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Morandi was born in Rome. After his graduation in 1927, Morandi gained experience in Calabria working with reinforced concrete in earthquake-damaged areas. On his return to Rome to open his own office, he continued with his technical exploration of reinforced and prestressed concrete structures and embarked on the design of a series of novel cinema structures and bridges. His numerous later works include his work on the Fiumicino Airport (Rome) in 1970.
Criticism of the cable-stayed bridges by Morandiedit
Morandi's cable-stayed bridges are characterised by very few stays, often as few as two per span, and often with the spans constructed from prestressed concrete rather than the more-usual steel.[4]
Although these bridges are often impressive, they are less economic than bridges with multiple stays and have therefore been of little influence on other engineers.[5] Bridges by Morandi have proved to require extensive maintenance and repairs over the years to pass bridge safety inspections, and cables embedded in concrete are difficult to inspect.
On his General Rafael Urdaneta Bridge in Venezuela - where the cables of the stays are not covered with prestressed concrete (as instead intended from the initial project, and optimal for Morandi)[6] - several exposed cables snapped from rapid corrosion, and all the stay-cables were replaced just 18 years after construction.[7]
About Ponte Morandi in Genoa (Polcevera Viaduct), since the 1970s Morandi himself had signaled and requested attention to the incorrect structural response of his bridge in Genoa, with the related safety risks, mentioning an unexpectedly fast corrosion as a possible reason for the problems, and has called for corrective works.[8][9][10]
In 2016 Ponte Morandi had been described by Antonio Brencich as a "failure of engineering", with escalating maintenance costs to keep it safe.[11] Pier number 9 of the bridge collapsed on 14 August 2018, causing 43 fatalities. The other two stayed-piers remained standing, as did the other eight non-stayed piers. The cause of the collapse was still under investigation more than two years later.
Morandi's similar but smaller Wadi el Kuf Bridge, in Libya, during October 2017 was closed for 2 days for safety reasons after inspections identified potential fractures in the bridge (After the alert, road transport engineers inspected the bridge and said that it needed only emergency maintenance and was safe; then was open again for light traffic, while local security officials are stopping heavily-loaded trucks from crossing in groups).[12][13] Similar security alert follow in August 2018, but about this not other specific information is available about the bridge status (if closed or still open, exactly structure problems).[14]
Projectsedit
Major works (bridges only) by Morandi is shown below:[15]
^www.detailsinsection.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/6Architettura-Ingegneria.pdf (in Italian and English) "LA CONCEZIONE STRUTTURALE Ingegneria e architettura in Italia negli anni cinquanta e sessanta" - 2008 "Riccardo Morandi and the V Pavillion for Torino Esposizioni" @ page 239
^Riccardo Morandi was elected a Fellow of the Society on March 11th 1963. This followed his presentation of a paper in January the previous year, "Engineering and Architecture" (Journal of the Royal Society of Arts, Vol. 110, No. 5066 (JANUARY 1962), pp. 75-92 - https://www.jstor.org/stable/41367048 ) - The RSA's records
^A document of 1978 explaining the modern concrete cable-stay bridge of Morandi
^Fernández Troyano, Leonardo (2003). Bridge Engineering: A Global Perspective. Thomas Telford Publishing.
^(in Italian) L'invenzione di Morandi "...i 6 cavalletti bilanciati sostengono le travi intermedie di "serraglia"; lo strallo è più sottile e sempre matericamente omogeneo, a conferma del suo ruolo chiave nella figura, compiuta e perfetta. Ma lo strallo omogeneizzato è destinato a lasciare il posto a un più ordinario fascio di cavi di acciaio, prodotto secondo il brevetto Felten & Guilleaume, come confermato nell'ultima relazione di calcolo firmata da Morandi, nel febbraio 1960, nonostante il plastico sulla copertina ne esalti ancora la matericità."https://www.ingenio-web.it/21020-linvenzione-di-morandi
^De Rincon, Oladis; et al. (October 2001). "Inspection and Repair of Lake Maracaibo Bridge Suspension Cables". Materials Performance. 40 (10): 34–38.
^(in Italian)Corriere della Sera, Venerdì 31 agosto 2018, Pagina 12 "La relazione sull'opera e quell'inquietudine dell'ingegner Morandi" – di Giuseppe Pullara. (The Engineer Remo Calzona [it], in 1976 student of Morandi, speaks of the problems he saw on the Genoa bridge in that year, when Morandi involved him in analysis about that.)
^Note: for some other '50-'60 works, not only bridges, check Italian language website atlante.iuav.it, set "Morandi Riccardo" on the "Ingegnere" menù, then press "Ricerca" button.
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You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Italian October 2018 Click show for important translation instructions View a machine translated version of the Italian article Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Consider adding a topic to this template there are already 3 069 articles in the main category and specifying topic will aid in categorization Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Italian Wikipedia article at it Riccardo Morandi see its history for attribution You should also add the template Translated it Riccardo Morandi to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation Riccardo Morandi 1 September 1902 25 December 1989 was an Italian civil engineer best known for his innovative use of reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete although over the years some of his particular cable stayed bridges have had some maintenance trouble Riccardo Morandi visiting Palace of Justice Competition Amongst his best known works are the General Rafael Urdaneta Bridge an 8 km 5 mi cable stayed bridge crossing Lake Maracaibo in Venezuela a similar bridge in Genoa commonly known as Ponte Morandi officially Viadotto Polcevera which partially collapsed in 2018 for reasons under investigation and the Subterranean Automobile Showroom in Turin 1 Contents 1 Career 2 Criticism of the cable stayed bridges by Morandi 3 Projects 4 References 5 External linksCareer edit nbsp General Rafael Urdaneta Bridge 1962 Maracaibo Venezuela 2013 photo nbsp Viadotto Polcevera 1967Genoa Italy 2010 photo nbsp Wadi el Kuf Bridge 1972Bayda Libya 2004 photo Morandi was born in Rome After his graduation in 1927 Morandi gained experience in Calabria working with reinforced concrete in earthquake damaged areas On his return to Rome to open his own office he continued with his technical exploration of reinforced and prestressed concrete structures and embarked on the design of a series of novel cinema structures and bridges His numerous later works include his work on the Fiumicino Airport Rome in 1970 Morandi was appointed professor of bridge design both at the University of Florence and the University of Rome became a Fellow of the Royal Society for the Encouragement of Arts Manufactures and Commerce FRSA in 1963 2 and received an honorary doctorate in architecture by Technical University of Munich T U M in 1979 3 Criticism of the cable stayed bridges by Morandi editMorandi s cable stayed bridges are characterised by very few stays often as few as two per span and often with the spans constructed from prestressed concrete rather than the more usual steel 4 Although these bridges are often impressive they are less economic than bridges with multiple stays and have therefore been of little influence on other engineers 5 Bridges by Morandi have proved to require extensive maintenance and repairs over the years to pass bridge safety inspections and cables embedded in concrete are difficult to inspect On his General Rafael Urdaneta Bridge in Venezuela where the cables of the stays are not covered with prestressed concrete as instead intended from the initial project and optimal for Morandi 6 several exposed cables snapped from rapid corrosion and all the stay cables were replaced just 18 years after construction 7 About Ponte Morandi in Genoa Polcevera Viaduct since the 1970s Morandi himself had signaled and requested attention to the incorrect structural response of his bridge in Genoa with the related safety risks mentioning an unexpectedly fast corrosion as a possible reason for the problems and has called for corrective works 8 9 10 In 2016 Ponte Morandi had been described by Antonio Brencich as a failure of engineering with escalating maintenance costs to keep it safe 11 Pier number 9 of the bridge collapsed on 14 August 2018 causing 43 fatalities The other two stayed piers remained standing as did the other eight non stayed piers The cause of the collapse was still under investigation more than two years later Morandi s similar but smaller Wadi el Kuf Bridge in Libya during October 2017 was closed for 2 days for safety reasons after inspections identified potential fractures in the bridge After the alert road transport engineers inspected the bridge and said that it needed only emergency maintenance and was safe then was open again for light traffic while local security officials are stopping heavily loaded trucks from crossing in groups 12 13 Similar security alert follow in August 2018 but about this not other specific information is available about the bridge status if closed or still open exactly structure problems 14 Projects editMajor works bridges only by Morandi is shown below 15 nbsp Ponte di San Niccolo it 1949 Florence Italy nbsp Ponte Morandi Toscana it 1953 Vagli Sotto Italy nbsp Paul Sauer Bridge1956 Eastern Cape South Africa nbsp Ponte Amerigo Vespucci1957 Florence Italy nbsp Ponte Bisantis it 1960 Catanzaro Italy nbsp General Rafael Urdaneta Bridge1962 Maracaibo Venezuela nbsp Ponte Giovanni XXIII1964 Sabaudia Italy nbsp Kinnaird Bridge it 16 1965 Castlegar Canada nbsp Viadotto Ansa del Tevere it 1967 Rome Italy nbsp Viadotto Polcevera1967 Genoa Italy nbsp National Unity Bridge es 17 1970 Guayaquil Ecuador nbsp Wadi el Kuf Bridge1971 Bayda Libya nbsp Laureano Gomez bridge 18 1974 Colombia nbsp Lake Polyfytos Bridge Servia Bridge 1975 Kozani Greece nbsp Viadotto Carpineto it 19 1977 Potenza Italy nbsp Ponte Costanzo it 20 1984 Ragusa Italy Morandi was also involved in the construction of the Powerline crossing of Messina Strait References edit www detailsinsection org wp content uploads 2014 07 6Architettura Ingegneria pdf in Italian and English LA CONCEZIONE STRUTTURALE Ingegneria e architettura in Italia negli anni cinquanta e sessanta 2008 Riccardo Morandi and the V Pavillion for Torino Esposizioni page 239 Riccardo Morandi was elected a Fellow of the Society on March 11th 1963 This followed his presentation of a paper in January the previous year Engineering and Architecture Journal of the Royal Society of Arts Vol 110 No 5066 JANUARY 1962 pp 75 92 https www jstor org stable 41367048 The RSA s records TUM Fakultat fur Architektur Technische Universitat Munchen Ehrendoktoren Riccardo Morandi 1979 https www ar tum de de fakultaet auszeichnungen ehrendoktoren A document of 1978 explaining the modern concrete cable stay bridge of Morandi Fernandez Troyano Leonardo 2003 Bridge Engineering A Global Perspective Thomas Telford Publishing in Italian L invenzione di Morandi i 6 cavalletti bilanciati sostengono le travi intermedie di serraglia lo strallo e piu sottile e sempre matericamente omogeneo a conferma del suo ruolo chiave nella figura compiuta e perfetta Ma lo strallo omogeneizzato e destinato a lasciare il posto a un piu ordinario fascio di cavi di acciaio prodotto secondo il brevetto Felten amp Guilleaume come confermato nell ultima relazione di calcolo firmata da Morandi nel febbraio 1960 nonostante il plastico sulla copertina ne esalti ancora la matericita https www ingenio web it 21020 linvenzione di morandi De Rincon Oladis et al October 2001 Inspection and Repair of Lake Maracaibo Bridge Suspension Cables Materials Performance 40 10 34 38 in Italian Corriere della Sera Venerdi 31 agosto 2018 Pagina 12 La relazione sull opera e quell inquietudine dell ingegner Morandi di Giuseppe Pullara The Engineer Remo Calzona it in 1976 student of Morandi speaks of the problems he saw on the Genoa bridge in that year when Morandi involved him in analysis about that Morandi Riccardo 1979 The long term behaviour of viaducts subjected to heavy traffic and situated in an aggressive environment the viaduct on the Polcevera in Genoa https webapi ingenio web it immagini file byname name riccardo morandi durabilita ponte pp pdf in Italian Ponte Morandi quell allarme inascoltato del 1981 https genova repubblica it cronaca 2018 08 29 news ponte morandi quell allarme inascoltato del 1981 205155625 Genoa bridge collapse Unusual span had seen frequent repair work TheGuardian com 14 August 2018 AlHarathy Safa 26 October 2017 Authorities in east Libya close Wadi el Kuf Bridge for safety reasons Libya Observer Retrieved 15 August 2018 Cracked Beida road bridge declared safe https www libyaherald com 2017 10 27 cracked beida road bridge declared safe See Talk Riccardo Morandi proposal of editing about Wadi el Kuf Bridge paragraph Note for some other 50 60 works not only bridges check Italian language website atlante iuav it set Morandi Riccardo on the Ingegnere menu then press Ricerca button Kinnaird Bridge 1965 Castlegar BC http staging waymarking com gallery image aspx f 1 amp guid 5c25df29 6e8d 44fc aa10 d9f705a62dfa The 1970 bridge is on the left side in right side new bridge build in 2006 Laureano Gomez bridge also known as Pumarejo bridge three cable stayed spans Irminio Bridge Ponte Costanzo Viadotto Irminio http www highestbridges com wiki index php 3Ftitle 3DIrminio BridgeExternal links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Riccardo Morandi Riccardo Morandi at archINFORM Riccardo Morandi at Structurae Short biography in Italian Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Riccardo Morandi amp oldid 1215382452, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
