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Roman Catholic Diocese of Gurk

January 06, 2023

The Roman Catholic Diocese of Gurk-Klagenfurt (German: Diözese Gurk-Klagenfurt, Slovene: Krška škofija) is a Catholic diocese covering the Austrian state of Carinthia. It is part of the ecclesiastical province of Salzburg. Though named after Gurk Cathedral, the bishop's see since 1787 is in Klagenfurt.

Diocese of Gurk-Klagenfurt

Dioecesis Gurcensis

Diözese Gurk-Klagenfurt
Krška škofija
Coat of arms
Location
Country Austria
TerritoryCarinthia
Ecclesiastical provinceSalzburg
MetropolitanArchdiocese of Salzburg
Statistics
Area9,533 km2 (3,681 sq mi)
Population
- Total
- Catholics (including non-members)		(as of 2019)
560,983
363,505 (64.8%)
Parishes336
Information
DenominationRoman Catholic
RiteRoman Rite
EstablishedMarch 6, 1071
CathedralDom Sankt Peter und Paul, Klagenfurt
Co-cathedralDom Maria Himmelfahrt, Gurk, Carinthia
Patron saintSaint Hemma
John the Baptist
Secular priests188 (diocesan)
55 (Religious Orders)
49 Permanent Deacons
Current leadership
PopeFrancis
BishopJosef Marketz
Metropolitan ArchbishopFranz Lackner
Apostolic AdministratorWerner Freistetter
Map
Website
Website of the Diocese

Due to the presence of Carinthian Slovenes, the organizational structures of the diocese are bilingual. The Slovene language is, together with German, the language of church services in 69 southern parishes of the diocese.

History

Middle Ages

 
Gurk Cathedral

In 1072 a suffragan bishopric in the Duchy of Carinthia, subordinate to the Archdiocese of Salzburg, was erected by Archbishop Gebhard of Salzburg, with the authorization of Pope Alexander II (21 March 1070) and Emperor Henry IV (4 February 1072). It could rely on the properties of a former nunnery in Gurk founded by Countess Hemma in 1043. The first bishop installed was the local noble Günther von Krapffeld (1072–1090). The episcopal residence was not in Gurk, but at nearby Strassburg Castle.

Initially the Gurk bishops only held the rights of vicars, while the right of appointment, consecration, and investiture was reserved to the Salzburg archbishop. The diocese served as a model for later Salzburg establishments like the Bishopric of Chiemsee (1216), the Diocese of Seckau (1218), and the Diocese of Lavant (1228). Not until 1123 Archbishop Conrad I of Salzburg founded a cathedral chapter at Gurk, which under Bishop Roman I (1132–1167) obtained the right to elect the bishop. The boundaries of the diocese were only defined in 1131. Originally the territory embraced was small, but the jurisdiction of the Bishop of Gurk extended beyond the limits of his diocese, inasmuch as he was also vicar-general of that part of Carinthia under the Archbishop of Salzburg. The rights of a secular Vogt advocate were held by the Carinthian dukes.

After a contest of a hundred years the metropolitan regained the right of appointment. Dissensions did not cease, for in 1432 the Habsburg duke Frederick IV of Austria claimed the right of investiture, which even was a subject of the consultations at the Council of Basel under Pope Eugene IV. In 1448 King Frederick IV of Germany concluded an agreement with Pope Nicholas V to reserve the right of appointment for himself and when in 1470 Sixtus of Tannberg was appointed Gurk bishop by the Salzburg chapter, Frederick enforced his resignation four years later. Finally, on 25 October 1535, the Archbishop of Salzburg and former Gurk bishop, Matthäus Lang von Wellenburg, concluded a long-lasting agreement with King Ferdinand I of Germany, according to which the nomination of the Bishop of Gurk is to rest twice in succession with the sovereign and every third time with the Archbishop of Salzburg; under all circumstances the archbishop was to retain the right of confirmation, consecration and investiture. Though from 1460 onwards the Gurk bishops held the right to bear the title of a prince-bishop, they never exerted any secular power.

Modern times

In 1761 Count Hieronymus von Colloredo was appointed Bishop of Gurk by Archbishop Sigismund von Schrattenbach, whom Colloredo succeeded in 1771. Under Bishop Joseph Franz Auersperg, a dedicated follower of Josephinism, the Gurk diocese received an accession of territory by Emperor Joseph II in 1775, and again in 1786. Nevertheless the present extent of the diocese, embracing the whole of Carinthia, dates only from its reconstitution in 1859. The episcopal residence was transferred in 1787 to the capital of Carinthia, Klagenfurt. A prominent modern prince-bishop was Valentin Wiery (1858–1880).

According to the census of 1906, the Catholic population of the diocese was 369,000, of whom three-fourths were German and the rest Slovenes. The 24 deaneries embraced 345 parishes.[citation needed] The cathedral chapter at Klagenfurt consisted of three mitred dignitaries; five honorary and five stipendiary canons. Among the institutions of religious orders the Benedictine Abbey of St. Paul (founded in 1091; suppressed in 1782; restored in 1807) holds first place. There were also Jesuits at Klagenfurt and St. Andrä; Dominicans at Friesach; Capuchins at Klagenfurt and Wolfsberg; Franciscans at Villach; Olivetans at Tanzenberg; Servites at Kötsehach; Brothers of Mercy at St. Veit on the Glan (in charge of an immense hospital founded in 1877); and a number of religious communities of women for the care of the sick and the instruction of youth.

The clergy are trained in the episcopal seminary at Klagenfurt, which has been, since 1887, under the direction of the Jesuits. The professors are Benedictines from the Abbey of Saint Paul and Jesuits. The education of aspirants to the priesthood is provided for at Klagenfurt, in a preparatory seminary established by Bishop Wiery in 1860 and enlarged by Bishop Kahn. At Saint Paul's the Benedictines conduct a private gymnasium with the privileges of a government school. At Klagenfurt there is also a Catholic teachers' seminary under ecclesiastical supervision.

Churches

Chief among the examples of ecclesiastical architecture, both in point of age and artistic interest, is Gurk Cathedral, which dates back to the beginnings of the diocese, having been completed about 1220. Also worthy of note are the Romanesque church and cloister of Millstatt Abbey and, as monuments of Gothic architecture, the parish churches at Bad Sankt Leonhard im Lavanttal, Heiligenblut, Villach, Völkermarkt, St Wolfgang ob Grades (Metnitz), and Waitschach (Hüttenberg). One of the largest and most beautiful churches of Carinthia is the Dominican Church at Friesach. The Klagenfurt Cathedral was built in 1591 during the Protestant Reformation; in 1604 it was acquired by the Jesuits, and consecrated in honour of the Apostles Saints Peter and Paul.

 
Maria Saal Cathedral

Prominent among the places of pilgrimage in the diocese is Maria Saal, visited annually by from 15,000 to 20,000 pilgrims. Among Catholic associations special mention should be made of those for the advancement of the Catholic Press and for the diffusion of good books: for the German population, the St. Joseph's Verein founded at Klagenfurt in 1893, and the St. Joseph's Book Confraternity; for the Slovenes, the St. Hermagoras Verein, established in 1852 (1860), with its headquarters at Klagenfurt, and widely established among Slovenes in other dioceses.

Special churches

  • Former Cathedrals:
  • Minor Basilica:
    • Maria Luggau (Our Lady of the Snows), Lesachtal

Deaneries

Notable bishops

 
Episcopal coat of arms
See also: Bishop of Gurk

See also

References and notes

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Roman Catholic Diocese of Gurk.
  • GCatholic.org [self-published]
  • Catholic Hierarchy [self-published]
  • Diocese website
  • Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Diocese of Gurk" . Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.

Coordinates: 46°37′20″N 14°18′34″E / 46.6221°N 14.3094°E / 46.6221; 14.3094

January 06, 2023
roman, catholic, diocese, gurk, this, article, includes, list, references, related, reading, external, links, sources, remain, unclear, because, lacks, inline, citations, please, help, improve, this, article, introducing, more, precise, citations, july, 2018, . This article includes a list of references related reading or external links but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations July 2018 Learn how and when to remove this template message The Roman Catholic Diocese of Gurk Klagenfurt German Diozese Gurk Klagenfurt Slovene Krska skofija is a Catholic diocese covering the Austrian state of Carinthia It is part of the ecclesiastical province of Salzburg Though named after Gurk Cathedral the bishop s see since 1787 is in Klagenfurt Diocese of Gurk KlagenfurtDioecesis GurcensisDiozese Gurk KlagenfurtKrska skofijaKlagenfurt CathedralCoat of armsLocationCountry AustriaTerritoryCarinthiaEcclesiastical provinceSalzburgMetropolitanArchdiocese of SalzburgStatisticsArea9 533 km2 3 681 sq mi Population Total Catholics including non members as of 2019 560 983363 505 64 8 Parishes336InformationDenominationRoman CatholicRiteRoman RiteEstablishedMarch 6 1071CathedralDom Sankt Peter und Paul KlagenfurtCo cathedralDom Maria Himmelfahrt Gurk CarinthiaPatron saintSaint HemmaJohn the BaptistSecular priests188 diocesan 55 Religious Orders 49 Permanent DeaconsCurrent leadershipPopeFrancisBishopJosef MarketzMetropolitan ArchbishopFranz LacknerApostolic AdministratorWerner FreistetterMapWebsiteWebsite of the DioceseDue to the presence of Carinthian Slovenes the organizational structures of the diocese are bilingual The Slovene language is together with German the language of church services in 69 southern parishes of the diocese Contents 1 History 1 1 Middle Ages 1 2 Modern times 2 Churches 2 1 Special churches 3 Deaneries 4 Notable bishops 5 See also 6 References and notes 7 External linksHistory EditMiddle Ages Edit Gurk Cathedral In 1072 a suffragan bishopric in the Duchy of Carinthia subordinate to the Archdiocese of Salzburg was erected by Archbishop Gebhard of Salzburg with the authorization of Pope Alexander II 21 March 1070 and Emperor Henry IV 4 February 1072 It could rely on the properties of a former nunnery in Gurk founded by Countess Hemma in 1043 The first bishop installed was the local noble Gunther von Krapffeld 1072 1090 The episcopal residence was not in Gurk but at nearby Strassburg Castle Initially the Gurk bishops only held the rights of vicars while the right of appointment consecration and investiture was reserved to the Salzburg archbishop The diocese served as a model for later Salzburg establishments like the Bishopric of Chiemsee 1216 the Diocese of Seckau 1218 and the Diocese of Lavant 1228 Not until 1123 Archbishop Conrad I of Salzburg founded a cathedral chapter at Gurk which under Bishop Roman I 1132 1167 obtained the right to elect the bishop The boundaries of the diocese were only defined in 1131 Originally the territory embraced was small but the jurisdiction of the Bishop of Gurk extended beyond the limits of his diocese inasmuch as he was also vicar general of that part of Carinthia under the Archbishop of Salzburg The rights of a secular Vogt advocate were held by the Carinthian dukes After a contest of a hundred years the metropolitan regained the right of appointment Dissensions did not cease for in 1432 the Habsburg duke Frederick IV of Austria claimed the right of investiture which even was a subject of the consultations at the Council of Basel under Pope Eugene IV In 1448 King Frederick IV of Germany concluded an agreement with Pope Nicholas V to reserve the right of appointment for himself and when in 1470 Sixtus of Tannberg was appointed Gurk bishop by the Salzburg chapter Frederick enforced his resignation four years later Finally on 25 October 1535 the Archbishop of Salzburg and former Gurk bishop Matthaus Lang von Wellenburg concluded a long lasting agreement with King Ferdinand I of Germany according to which the nomination of the Bishop of Gurk is to rest twice in succession with the sovereign and every third time with the Archbishop of Salzburg under all circumstances the archbishop was to retain the right of confirmation consecration and investiture Though from 1460 onwards the Gurk bishops held the right to bear the title of a prince bishop they never exerted any secular power Modern times Edit In 1761 Count Hieronymus von Colloredo was appointed Bishop of Gurk by Archbishop Sigismund von Schrattenbach whom Colloredo succeeded in 1771 Under Bishop Joseph Franz Auersperg a dedicated follower of Josephinism the Gurk diocese received an accession of territory by Emperor Joseph II in 1775 and again in 1786 Nevertheless the present extent of the diocese embracing the whole of Carinthia dates only from its reconstitution in 1859 The episcopal residence was transferred in 1787 to the capital of Carinthia Klagenfurt A prominent modern prince bishop was Valentin Wiery 1858 1880 According to the census of 1906 the Catholic population of the diocese was 369 000 of whom three fourths were German and the rest Slovenes The 24 deaneries embraced 345 parishes citation needed The cathedral chapter at Klagenfurt consisted of three mitred dignitaries five honorary and five stipendiary canons Among the institutions of religious orders the Benedictine Abbey of St Paul founded in 1091 suppressed in 1782 restored in 1807 holds first place There were also Jesuits at Klagenfurt and St Andra Dominicans at Friesach Capuchins at Klagenfurt and Wolfsberg Franciscans at Villach Olivetans at Tanzenberg Servites at Kotsehach Brothers of Mercy at St Veit on the Glan in charge of an immense hospital founded in 1877 and a number of religious communities of women for the care of the sick and the instruction of youth The clergy are trained in the episcopal seminary at Klagenfurt which has been since 1887 under the direction of the Jesuits The professors are Benedictines from the Abbey of Saint Paul and Jesuits The education of aspirants to the priesthood is provided for at Klagenfurt in a preparatory seminary established by Bishop Wiery in 1860 and enlarged by Bishop Kahn At Saint Paul s the Benedictines conduct a private gymnasium with the privileges of a government school At Klagenfurt there is also a Catholic teachers seminary under ecclesiastical supervision Churches EditChief among the examples of ecclesiastical architecture both in point of age and artistic interest is Gurk Cathedral which dates back to the beginnings of the diocese having been completed about 1220 Also worthy of note are the Romanesque church and cloister of Millstatt Abbey and as monuments of Gothic architecture the parish churches at Bad Sankt Leonhard im Lavanttal Heiligenblut Villach Volkermarkt St Wolfgang ob Grades Metnitz and Waitschach Huttenberg One of the largest and most beautiful churches of Carinthia is the Dominican Church at Friesach The Klagenfurt Cathedral was built in 1591 during the Protestant Reformation in 1604 it was acquired by the Jesuits and consecrated in honour of the Apostles Saints Peter and Paul Maria Saal Cathedral Prominent among the places of pilgrimage in the diocese is Maria Saal visited annually by from 15 000 to 20 000 pilgrims Among Catholic associations special mention should be made of those for the advancement of the Catholic Press and for the diffusion of good books for the German population the St Joseph s Verein founded at Klagenfurt in 1893 and the St Joseph s Book Confraternity for the Slovenes the St Hermagoras Verein established in 1852 1860 with its headquarters at Klagenfurt and widely established among Slovenes in other dioceses Special churches Edit Former Cathedrals Sankt Andra Karnten Assumption of Mary provost and pilgrimage church Maria Saal Minor Basilica Maria Luggau Our Lady of the Snows LesachtalDeaneries EditBleiburg Pliberk Eberndorf Dobrla vas Feldkirchen Ferlach Borovlje Friesach Gmund Millstatt Greifenburg Gurk Hermagor Smohor Klagenfurt Stadt Klagenfurt Land Celovec dezela Kotschach Krappfeld Obervellach Rosegg Rozek Sankt Andra Sankt Veit an der Glan Spittal an der Drau Tainach Tinje Villach Land Beljak dezela Villach Stadt Volkermarkt Velikovec WolfsbergNotable bishops Edit Episcopal coat of arms See also Bishop of Gurk Sixtus of Tannberg 1470 1474 Raymond Peraudi 1491 1505 Cardinal Matthaus Lang von Wellenburg 1505 1522 Hieronymus Balbus 1522 1526 Sigismund Francis Archduke of Austria 1653 1665 Archbishop Count Hieronymus von Colloredo 1761 1772 Cardinal Joseph Franz Auersperg 1772 1783 Valentin Wiery 1858 1880 See also EditRoman Catholicism in AustriaReferences and notes EditExternal links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Roman Catholic Diocese of Gurk GCatholic org self published Catholic Hierarchy self published Diocese website Herbermann Charles ed 1913 Diocese of Gurk Catholic Encyclopedia New York Robert Appleton Company Coordinates 46 37 20 N 14 18 34 E 46 6221 N 14 3094 E 46 6221 14 3094 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Roman Catholic Diocese of Gurk amp oldid 1106893469, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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