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The Rassemblement pour l'Indépendance Nationale (RIN, in English: Rally for National Independence) was a political organization dedicated to the promotion of Quebec national independence from Canada.
It was founded on September 10, 1960, by about 30 people at the very beginning of the Quiet Revolution. The founders included many of former Alliance Laurentienne members. (The Alliance Laurentienne was dissolved after the creation of the RIN.) The founding members included André D'Allemagne, Jacques Bellemare and Marcel Chaput. Other prominent members included Andrée Ferretti, Hubert Aquin and Raymond Villeneuve. D'Allemagne, having participated in the Alliance Laurentienne, said that he had found the Alliance's right-wing tendencies quite unpleasant. This was a factor leading to the creation of an officially neutral organisation. However, as the RIN attracted many new young members it quickly became associated with more radical left-wing ideas.
In October 1960, the first general assembly of the organization published its manifesto calling for the independence of Quebec. Pierre Bourgault, who had joined shortly after foundation, became its president in 1964. Following the wish of the members as expressed in a resolution in 1963, the RIN was turned into a political party. Bourgault and his impassioned, fiery speeches contributed largely to the popularity of the RIN, and is often wrongly believed to be the founder of the movement.
In 1963, Georges Schoeters, Raymond Villeneuve and Gabriel Hudon, ex-members of the RIN youth wing left the party to form the underground, revolutionary Front de Libération du Québec.[1]
In the 1966 Quebec general election, the RIN, along with the Ralliement National (RN) won about 8.8% of the popular vote and no seats. Bourgault lost the northern Duplessis riding by a very small margin, a great accomplishment for such a third party. Although it never gathered a high number of votes Quebec-wide, it played an important role in the birth of the modern "indépendantiste" movement in Quebec and was very active in public demonstrations. Famous protests of the RIN include a 1964 demonstration disapproving the visit of Queen Elizabeth II to Quebec, and a 1968 protest about the presence of Pierre Trudeau on Saint-Jean-Baptiste Day that turned to riot. Their members and supporters were also present in the Montreal crowd and their symbols visible when French PresidentCharles de Gaulle shouted his famed "Vive le Québec Libre" (Long live free Quebec).
In October 1967, the charismatic Quebec Liberal PartyMember of the National Assembly and former cabinet minister René Lévesque left the Liberal Party when its members voted to not debate his idea of two independent but associated states (Quebec and Canada). Shortly after, the Mouvement Souveraineté-Association was founded with Lévesque as leader. The RIN quickly engaged in talks over a possible merger with the MSA. Bourgault and D'Allemagne strongly believed that the forces for Quebec independence had to unite to challenge the "old parties" (Liberals and Union Nationale).
Bourgault and Lévesque started to clash, as Lévesque had come to distrust the RIN because of its perceived rowdy behaviour. Additional opposition to the idea of a merger came from within the RIN itself; some militants (such as Andrée Ferretti) were heart-broken at the prospect of the "end" of their party. Ultimately, however, the desire for a strong independentist force carried the day. By 1968, the MSA came to an agreement with the Ralliement National to form the Parti Québécois, deliberately excluding the RIN as an entity. The RIN was divided on its position towards the PQ. The party ended up being dissolved and some members joined Lévesque's newly created party.
Stein, Michael B. "Separatism", in The Canadian Encyclopedia. Historica Foundation of Canada, 2008
"Pierre Bourgault", in The Canadian Encyclopedia. Historica Foundation of Canada, 2008
Smart, Patricia. "Aquin, Hubert", in The Canadian Encyclopedia. Historica Foundation of Canada, 2008
In FrenchEdit
Labrecque, Jean-Claude (2002). Le RIN, Montréal: Productions Virage, 78 min. (script: Michel Martin, Jean-Claude Labrecque)
Bruno Deshaies. "Manifeste du Rassemblement pour l'indépendance nationale", in the site Le Rond-Point des sciences humaines, 2002
D'Allemagne, André (2000). Une idée qui somnolait : écrits sur la souveraineté du Québec depuis les origines du RIN, 1958-2000, Montréal: Comeau & Nadeau, 250 p. ISBN2-922494-33-0
RIN. Programme politique du Rassemblement pour l'indépendance nationale : tel qu'adopté à son congrès de mai 1965, Montréal: RIN, 75 p.
Pelletier, Réjean (1974). Les militants du R.I.N., Ottawa : Editions de l'Université d'Ottawa, 82 p. ISBN0-7766-3051-2
D'Allemagne, André (1974). Le R.I.N. de 1960 à 1963 : étude d'un groupe de pression au Québec, Montréal : Editions L'Etincelle, 160 p. ISBN0-88515-029-5
RIN. Mémoire du Rassemblement pour l'indépendance nationale au Comité parlementaire de la constitution, 1964, 45 p.
Gauvin, Jean-François. "", in the site L'indépendance du Québec, updated June 2, 2004
Frappier, Bernard. "", dossier in Vigile.net
Cliche, Mathieu. "Rassemblement pour l'indépendance nationale", im QuébecPolitique.com,updated January 4, 2007
"Crise interne au RIN", in Les Archives de Radio-Canada. Société Radio-Canada, updated January 5, 2004
"Dissensions au congrès du RIN", in Les Archives de Radio-Canada. Société Radio-Canada, updated April 6, 2005
External linksEdit
Unofficial English translation of the 1960 Manifesto of the RIN
October 15, 2023
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You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in French September 2019 Click show for important translation instructions View a machine translated version of the French article Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing French Wikipedia article at fr Rassemblement pour l Independance Nationale see its history for attribution You should also add the template Translated fr Rassemblement pour l Independance Nationale to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation The Rassemblement pour l Independance Nationale RIN in English Rally for National Independence was a political organization dedicated to the promotion of Quebec national independence from Canada Rally for National Independence Rassemblement pour l Independance NationaleFounded1960 1960 Dissolved1968 1968 IdeologyQuebec sovereigntismSocial democracyColoursVariedPolitics of QuebecPolitical partiesElections Contents 1 History 2 Leaders 3 Publication 4 Election results 5 Notes 6 See also 7 References 7 1 In English 7 2 In French 8 External linksHistory EditIt was founded on September 10 1960 by about 30 people at the very beginning of the Quiet Revolution The founders included many of former Alliance Laurentienne members The Alliance Laurentienne was dissolved after the creation of the RIN The founding members included Andre D Allemagne Jacques Bellemare and Marcel Chaput Other prominent members included Andree Ferretti Hubert Aquin and Raymond Villeneuve D Allemagne having participated in the Alliance Laurentienne said that he had found the Alliance s right wing tendencies quite unpleasant This was a factor leading to the creation of an officially neutral organisation However as the RIN attracted many new young members it quickly became associated with more radical left wing ideas In October 1960 the first general assembly of the organization published its manifesto calling for the independence of Quebec Pierre Bourgault who had joined shortly after foundation became its president in 1964 Following the wish of the members as expressed in a resolution in 1963 the RIN was turned into a political party Bourgault and his impassioned fiery speeches contributed largely to the popularity of the RIN and is often wrongly believed to be the founder of the movement In 1963 Georges Schoeters Raymond Villeneuve and Gabriel Hudon ex members of the RIN youth wing left the party to form the underground revolutionary Front de Liberation du Quebec 1 In the 1966 Quebec general election the RIN along with the Ralliement National RN won about 8 8 of the popular vote and no seats Bourgault lost the northern Duplessis riding by a very small margin a great accomplishment for such a third party Although it never gathered a high number of votes Quebec wide it played an important role in the birth of the modern independantiste movement in Quebec and was very active in public demonstrations Famous protests of the RIN include a 1964 demonstration disapproving the visit of Queen Elizabeth II to Quebec and a 1968 protest about the presence of Pierre Trudeau on Saint Jean Baptiste Day that turned to riot Their members and supporters were also present in the Montreal crowd and their symbols visible when French President Charles de Gaulle shouted his famed Vive le Quebec Libre Long live free Quebec In October 1967 the charismatic Quebec Liberal Party Member of the National Assembly and former cabinet minister Rene Levesque left the Liberal Party when its members voted to not debate his idea of two independent but associated states Quebec and Canada Shortly after the Mouvement Souverainete Association was founded with Levesque as leader The RIN quickly engaged in talks over a possible merger with the MSA Bourgault and D Allemagne strongly believed that the forces for Quebec independence had to unite to challenge the old parties Liberals and Union Nationale Bourgault and Levesque started to clash as Levesque had come to distrust the RIN because of its perceived rowdy behaviour Additional opposition to the idea of a merger came from within the RIN itself some militants such as Andree Ferretti were heart broken at the prospect of the end of their party Ultimately however the desire for a strong independentist force carried the day By 1968 the MSA came to an agreement with the Ralliement National to form the Parti Quebecois deliberately excluding the RIN as an entity The RIN was divided on its position towards the PQ The party ended up being dissolved and some members joined Levesque s newly created party Leaders EditAndre D Allemagne 1960 1961 Marcel Chaput 1961 1962 Guy Pouliot 1962 1964 Pierre Bourgault 1964 1968 Publication EditThe party had its own periodical published monthly then biweekly L Independance Organe officiel du Rassemblement pour l independance nationale vol 1 issue 1 September 1962 vol 6 issue 20 September 1968 Election results EditGeneral election of candidates of seats won of popular vote1966 73 0 5 55 2 Notes Edit In Quebec sovereigntists haven t found an argument that will captivate the next generation of voters Cliche Mathieu Rassemblement pour l independance nationale in QuebecPolitique com update January 4 2007 retrieved June 6 2008See also EditPolitics of Quebec List of Quebec general elections List of Quebec premiers List of Quebec leaders of the Opposition National Assembly of Quebec Timeline of Quebec history Political parties in Quebec Quebec Sovereignism Secessionist movements of CanadaReferences EditIn English Edit Stein Michael B Separatism in The Canadian Encyclopedia Historica Foundation of Canada 2008 Pierre Bourgault in The Canadian Encyclopedia Historica Foundation of Canada 2008 Smart Patricia Aquin Hubert in The Canadian Encyclopedia Historica Foundation of Canada 2008In French Edit Labrecque Jean Claude 2002 Le RIN Montreal Productions Virage 78 min script Michel Martin Jean Claude Labrecque Bruno Deshaies Manifeste du Rassemblement pour l independance nationale in the site Le Rond Point des sciences humaines 2002 D Allemagne Andre 2000 Une idee qui somnolait ecrits sur la souverainete du Quebec depuis les origines du RIN 1958 2000 Montreal Comeau amp Nadeau 250 p ISBN 2 922494 33 0 RIN Programme politique du Rassemblement pour l independance nationale tel qu adopte a son congres de mai 1965 Montreal RIN 75 p Pelletier Rejean 1974 Les militants du R I N Ottawa Editions de l Universite d Ottawa 82 p ISBN 0 7766 3051 2 D Allemagne Andre 1974 Le R I N de 1960 a 1963 etude d un groupe de pression au Quebec Montreal Editions L Etincelle 160 p ISBN 0 88515 029 5 RIN Memoire du Rassemblement pour l independance nationale au Comite parlementaire de la constitution 1964 45 p Gauvin Jean Francois Rassemblement pour l independance nationale in the site L independance du Quebec updated June 2 2004 Frappier Bernard Histoire RIN dossier in Vigile net Cliche Mathieu Rassemblement pour l independance nationale im QuebecPolitique com updated January 4 2007 Crise interne au RIN in Les Archives de Radio Canada Societe Radio Canada updated January 5 2004 Dissensions au congres du RIN in Les Archives de Radio Canada Societe Radio Canada updated April 6 2005External links EditUnofficial English translation of the 1960 Manifesto of the RIN Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Rassemblement pour l 27Independance Nationale amp oldid 1175545602, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
