe remains largely open with the majority of the land for agricultural, woodland or other rural uses. However, the quality of living of the countryside around urban areas tends to be low with severance between areas of open land and badly maintained woodlands and hedgerows with the scattered urban facilities.
Apart from the structural definition dominating English-speaking literature, the concept is sometimes used to fill the gap between suburbanisation and exurbanisation, and thus relates moreover to the movement of people in space. In this case however, peri-urbanisation is seen as the expansion of functional rural-urban linkages such as by commuting.
In the United States urban areas are defined as contiguous territory having a density of at least 1,000 persons per square mile, though in some areas the density may be as low as 500 per square mile. Urban areas also include outlying territory of less density if it was connected to the core of the contiguous area by road and is within 2.5 road miles of that core, or within 5 road miles of the core but separated by water or other undevelopable territory. Other territory with a population density of fewer than 1,000 people per square mile is included in the urban fringe if it eliminates an enclave or closes an indentation in the boundary of the urbanized area.[5]
^Verstoep, Timon (2022). "ECOTONE URBANISM". Wageningen University Landscape Architecture Group.
^. Archived from the original on 2007-03-11. Retrieved 2011-07-23.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
^Griffiths, Michael B.; Chapman, Malcolm; Christiansen, Flemming (2010). "Chinese consumers: The Romantic reappraisal". Ethnography. 11 (3): 331–357. doi:10.1177/1466138110370412. S2CID 144152261.
^Department of Commerce - Census Bureau (August 24, 2011). "Urban Area Criteria for the 2010 Census; Notice" (PDF). Federal Register. National Archives and Records Administration. Retrieved August 3, 2017.
Zasada, Ingo; Fertner, Christian; Piorr, Annette; Nielsen, Thomas Sick (2011). (PDF). Danish Journal of Geography. 111 (1): 59–72. doi:10.1080/00167223.2011.10669522. S2CID 53548764. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-19.
Anne Lambert 2011: The (mis)measurement of periurbanization. In: Metropolitics, 11 May 2011. URL: http://www.metropolitiques.eu
January 01, 1970
peri, urbanisation, relates, processes, scattered, dispersive, urban, growth, that, create, hybrid, landscapes, fragmented, mixed, urban, rural, characteristics, such, areas, referred, rural, urban, fringe, outskirts, urban, hinterland, mountain, valleys, indu. Peri urbanisation relates to the processes of scattered and dispersive urban growth that create hybrid landscapes of fragmented and mixed urban and rural characteristics Such areas may be referred to as the rural urban fringe the outskirts or the urban hinterland Mountain valleys of industrialised countries e g Inn valley are often periurbanised The periurbanised Swiss Limmat valley Hospital in a peri urban area in Gijon Contents 1 Etymology 2 Structure and function 3 See also 4 References 5 Further readingEtymology editThe expression originates from the French word periurbanisation peri urban meaning around urban which is used by the INSEE 1 the French statistics agency to describe spaces between the city and the countryside that are shaped by the fragmented urbanisation of former rural areas in the urban fringe both in a qualitative e g diffusion of urban lifestyle and in a quantitative e g new residential zones sense It is frequently seen as a result of post modernity In science the term was used initially in France and Switzerland Structure and function editPeri urban areas also called rurban space outskirts or the hinterland are defined by the structure resulting from the process of peri urbanisation It can be described as the landscape interface or ecotone between town and countryside 2 3 or also as the rural urban transition zone where urban and rural uses and functions mix and often clash 4 It can thus be viewed as a new landscape type in its own right one forged from an interaction of urban and rural land use Its definition shifts depending on the global location but typically in Europe where suburban areas are intensively managed to prevent urban sprawl and protect agricultural land the urban fringe will be characterised by certain land uses which have either purposely moved away from the urban area or require much larger tracts of land As examples Roads especially motorways and bypasses Waste transfer stations recycling facilities and landfill sites Park and ride sites Airports Large hospitals Power water and sewerage facilities Factories Large out of town shopping facilities e g large supermarkets High density residential buildings Despite these urban uses the fringe remains largely open with the majority of the land for agricultural woodland or other rural uses However the quality of living of the countryside around urban areas tends to be low with severance between areas of open land and badly maintained woodlands and hedgerows with the scattered urban facilities Apart from the structural definition dominating English speaking literature the concept is sometimes used to fill the gap between suburbanisation and exurbanisation and thus relates moreover to the movement of people in space In this case however peri urbanisation is seen as the expansion of functional rural urban linkages such as by commuting In the United States urban areas are defined as contiguous territory having a density of at least 1 000 persons per square mile though in some areas the density may be as low as 500 per square mile Urban areas also include outlying territory of less density if it was connected to the core of the contiguous area by road and is within 2 5 road miles of that core or within 5 road miles of the core but separated by water or other undevelopable territory Other territory with a population density of fewer than 1 000 people per square mile is included in the urban fringe if it eliminates an enclave or closes an indentation in the boundary of the urbanized area 5 See also editDesakota FEDENATUR European Association of Periurban Parks Peri Urban Regions Platform Europe Peri urban agriculture Urban sprawl Urban village Urban vitalityReferences edit Definition Couronne Insee www insee fr Verstoep Timon 2022 ECOTONE URBANISM Wageningen University Landscape Architecture Group Archived copy Archived from the original on 2007 03 11 Retrieved 2011 07 23 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint archived copy as title link Griffiths Michael B Chapman Malcolm Christiansen Flemming 2010 Chinese consumers The Romantic reappraisal Ethnography 11 3 331 357 doi 10 1177 1466138110370412 S2CID 144152261 Department of Commerce Census Bureau August 24 2011 Urban Area Criteria for the 2010 Census Notice PDF Federal Register National Archives and Records Administration Retrieved August 3 2017 Further reading editAstrade Laurent Lutoff Celine Nedjai Rachid Philippe Celine Loison Delphine Bottollier Depois Sandrine 2007 Periurbanisation and natural hazards Revue de geographie alpine 95 2 19 28 doi 10 4000 rga 132 Zasada Ingo Fertner Christian Piorr Annette Nielsen Thomas Sick 2011 Peri urbanisation and multifunctional adaptation of agriculture around Copenhagen PDF Danish Journal of Geography 111 1 59 72 doi 10 1080 00167223 2011 10669522 S2CID 53548764 Archived from the original PDF on 2011 07 19 Anne Lambert 2011 The mis measurement of periurbanization In Metropolitics 11 May 2011 URL http www metropolitiques eu Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Peri urbanisation amp oldid 1209733837, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
