Red 2G is a synthetic red azo dye. It is soluble in water and slightly soluble in glycerol. It usually comes as a disodium salt of 8-acetamido-1-hydroxy-2-phenylazonaphthalene-3,6 disulfonate.
Red 2G is produced by azo coupling of Acetyl-H acid and diazonium derivative of Aniline under basic conditions:[1]
Usesedit
Food dyeedit
In the European Union, Red 2G was used as a food dye (E number E128). However, it was only permitted for use in breakfast sausages with a minimum cereal content of 6% and burger meat with a minimum vegetable and/or cereal content of 4%.[2]
Following safety concerns raised by EFSA in its opinion of 5 July 2007,[3] the European Commission has prepared a draft Regulation to suspend use of E128 as a food colouring. This proposed course of action was unanimously approved by European Union Member States at a meeting of the Standing Committee of the Food Chain and Animal Health (Section Toxicological Safety of the Food Chain) on 20 July 2007.[4] and Commission Regulation (EC) No 884/2007[5] on emergency measures suspending the use of E 128 Red 2G as food colour was published in the Official Journal of the European Union on 27 July 2007.
It is relatively insensitive to the bleaching effect of sulfur dioxide (E220) and sodium metabisulfite (E223). In the intestines, Red 2G can be converted to the toxic compound aniline,[8] so there are concerns Red 2G may ultimately interfere with blood haemoglobin, as well as cause cancer.
Inksedit
It is also used as a dye for coatings, inks, paper, crepe paper, and fine tissue.
In July 2007, the EFSA established that E128 is potentially carcinogenic because it forms aniline in the body when consumed.[9] The pressure group, The Food Commission, said there had been concerns about Red 2G going back decades and it was suspected of being a carcinogen in the 1980s.[10]
Referencesedit
^H.E. Fierz-David, L. Blangey (1949), Fundamental Processes of Dye Chemistry, Translation of the 5. Austrian Edition by P.W. Vittum, Interscience Publishers, Inc., New York, pp. 263–264
^(PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-02-06. Retrieved 2007-07-10.
^"EFSA re-evaluates safety of food colours and adopts first opinion: Food colour Red 2G raises potential safety concerns". 9 July 2007.
^"Novel Food and Toxicological Safety - Food Safety - European Commission" (PDF). Food Safety.
^"Official Journal of the European Union". eur-lex.europa.eu. 27 July 2007. Retrieved 12 June 2023.
^"Mattilsynet". Archived from the original on 2012-08-04. Retrieved 2007-12-11.
^"Dye used in burgers and sausages banned". Retrieved 12 June 2023.
^Hickman, Martin (10 July 2007). . The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 2008-05-22. Retrieved 22 May 2010.
^"Sausage additive linked to cancer". 10 July 2007 – via news.bbc.co.uk.
^Hickman, Martin (10 July 2007). . The Independent. London. Archived from the original on July 12, 2007. Retrieved 2007-07-10.
January 01, 1970
synthetic, soluble, water, slightly, soluble, glycerol, usually, comes, disodium, salt, acetamido, hydroxy, phenylazonaphthalene, disulfonate, names, other, names, acid, 1food, 10amidonaphthol, gazogeranineazophloxineazofloxinc, 18050, identifiers, number, 373. Red 2G is a synthetic red azo dye It is soluble in water and slightly soluble in glycerol It usually comes as a disodium salt of 8 acetamido 1 hydroxy 2 phenylazonaphthalene 3 6 disulfonate Red 2G Names Other names Acid Red 1Food Red 10Amidonaphthol red GazogeranineazophloxineazofloxinC I 18050 Identifiers CAS Number 3734 67 6 Y 3D model JSmol Interactive image ChemSpider 21106472 Y ECHA InfoCard 100 020 999 E number E128 colours PubChem CID 6507024 UNII 3365R6427R Y CompTox Dashboard EPA DTXSID9044663 InChI InChI 1S C18H15N3O8S2 c1 10 22 19 14 9 13 30 24 25 26 7 11 8 15 31 27 28 29 17 18 23 16 11 14 21 20 12 5 3 2 4 6 12 h2 9 23H 1H3 H 19 22 H 24 25 26 H 27 28 29 p 2 b21 20 YKey RSNSKUBBVCGSND QZQOTICOSA L YInChI 1 C18H15N3O8S2 c1 10 22 19 14 9 13 30 24 25 26 7 11 8 15 31 27 28 29 17 18 23 16 11 14 21 20 12 5 3 2 4 6 12 h2 9 23H 1H3 H 19 22 H 24 25 26 H 27 28 29 p 2 b21 20 Key RSNSKUBBVCGSND OLKPTRFBBB SMILES CC O Nc2cc cc3cc c N N c1ccccc1 c O c23 S O O O S O O O Properties Chemical formula C 18H 13N 3O 8S 2 Molar mass 463 44 g mol 1 Solubility in water 18 g 100 mL 20 C Solubility 1 g 100 mL glycerolNegligible in ethanol Except where otherwise noted data are given for materials in their standard state at 25 C 77 F 100 kPa N verify what is Y N Infobox references Contents 1 Preparation 2 Uses 2 1 Food dye 2 2 Inks 2 3 Histology 3 Potential health risks 4 ReferencesPreparation editRed 2G is produced by azo coupling of Acetyl H acid and diazonium derivative of Aniline under basic conditions 1 nbsp Uses editFood dye edit In the European Union Red 2G was used as a food dye E number E128 However it was only permitted for use in breakfast sausages with a minimum cereal content of 6 and burger meat with a minimum vegetable and or cereal content of 4 2 Following safety concerns raised by EFSA in its opinion of 5 July 2007 3 the European Commission has prepared a draft Regulation to suspend use of E128 as a food colouring This proposed course of action was unanimously approved by European Union Member States at a meeting of the Standing Committee of the Food Chain and Animal Health Section Toxicological Safety of the Food Chain on 20 July 2007 4 and Commission Regulation EC No 884 2007 5 on emergency measures suspending the use of E 128 Red 2G as food colour was published in the Official Journal of the European Union on 27 July 2007 Red 2G is also banned in Australia Canada Japan Norway 6 and Malaysia 7 It was banned in Israel in July 2007 citation needed It is relatively insensitive to the bleaching effect of sulfur dioxide E220 and sodium metabisulfite E223 In the intestines Red 2G can be converted to the toxic compound aniline 8 so there are concerns Red 2G may ultimately interfere with blood haemoglobin as well as cause cancer Inks edit It is also used as a dye for coatings inks paper crepe paper and fine tissue Histology edit Red 2G can be also used for staining in histology though rarely e g as a component of Masson s trichrome Potential health risks editIn July 2007 the EFSA established that E128 is potentially carcinogenic because it forms aniline in the body when consumed 9 The pressure group The Food Commission said there had been concerns about Red 2G going back decades and it was suspected of being a carcinogen in the 1980s 10 References edit H E Fierz David L Blangey 1949 Fundamental Processes of Dye Chemistry Translation of the 5 Austrian Edition by P W Vittum Interscience Publishers Inc New York pp 263 264 European Parliament and council directive 94 36 EC of june 1994 on colours for use in foodstuffs PDF Archived from the original PDF on 2009 02 06 Retrieved 2007 07 10 EFSA re evaluates safety of food colours and adopts first opinion Food colour Red 2G raises potential safety concerns 9 July 2007 Novel Food and Toxicological Safety Food Safety European Commission PDF Food Safety Official Journal of the European Union eur lex europa eu 27 July 2007 Retrieved 12 June 2023 Mattilsynet Archived from the original on 2012 08 04 Retrieved 2007 12 11 Dye used in burgers and sausages banned Retrieved 12 June 2023 Hickman Martin 10 July 2007 Additive used in sausages and burgers may cause cancer The Independent London Archived from the original on 2008 05 22 Retrieved 22 May 2010 Sausage additive linked to cancer 10 July 2007 via news bbc co uk Hickman Martin 10 July 2007 Additive used in sausages and burgers may cause cancer The Independent London Archived from the original on July 12 2007 Retrieved 2007 07 10 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Red 2G amp oldid 1214525089, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
