Ruins of São Miguel das Missões
The Ruins of São Miguel das Missões (pronounced [ˈsɐ̃w miˈɡɛw dɐz miˈsõjs]; Portuguese for 'St. Michael of the Missions'), also known as São Miguel Arcanjo, and by its former Spanish name Misión de San Miguel Arcángel, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site located in the municipality of São Miguel das Missões, in the northwestern region of Rio Grande do Sul state, in southern Brazil.
| UNESCO World Heritage Site | |
|---|---|
| Location | São Miguel das Missões, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil |
| Part of | Jesuit Missions of the Guaranis: San Ignacio Mini, Santa Ana, Nuestra Señora de Loreto and Santa Maria Mayor (Argentina), Ruins of Sao Miguel das Missoes (Brazil) |
| Criteria | Cultural: (iv) |
| Reference | 275bis-001 |
| Inscription | 1983 (7th Session) |
| Extensions | 1984 |
| Coordinates | 28°32′52″S 54°33′20″W / 28.54778°S 54.55556°W |
Location of Ruins of São Miguel das Missões in Brazil | |
History edit
The São Miguel das Missões mission was built between 1735 and around 1745 as Mission San Miguel Arcángel. São Miguel das Missões was one of the many Spanish Colonial Jesuit Reductions in Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Bolivia. Spanish Jesuit missionaries founded the mission for Crown mandated Indian Reductions for Guaraní Indians, which had the goal of converting them to Christianity and protecting locals from the Portuguese slave traders known as the Bandeirantes.
The Treaty of Madrid in 1750 transferred sovereignty over the area from Spain to Portugal. The Spanish Jesuit missions were ordered to move to the retained Spanish territory west of the Uruguay River. The Guaraní tribes refused to comply with the order to relocate from their homelands, now deemed in Portuguese "territory", which led to the Guarani War. A joint Portuguese-Spanish army attacked and defeated the Guaraní, and the mission was destroyed.
The cathedral (Catedral Angelopolitana) built in the 1920s in nearby Santo Ângelo city, is modeled after the church at the São Miguel das Missões reduction.
- Façade of São Miguel das Missões.
- Interior view of the ruins of São Miguel das Missões.
World Heritage Site edit
The Spanish Colonial architecture of the ruins and the archeological site of São Miguel das Missões has been a protected part of the UNESCO Jesuit Missions of the Guaranis World Heritage Site, since 1984.[1] The protected area covers 1,229.8 square kilometres (474.8 sq mi). A history museum is adjacent.
See also edit
- The Mission (1986) — film starring Robert De Niro and Jeremy Irons, about the Jesuit Missions and the Guaraní War. The film set represented what is known of the appearance of the 18th-century São Miguel das Missões.
- Guarani War
- Jesuit Reductions
- List of Jesuit sites
- San Ignacio Miní
- Spanish missions in South America
References edit
- ^ "Practical Instruction to Order One's Life According to Saintly Precepts: Offered by Father Antonio Garriga of the Society of Jesus. As a Brief Memorial and Memento of the Spiritual Exercises of Saint Ignatius Loyola, Founder of the Society". World Digital Library. Retrieved 18 April 2013.
External links edit
Media related to Ruins of São Miguel das Missões at Wikimedia Commons