The Rome–Formia–Naples railway—also called the Rome–Naples Direttissima in Italian ("most direct")–is part of the traditional main north-south trunk line of the Italian railway network. It was opened in 1927 as a fast link as an alternative to the existing Rome–Naples via Cassino line, significantly reducing journey times. High-speed trains on the route use the parallel Rome–Naples high-speed railway, which was partially opened in December 2005, and fully in December 2009.
Problems with the Rome–Naples line via Cassino led to proposals for the construction of a new line nearer the coast as early as 1871. When the Papal States planned the Cassino line, it was not designed just as a direct connection with Naples, but also was intended to connect with smaller localities on the way. Partly as a result, it had a tortuous route which, especially in the valley of the Sacco River, was subject to frequent disruption by floods and landslides. The old line was built to the avoid the coastal route through the Pontine Marshes, which was still swampy and malarial. As a result, its route is hilly and in parts mountainous, creating problems for the under-powered steam locomotives of the period.[3]
The construction of a coastal line was authorised by legislation on 29 July 1879 on condition that it was coordinated with the Terracina–Priverno and the Gaeta–Formia–Sparanise lines. The commitment was confirmed by legislation on 5 July 1882 and during the reorganisation of the Italian railways in 1885. The project was always controversial: it is supported by railway engineers such as Alfredo Cottrau[4] but opposed by politicians such as Francesco Saverio Nitti.[5]
The final design of the line was drafted in 1902 and approved in 1905 when responsibility for the project was assumed by Ferrovie dello Stato (the State Railways). Construction began in 1907 but was not finished until 1927 because it was necessary to dig several long tunnels, including the Monte Orso and the Vivola tunnels, both of which are about 7.5 km long.
The line was electrified at 3000 V DC in 1935. Following this, electric trains could run over the entire north-south route from Bologna to Naples.
Since 2009, when the Rome-Naples high-speed railway was opened, trains from Rome Termini have no longer operated over the Villa Literno–Napoli Gianturco railway (Naples Passante), but instead run from Villa Literno via Aversa to Napoli Centrale.
^Atlante ferroviario s'Italia e Slovenia [Italian and Slovenian railway atlas] (1st ed.). Schweers + Wall. 2010. pp. 69, 75–77, 82, 147–153, 155. ISBN978-3-89494-129-1.
^Taverna, A. Storia delle ferrovie italiane (History of the Italian railways) (in Italian).
^Cottrau, Alfredo (1883). La direttissima Napoli-Roma; studiata in modo da usufruire di alcuni tratti dell'attuale linea ferroviaria Cottrau (in Italian). Napoli.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^Nitti, Francesco Saverio (1903). Napoli e la questione meridionale (in Italian). Pierro.
Winchester, Clarence, ed. (1936), "The Rome-Naples Direttissima", Railway Wonders of the World, pp. 1332–1336 contemporary illustrated description of the route
Media related to Rome–Formia–Naples railway at Wikimedia Commons
May 04, 2024
rome, formia, naples, railway, also, called, rome, naples, direttissima, italian, most, direct, part, traditional, main, north, south, trunk, line, italian, railway, network, opened, 1927, fast, link, alternative, existing, rome, naples, cassino, line, signifi. The Rome Formia Naples railway also called the Rome Naples Direttissima in Italian most direct is part of the traditional main north south trunk line of the Italian railway network It was opened in 1927 as a fast link as an alternative to the existing Rome Naples via Cassino line significantly reducing journey times High speed trains on the route use the parallel Rome Naples high speed railway which was partially opened in December 2005 and fully in December 2009 Rome Formia Naples railwayRome Formia Naples railwayOverviewStatusin useOwnerRFILocaleItalyTerminiRomeNaplesServiceTypeHeavy railOperator s TrenitaliaTechnicalLine length214 km 133 mi Track gauge1 435 mm 4 ft 8 1 2 in standard gaugeElectrification3 kV DCRoute mapLegend km elev 0 000 Roma Termini 58 m to Florence slow high speed and Pescarato Viterbo Pisa and Fiumicino belt railway local line from Roma Tuscolanaand Roma Tiburtina 4 257 Roma Casilina 49 m to Naples via Cassino Frascati Albano and Velletri Castelli Romani tramway 11 195 Torricola 87 m Grande Raccordo Anulare E80 16 576 Divino Amore 23 950 Pomezia Santa Palomba 124 m 33 500 Campoleone 126 m to Nettuno and to Albano Albano Nettuno railway 39 874 Carano opened 1941 1 49 780 Cisterna di Latina 61 018 Latina from Velletri closed 1958 70 221 Sezze Romano to Priverno closed 1958 from Priverno closed 1985 85 391 Priverno Fossanova to Terracina Mont Orso tunnel 102 901 Monte San Biagio Terracina Mare 109 616 Fondi Sperlonga Vivola tunnel 7455 m 122 502 Itri from Gaeta closed 1966 128 423 Formia Gaeta 131 214 Sparanise Gaeta railway old route closed 1932 138 478 Minturno Scauri to Sparanise old route closed 1943 Garigliano river LazioCampania Cellole 149 567 Cellole junction to Sparanise new route opened 1949 closed 1957 153 456 Sessa Aurunca Roccamonfina Monte Massico tunnel 164 832 Falciano Mondragone Carinola Volturno river 173 090 Cancello Arnone 180 3480 000 Villa Literno to Naples passante 5 860 Albanova 9 556 San Marcellino Frignano to Cancello from Foggia 14 335 Aversa 182 114 Sant Antimo Sant Arpino 51 m 183 819 Frattamaggiore Grumo Nevano 52 m Casoria old 188 551 Casoria Afragola 63 m Autostrada A56 from Rome via Cassino from Salerno Napoli Centrale km Source Italian railway atlas 2 This diagram viewtalkedit Contents 1 History 2 Branches 3 Notes 4 See also 5 External linksHistory editProblems with the Rome Naples line via Cassino led to proposals for the construction of a new line nearer the coast as early as 1871 When the Papal States planned the Cassino line it was not designed just as a direct connection with Naples but also was intended to connect with smaller localities on the way Partly as a result it had a tortuous route which especially in the valley of the Sacco River was subject to frequent disruption by floods and landslides The old line was built to the avoid the coastal route through the Pontine Marshes which was still swampy and malarial As a result its route is hilly and in parts mountainous creating problems for the under powered steam locomotives of the period 3 The construction of a coastal line was authorised by legislation on 29 July 1879 on condition that it was coordinated with the Terracina Priverno and the Gaeta Formia Sparanise lines The commitment was confirmed by legislation on 5 July 1882 and during the reorganisation of the Italian railways in 1885 The project was always controversial it is supported by railway engineers such as Alfredo Cottrau 4 but opposed by politicians such as Francesco Saverio Nitti 5 The final design of the line was drafted in 1902 and approved in 1905 when responsibility for the project was assumed by Ferrovie dello Stato the State Railways Construction began in 1907 but was not finished until 1927 because it was necessary to dig several long tunnels including the Monte Orso and the Vivola tunnels both of which are about 7 5 km long The line was electrified at 3000 V DC in 1935 Following this electric trains could run over the entire north south route from Bologna to Naples Since 2009 when the Rome Naples high speed railway was opened trains from Rome Termini have no longer operated over the Villa Literno Napoli Gianturco railway Naples Passante but instead run from Villa Literno via Aversa to Napoli Centrale Branches editFrom Aversa towards Rome by the line via Cassino line via Caserta From San Marcellino Frignano towards Naples by the Cassino line via Caserta From Villa Literno towards Naples by the Villa Literno Napoli Gianturco railway via Pozzuoli Napoli Campi Flegrei Napoli Gianturco to Salerno partly used by Line 2 of the Naples metro From Formia to Gaeta now closed It is scheduled to reopen in 2010 From Priverno Fossanova to Terracina From Campoleone to Nettuno Notes edit unknown title Service order in Italian 107 Azienda autonoma delle Ferrovie dello Stato 1941 Atlante ferroviario s Italia e Slovenia Italian and Slovenian railway atlas 1st ed Schweers Wall 2010 pp 69 75 77 82 147 153 155 ISBN 978 3 89494 129 1 Taverna A Storia delle ferrovie italiane History of the Italian railways in Italian Cottrau Alfredo 1883 La direttissima Napoli Roma studiata in modo da usufruire di alcuni tratti dell attuale linea ferroviaria Cottrau in Italian Napoli a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link Nitti Francesco Saverio 1903 Napoli e la questione meridionale in Italian Pierro See also editList of railway lines in ItalyExternal links editWinchester Clarence ed 1936 The Rome Naples Direttissima Railway Wonders of the World pp 1332 1336 contemporary illustrated description of the route nbsp Media related to Rome Formia Naples railway at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Rome Formia Naples railway amp oldid 1087973002, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
