This article is about a dialect of Hakka Chinese. For the variety of Teochew spoken in Raoping, see Teochew dialect.
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In Raoping County, Hakka is spoken in the north, including the towns of Shangshan, Shangrao, Raoyang, Jiucun, Jianrao, and Xinfeng, as well as some villages in Hanjiang Forest Farm. As of 2005, there are 190,000 Hakka speakers in Raoping County (19% of the county's population).[1]
Raoping Hakka has some phonological and lexical features that appear to come from contact with Teochew. Some nasalized vowels come from Teochew, such as 鼻 'nose' /pʰĩ˧˥/ (Teochew /pʰĩ˩/), 好 'to like' /hãũ˥˧/ (Teochew /hãũ˨˩˧/).[4] Some characters that were pronounced with a 溪 initial (/kʰ/) in Middle Chinese but with /f/ or /h/ in the Meixian dialect are pronounced with /kʰ/, just like in Teochew, such as 苦 'bitter' /kʰu˥˧/ (Meixian /fu˧˩/, Teochew /kʰɔ˥˧/), 去 'to go' /kʰiəu˥˧/ (Meixian /hi˥˧/, Teochew /kʰɯ˨˩˧/).[5] There is also many shared lexical items with Teochew:[5]
English
Chinese characters
Teochew
Raoping Hakka (Raoping County)
cigarette
薰
/huŋ˧/
/fun˩/
peanut
地豆
/ti˩ tau˩/
/tʰi˧˥ tʰeu˧˥/
congee
糜
/mue˥/
/moi˥/
comfortable
心適
/sim˧ sek˨˩/
/sim˩ set˨˩/
just; exactly
堵堵
/tu˥˧ tu˥˧/
/tu˥˧ tu˥˧/
In Taiwan, Raoping Hakka is in contact with other varieties of Hakka, notably Sixian and Hailu dialects. There are some phonological and morphological features that appear to originate in these surrounding varieties. For example, in Taoyuan near Sixian-speaking areas, the diminutive suffix is pronounced /e˧˩/ as it is pronounced in Sixian, while in Hailu-dominant Hsinchu, the suffix is pronounced as the Hailu /ə˥/.[6]
Hakka Affairs Council, ed. (November 2013). 101-102年度台灣客家民眾客語使用狀況 (PDF) (in Chinese). New Taipei: Hakka Affairs Council. Retrieved 25 August 2017.
Hakka Affairs Council (16 July 2018). "Distribution and resurgence of the Hakka language". Hakka Affairs Council. New Taipei: Hakka Affairs Council. Retrieved 14 August 2019.
Hsu, Kuei-jung (2005). 台灣饒平客家話調查及其語言接觸現象. 臺灣語言與語文教育 (in Chinese) (6): 64–80. doi:10.6759/TYYYYWCU.200512.0064.
Local Gazetteer Editorial Committee of Raoping County, ed. (2011). 饶平县志（1979～2005） [Gazetteer of Raoping County (1979–2005)] (in Chinese). Guangzhou: Guangdong People's Publishing House. ISBN978-7-218-07074-2.
Zhan, Bohui (1992). 饒平上饒客家話語言特點說略 (PDF). Studies in Chinese Linguistics (in Chinese) (10): 153–158.
raoping, hakka, this, article, about, dialect, hakka, chinese, variety, teochew, spoken, raoping, teochew, dialect, help, expand, this, article, with, text, translated, from, corresponding, article, chinese, february, 2016, click, show, important, translation,. This article is about a dialect of Hakka Chinese For the variety of Teochew spoken in Raoping see Teochew dialect You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Chinese February 2016 Click show for important translation instructions View a machine translated version of the Chinese article Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Consider adding a topic to this template there are already 258 articles in the main category and specifying topic will aid in categorization Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Chinese Wikipedia article at zh 饒平客家語 see its history for attribution You should also add the template Translated zh 饒平客家語 to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation Raoping Hakka simplified Chinese 饶平客家话 traditional Chinese 饒平客家話 Taiwanese Hakka Romanization System ngiau pin kagˋ gaˇ faˋ also known as Shangrao Hakka simplified Chinese 上饶客家话 traditional Chinese 上饒客家話 1 is a dialect of Hakka Chinese spoken in Raoping Guangdong as well as Taiwan Raoping饒平客家話Native toSouthern China TaiwanRegionRaoping County Guangdong Taoyuan Hsinchu Miaoli Taichung Taiwan Language familySino Tibetan SiniticHakka unclassified RaopingLanguage codesISO 639 3 GlottologNone Contents 1 Distribution 2 Contact with surrounding varieties 3 See also 4 Notes 5 ReferencesDistribution EditIn Raoping County Hakka is spoken in the north including the towns of Shangshan Shangrao Raoyang Jiucun Jianrao and Xinfeng as well as some villages in Hanjiang Forest Farm As of 2005 there are 190 000 Hakka speakers in Raoping County 19 of the county s population 1 The distribution of Raoping Hakka in Taiwan is scattered It is mainly spoken in Taoyuan City Zhongli Pingzhen Xinwu Guanyin Bade Hsinchu County Zhubei Qionglin Miaoli County Zhuolan and Taichung City Dongshi 2 3 In 2013 only 1 6 of Hakka people in Taiwan were reported to be able to communicate in the Raoping dialect 3 Contact with surrounding varieties EditRaoping Hakka has some phonological and lexical features that appear to come from contact with Teochew Some nasalized vowels come from Teochew such as 鼻 nose pʰĩ Teochew pʰĩ 好 to like haũ Teochew haũ 4 Some characters that were pronounced with a 溪 initial kʰ in Middle Chinese but with f or h in the Meixian dialect are pronounced with kʰ just like in Teochew such as 苦 bitter kʰu Meixian fu Teochew kʰɔ 去 to go kʰieu Meixian hi Teochew kʰɯ 5 There is also many shared lexical items with Teochew 5 English Chinese characters Teochew Raoping Hakka Raoping County cigarette 薰 huŋ fun peanut 地豆 ti tau tʰi tʰeu congee 糜 mue moi comfortable 心適 sim sek sim set just exactly 堵堵 tu tu tu tu In Taiwan Raoping Hakka is in contact with other varieties of Hakka notably Sixian and Hailu dialects There are some phonological and morphological features that appear to originate in these surrounding varieties For example in Taoyuan near Sixian speaking areas the diminutive suffix is pronounced e as it is pronounced in Sixian while in Hailu dominant Hsinchu the suffix is pronounced as the Hailu e 6 See also EditTaiwanese HakkaNotes Edit a b Raoping County 2011 p 128 HAC 2018 a b HAC 2013 p 73 Zhan 1992 pp 157 158 a b Zhan 1992 p 158 Hsu 2005 p 77 References EditHakka Affairs Council ed November 2013 101 102年度台灣客家民眾客語使用狀況 PDF in Chinese New Taipei Hakka Affairs Council Retrieved 25 August 2017 Hakka Affairs Council 16 July 2018 Distribution and resurgence of the Hakka language Hakka Affairs Council New Taipei Hakka Affairs Council Retrieved 14 August 2019 Hsu Kuei jung 2005 台灣饒平客家話調查及其語言接觸現象 臺灣語言與語文教育 in Chinese 6 64 80 doi 10 6759 TYYYYWCU 200512 0064 Local Gazetteer Editorial Committee of Raoping County ed 2011 饶平县志 1979 2005 Gazetteer of Raoping County 1979 2005 in Chinese Guangzhou Guangdong People s Publishing House ISBN 978 7 218 07074 2 Zhan Bohui 1992 饒平上饒客家話語言特點說略 PDF Studies in Chinese Linguistics in Chinese 10 153 158 This Sino Tibetan languages related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Raoping Hakka amp oldid 1128348459, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
