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Rethymno

January 13, 2023

Rethymno (Greek: Ρέθυμνο, [ˈreθimno], also Rethimno, Rethymnon, Réthymnon, and Rhíthymnos) is a city in Greece on the island of Crete. It is the capital of Rethymno regional unit, and has a population of more than 30,000 inhabitants (near 40,000 for the municipal unit).

Rethymno
Ρέθυμνο
View of Rethymno
Rethymno
Location within the region
Coordinates: 35°22′08″N 24°28′26″E / 35.36889°N 24.47389°E / 35.36889; 24.47389Coordinates: 35°22′08″N 24°28′26″E / 35.36889°N 24.47389°E / 35.36889; 24.47389
CountryGreece
Administrative regionCrete
Regional unitRethymno
MunicipalityRethymno
Government
 • MayorGiorgos Marinakis (PASOK)
 • Municipal unit126.5 km2 (48.8 sq mi)
Highest elevation
15 m (49 ft)
Lowest elevation
0 m (0 ft)
Population
 (2011)[1]
 • Municipal unit
37,462
 • Municipal unit density300/km2 (770/sq mi)
Community
[1]
 • Population34,300 (2011)
 • Area (km2)26.777
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+3 (EEST)
Postal code
741 00
Area code(s)28310
Vehicle registrationΡΕ
Websitewww.rethymno.gr

Rethymno was originally built during the Minoan civilization (ancient Rhithymna and Arsinoe). The city was prominent enough to mint its own coins and maintain urban growth. One of these coins is today depicted as the crest of the town: two dolphins in a circle.

History

Main articles: Rhithymna and Arsinoe (Crete)
 
View of the old harbour
 
Inside the Fortezza of Rethymno

This region as a whole is rich with ancient history, most notably through the Minoan civilisation centred at Knossos east of Rethymno.[2] Rethymno itself began a period of growth when the Venetian conquerors of the island decided to put an intermediate commercial station between Heraklion and Chania, acquiring its own bishop and nobility in the process. Today's old town (palia poli) was almost entirely built by the Republic of Venice. It is one of the best-preserved old towns in Crete.

From circa 1250 the city was the seat of the Latin Diocese of Retimo, which was renamed Retimo–Ario after the absorption in 1551 of the Diocese of Ario and as suppressed only after the Turkish conquest.

The town still maintains its old aristocratic appearance, with its buildings dating from the 16th century, arched doorways, stone staircases, Byzantine and Hellenic-Roman remains, the small Venetian harbour and narrow streets. The Venetian Loggia houses the information office of the Ministry of Culture and Sports. A Wine Festival is held there annually at the beginning of July. Another festival, in memory of the destruction of the Arkadi Monastery, is held on 7–8 November.

The city's Venetian-era citadel, the Fortezza of Rethymno, is one of the best-preserved castles in Crete. Other monuments include the Neradje Mosque (the Municipal Odeon arts centre), the Great Gate (Μεγάλη Πόρτα or "Porta Guora"), the Piazza Rimondi and the Loggia.

The town was captured by the Ottoman Empire in 1646 during the Cretan War (1645–69) and they ruled it for almost three centuries. The town, called Resmo in Turkish, was the centre of a sanjak (administrative part of a province) during Ottoman rule.

During the Battle of Crete (20–30 May 1941), the Battle of Rethymno was fought between German paratroopers and the Second Australian Imperial Force and Hellenic Army. Although initially unsuccessful, the Germans won the battle after receiving reinforcements from Maleme in the Northwestern part of the island.

Today the city's main income is from tourism, many new facilities having been built in the past 20 years. Agriculture is also notable, especially for olive oil and other Mediterranean products.

Municipality

 
Rethymno Lighthouse
 
Street and the belltower of Megalos Antonios church in the fond
 
Beach of Rethymno
 
Aquila Rithymna Beach

The municipality of Rethymno was formed at the 2011 local government reform by the merger of the following 4 former municipalities, that became municipal units:[3]

Population of Rethymno [4]
Settlements 1940 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011
Rethymno (city) 8,648 11,057 14,999 14,969 17,136 23,355 28,987 32,468
Agia Eirini 96 88 63 47 34 63 49 75
Agios Markos - - - - 18 65 - -
Anogeia 50 25 25 21 13 15 89 131
Gallos 315 274 252 180 146 205 430 922
Giannoudi 92 82 78 30 22 23 96 116
Kastellakia - 45 27 36 105 - - -
Koumpes - 106 - - - - - -
Metochi Albani 67 79 31 - - - - -
Megalo Metochi (Risvan) - 33 25 - 6 28 29 46
Mikro Metochi - - - - 29 91 188 149
Misiria 294 212 - - - - - -
Xiro Chorio 214 219 132 90 - 114 131 221
Perivolia 853 805 - - - - - -
Platanes 343 488 - - - - - -
Tria Monastiria - - - - 18 105 107 172
Total 10,972 13,513 15,632 15,373 18,190 24,064 31,687 34,300

Culture

Rethymno is home to the following museums:

The Treasure Hunt of Rethymno is a game played by local people and takes place two weeks before Carnival.[5]

Literature

Pandelis Prevelakis wrote Το χρονικό μιας πολιτείας (1937), The Chronicle of a Town, a nostalgic depiction of Rethymno from the period of the Cretan State (1898) to the expulsion of the Cretan Turks (1924).

Sports

Rethymno hosted the international athletics meeting known as Vardinogianneia. The athletics meeting stopped in 2012 due to Greek financial crisis.[6] Rethymno has many sport clubs with presence in Panhellenic championships of various sports. Below is alist of the main sport clubs of Rethymno.

Sport clubs based in Rethymno
Club Founded Sports Achievements
Neos Asteras Rethymno F.C. 1945 Football Earlier presence in Gamma Ethniki
NO Rethymnou 1963 Water Polo Presence in A1 Ethniki women
EA Rethymniakou 1983 Football, Track and Field Earlier presence in Beta Ethniki
Rethymno B.C. 1986 Basketball Presence in A1 Ethniki
OPE Rethymnou 1992 Volleyball Presence in A1 Ethniki women

Education

In the Rethymno Campus of the University of Crete are located the School of Philosophy, the School of Education, the School of Social, Economics and Political Sciences, and the University Library of the University of Crete. On a yearly basis, there are about 8.000 students studying at "Galos" where the Campus and the Academic Institute of Mediterranean Studies are located. Also in Rethymnon is located the School of Music and Optoacoustic Technologies of the Hellenic Mediterranean University.[7] Finally, in Rethymno, Tria Monastiria area is located the international research Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser[8] of the Hellenic Mediterranean University which is the access point of the National Research Facility HELLAS-CH .

Geography

Climate

Climate data for Rethymno, Greece
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °F (°C) 55
(13) 		55
(13) 		59
(15) 		64
(18) 		73
(23) 		82
(28) 		86
(30) 		86
(30) 		81
(27) 		72
(22) 		64
(18) 		57
(14) 		69.5
(20.8)
Average low °F (°C) 45
(7) 		45
(7) 		46
(8) 		52
(11) 		57
(14) 		64
(18) 		70
(21) 		70
(21) 		64
(18) 		59
(15) 		54
(12) 		48
(9) 		56.166
(13.43)
Source: <Holiday Weather >"Rethymnon, Greece - Average Annual Weather - Holiday Weather". Rethymnon: Annual Weather Averages. Holiday Weather. 2016. Retrieved 12 September 2016.

Notable locals

Royalty and politics
Other

International relations

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Greece

Rethymno is twinned with :

Gallery

  •  

    Panorama of the city

  •  

    Rimondi Fountain

  •  

    Venetian loggia

  •  

    Guora Gate (Megali Pyli), old city gate

  •  

    View of the old town

  •  

    Sultan Ibrahim mosque

  •  

    The catholic church of Agios Antonios

See also

References

Notes
  1. ^ a b "Απογραφή Πληθυσμού - Κατοικιών 2011. ΜΟΝΙΜΟΣ Πληθυσμός" (in Greek). Hellenic Statistical Authority.
  2. ^ C. Michael Hogan, Cydonia, The Modern Antiquarian, Jan. 23, 2008
  3. ^ "ΦΕΚ B 1292/2010, Kallikratis reform municipalities" (in Greek). Government Gazette.
  4. ^ Hellenic Statistical Authority, Digital Library (ELSAT), Census (Greek and English)
  5. ^ "Largest treasure hunt game". [1]. Retrieved 12 February 2017. {{cite web}}: External link in |publisher= (help)
  6. ^ "Χωρίς "Βαρδινογιάννεια" και το 2013". rethnea.gr. 4 January 2013. Retrieved 11 November 2015.
  7. ^ "Ελληνικό Μεσογειακό Πανεπιστήμιο". Ελληνικό Μεσογειακό Πανεπιστήμιο (in Greek). Retrieved 2019-12-30.
  8. ^ "Plasma|Ρέθυμνο|www.ippl.hmu.gr|IPPL HELLENIC MEDITERRANEAN UNIVERSITY". cppl-1 (in Greek). Retrieved 2019-12-30.

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Municipality of Rethymno.
  •   Rethymno travel guide from Wikivoyage
  • http://www.explorerrethymno.gr
  • Prefecture of Rethymno - Official website
  • Rethymno The Official website of the Greek National Tourism Organisation

January 13, 2023
rethymno, greek, Ρέθυμνο, ˈreθimno, also, rethimno, réthymnon, rhíthymnos, city, greece, island, crete, capital, regional, unit, population, more, than, inhabitants, near, municipal, unit, Ρέθυμνοview, location, within, regioncoordinates, 36889, 47389, 36889, . Rethymno Greek Re8ymno ˈre8imno also Rethimno Rethymnon Rethymnon and Rhithymnos is a city in Greece on the island of Crete It is the capital of Rethymno regional unit and has a population of more than 30 000 inhabitants near 40 000 for the municipal unit Rethymno Re8ymnoView of RethymnoRethymnoLocation within the regionCoordinates 35 22 08 N 24 28 26 E 35 36889 N 24 47389 E 35 36889 24 47389 Coordinates 35 22 08 N 24 28 26 E 35 36889 N 24 47389 E 35 36889 24 47389CountryGreeceAdministrative regionCreteRegional unitRethymnoMunicipalityRethymnoGovernment MayorGiorgos Marinakis PASOK Municipal unit126 5 km2 48 8 sq mi Highest elevation15 m 49 ft Lowest elevation0 m 0 ft Population 2011 1 Municipal unit37 462 Municipal unit density300 km2 770 sq mi Community 1 Population34 300 2011 Area km2 26 777Time zoneUTC 2 EET Summer DST UTC 3 EEST Postal code741 00Area code s 28310Vehicle registrationREWebsitewww rethymno grRethymno was originally built during the Minoan civilization ancient Rhithymna and Arsinoe The city was prominent enough to mint its own coins and maintain urban growth One of these coins is today depicted as the crest of the town two dolphins in a circle Contents 1 History 2 Municipality 3 Culture 3 1 Literature 3 2 Sports 4 Education 5 Geography 5 1 Climate 6 Notable locals 7 International relations 8 Gallery 9 See also 10 References 11 External linksHistory EditMain articles Rhithymna and Arsinoe Crete View of the old harbour Inside the Fortezza of Rethymno This region as a whole is rich with ancient history most notably through the Minoan civilisation centred at Knossos east of Rethymno 2 Rethymno itself began a period of growth when the Venetian conquerors of the island decided to put an intermediate commercial station between Heraklion and Chania acquiring its own bishop and nobility in the process Today s old town palia poli was almost entirely built by the Republic of Venice It is one of the best preserved old towns in Crete From circa 1250 the city was the seat of the Latin Diocese of Retimo which was renamed Retimo Ario after the absorption in 1551 of the Diocese of Ario and as suppressed only after the Turkish conquest The town still maintains its old aristocratic appearance with its buildings dating from the 16th century arched doorways stone staircases Byzantine and Hellenic Roman remains the small Venetian harbour and narrow streets The Venetian Loggia houses the information office of the Ministry of Culture and Sports A Wine Festival is held there annually at the beginning of July Another festival in memory of the destruction of the Arkadi Monastery is held on 7 8 November The city s Venetian era citadel the Fortezza of Rethymno is one of the best preserved castles in Crete Other monuments include the Neradje Mosque the Municipal Odeon arts centre the Great Gate Megalh Porta or Porta Guora the Piazza Rimondi and the Loggia The town was captured by the Ottoman Empire in 1646 during the Cretan War 1645 69 and they ruled it for almost three centuries The town called Resmo in Turkish was the centre of a sanjak administrative part of a province during Ottoman rule During the Battle of Crete 20 30 May 1941 the Battle of Rethymno was fought between German paratroopers and the Second Australian Imperial Force and Hellenic Army Although initially unsuccessful the Germans won the battle after receiving reinforcements from Maleme in the Northwestern part of the island Today the city s main income is from tourism many new facilities having been built in the past 20 years Agriculture is also notable especially for olive oil and other Mediterranean products Municipality Edit Rethymno Lighthouse Street and the belltower of Megalos Antonios church in the fond Beach of Rethymno Aquila Rithymna Beach The municipality of Rethymno was formed at the 2011 local government reform by the merger of the following 4 former municipalities that became municipal units 3 Arkadi Lappa Nikiforos Fokas RethymnoPopulation of Rethymno 4 Settlements 1940 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011Rethymno city 8 648 11 057 14 999 14 969 17 136 23 355 28 987 32 468Agia Eirini 96 88 63 47 34 63 49 75Agios Markos 18 65 Anogeia 50 25 25 21 13 15 89 131Gallos 315 274 252 180 146 205 430 922Giannoudi 92 82 78 30 22 23 96 116Kastellakia 45 27 36 105 Koumpes 106 Metochi Albani 67 79 31 Megalo Metochi Risvan 33 25 6 28 29 46Mikro Metochi 29 91 188 149Misiria 294 212 Xiro Chorio 214 219 132 90 114 131 221Perivolia 853 805 Platanes 343 488 Tria Monastiria 18 105 107 172Total 10 972 13 513 15 632 15 373 18 190 24 064 31 687 34 300Culture EditRethymno is home to the following museums Archaeological Museum of Rethymno Historical and Folklore Museum of Rethymno Municipal Gallery L Kanakakis The Frantzeskaki Collection Museum of Sea Life at RethymnoThe Treasure Hunt of Rethymno is a game played by local people and takes place two weeks before Carnival 5 Literature Edit Pandelis Prevelakis wrote To xroniko mias politeias 1937 The Chronicle of a Town a nostalgic depiction of Rethymno from the period of the Cretan State 1898 to the expulsion of the Cretan Turks 1924 Sports Edit Rethymno hosted the international athletics meeting known as Vardinogianneia The athletics meeting stopped in 2012 due to Greek financial crisis 6 Rethymno has many sport clubs with presence in Panhellenic championships of various sports Below is alist of the main sport clubs of Rethymno Sport clubs based in RethymnoClub Founded Sports AchievementsNeos Asteras Rethymno F C 1945 Football Earlier presence in Gamma EthnikiNO Rethymnou 1963 Water Polo Presence in A1 Ethniki womenEA Rethymniakou 1983 Football Track and Field Earlier presence in Beta EthnikiRethymno B C 1986 Basketball Presence in A1 EthnikiOPE Rethymnou 1992 Volleyball Presence in A1 Ethniki womenEducation EditIn the Rethymno Campus of the University of Crete are located the School of Philosophy the School of Education the School of Social Economics and Political Sciences and the University Library of the University of Crete On a yearly basis there are about 8 000 students studying at Galos where the Campus and the Academic Institute of Mediterranean Studies are located Also in Rethymnon is located the School of Music and Optoacoustic Technologies of the Hellenic Mediterranean University 7 Finally in Rethymno Tria Monastiria area is located the international research Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser 8 of the Hellenic Mediterranean University which is the access point of the National Research Facility HELLAS CH Geography EditClimate Edit Climate data for Rethymno GreeceMonth Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec YearAverage high F C 55 13 55 13 59 15 64 18 73 23 82 28 86 30 86 30 81 27 72 22 64 18 57 14 69 5 20 8 Average low F C 45 7 45 7 46 8 52 11 57 14 64 18 70 21 70 21 64 18 59 15 54 12 48 9 56 166 13 43 Source lt Holiday Weather gt Rethymnon Greece Average Annual Weather Holiday Weather Rethymnon Annual Weather Averages Holiday Weather 2016 Retrieved 12 September 2016 Notable locals EditRoyalty and politicsGeorgios Chortatzis 1545 1610 dramatist in Cretan verse Ahmed Resmi Efendi 1700 1783 Ottoman statesman author and ambassador Nikolaos Sifounakis born 1949 Greek politician Emetullah Rabia Gulnus Sultan 1642 1715 valide sultan Emmanouil Tsouderos 1882 1956 former Prime Minister of GreeceOtherStylianos Harkianakis 1935 2019 Greek Orthodox Archbishop of Australia Athanasius III of Constantinople Patriarch Pandelis Prevelakis 1909 1986 writer Manolis Xexakis born 1949 poet and writer Nick Dandolos 1883 1966 professional poker playerInternational relations EditSee also List of twin towns and sister cities in Greece Rethymno is twinned with Ayia Napa Cyprus Castenaso Italy Pushkin RussiaGallery Edit Panorama of the city Rimondi Fountain Venetian loggia Guora Gate Megali Pyli old city gate View of the old town Sultan Ibrahim mosque The catholic church of Agios Antonios Eleftherios Venizelos statueSee also EditHistory of Crete List of settlements in the Rethymno regional unit Rethymnian BreweryReferences EditNotes a b Apografh Plh8ysmoy Katoikiwn 2011 MONIMOS Plh8ysmos in Greek Hellenic Statistical Authority C Michael Hogan Cydonia The Modern Antiquarian Jan 23 2008 FEK B 1292 2010 Kallikratis reform municipalities in Greek Government Gazette Hellenic Statistical Authority Digital Library ELSAT Census Greek and English Largest treasure hunt game 1 Retrieved 12 February 2017 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a External link in code class cs1 code publisher code help Xwris Bardinogianneia kai to 2013 rethnea gr 4 January 2013 Retrieved 11 November 2015 Ellhniko Mesogeiako Panepisthmio Ellhniko Mesogeiako Panepisthmio in Greek Retrieved 2019 12 30 Plasma Re8ymno www ippl hmu gr IPPL HELLENIC MEDITERRANEAN UNIVERSITY cppl 1 in Greek Retrieved 2019 12 30 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Municipality of Rethymno Rethymno travel guide from Wikivoyage http www explorerrethymno gr Prefecture of Rethymno Official website Rethymno The Official website of the Greek National Tourism Organisation Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Rethymno amp oldid 1130435556, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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