Cremer was born to a working-class family in the southern English town of Fareham. His father was a coachman, who abandoned the family soon after Randal Cremer was born. His mother raised him along with his two sisters, ensuring he received an education at a local Methodist school. He augmented his knowledge by attending free lectures, was apprenticed as a builder and became a skilled carpenter.[2][3]
Moving to London 1852, Cremer became active as a union organiser, swiftly becoming a recognized labour leader. Cremer was elected as the Secretary of the International Workingmen's Association in 1865 but resigned two years later in 1867, when the organization decided to make women eligible for membership. Being strongly opposed to women's suffrage,[4] Cremer might have now felt that the organisation was becoming too radical. While heavily involved in campaigning for progressive causes and respected by Karl Marx, Cremer did not agree with a worker-led revolution.[5]
Role in the international arbitration movementedit
From as early as his first unsuccessful run for Parliament in 1868, Cremer had advocated the expansion of international arbitration as peaceful alternative to war for the resolution of disputes.[5]
Using his platform as an MP, Cremer cultivated allies on both continental Europe and across the Atlantic, including Frédéric Passy, William Jennings Bryan and Andrew Carnegie. Using his network of contacts and his talent for organisation, Cremer did much to create and expand institutions for international arbitration, which during his lifetime were successful in peacefully resolving numerous international disputes. This work includes co-founding the Inter-Parliamentary Union and the International Arbitration League; gaining acceptance for the 1897 Olney–Pauncefote Treaty between the United States and Britain that would have required arbitration of major disputes as the Essequibo territory (the treaty was rejected by the US Senate and never went into effect); and preparing the ground for the Hague peace conferences of 1899 and 1907.[5]
In recognition of his work in the arbitration movement, Cremer won the Nobel Peace Prize, the first to do so solo, in 1903.[6] Of the £8,000 award he donated £7,000 as an endowment for the International Arbitration League.[7]
Randal Cremer Primary School, in Haggerston,[9] is named in his honour.
Deathedit
Cremer died on 22 July 1908, leaving an estate of £2,241 (£1,803 net).[7] Cremer's Nobel Prize medal was sold at auction at Sotheby's in London in November 1985 for $16,750 (equivalent to $47,451 in 2023)[10]
randal, cremer, william, march, 1828, july, 1908, usually, known, middle, name, randal, british, liberal, member, parliament, pacifist, leading, advocate, international, arbitration, awarded, nobel, peace, prize, 1903, work, with, international, arbitration, m. Sir William Randal Cremer 18 March 1828 22 July 1908 usually known by his middle name Randal was a British Liberal Member of Parliament a pacifist and a leading advocate for international arbitration He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1903 for his work with the international arbitration movement 1 SirRandal CremerMember of Parliament for HaggerstonIn office 24 October 1900 22 July 1908Preceded byJohn LowlesSucceeded byRupert GuinnessIn office 18 December 1885 13 July 1895Succeeded byJohn LowlesPersonal detailsBorn18 March 1828Fareham Hampshire EnglandDied22 July 1908 aged 80 Haggerston London EnglandPolitical partyLiberalAwardsNobel Peace PrizeKnight of the Order of St OlavChevalier of the Legion of HonourKnight Bachelor Contents 1 Early life 2 Role in the international arbitration movement 3 Death 4 See also 5 Notes 6 References 7 External linksEarly life editCremer was born to a working class family in the southern English town of Fareham His father was a coachman who abandoned the family soon after Randal Cremer was born His mother raised him along with his two sisters ensuring he received an education at a local Methodist school He augmented his knowledge by attending free lectures was apprenticed as a builder and became a skilled carpenter 2 3 Moving to London 1852 Cremer became active as a union organiser swiftly becoming a recognized labour leader Cremer was elected as the Secretary of the International Workingmen s Association in 1865 but resigned two years later in 1867 when the organization decided to make women eligible for membership Being strongly opposed to women s suffrage 4 Cremer might have now felt that the organisation was becoming too radical While heavily involved in campaigning for progressive causes and respected by Karl Marx Cremer did not agree with a worker led revolution 5 Role in the international arbitration movement editFrom as early as his first unsuccessful run for Parliament in 1868 Cremer had advocated the expansion of international arbitration as peaceful alternative to war for the resolution of disputes 5 He was elected as Liberal Member of Parliament MP for Haggerston in the Metropolitan Borough of Shoreditch from 1885 to 1895 and then from 1900 until his death from pneumonia in 1908 Using his platform as an MP Cremer cultivated allies on both continental Europe and across the Atlantic including Frederic Passy William Jennings Bryan and Andrew Carnegie Using his network of contacts and his talent for organisation Cremer did much to create and expand institutions for international arbitration which during his lifetime were successful in peacefully resolving numerous international disputes This work includes co founding the Inter Parliamentary Union and the International Arbitration League gaining acceptance for the 1897 Olney Pauncefote Treaty between the United States and Britain that would have required arbitration of major disputes as the Essequibo territory the treaty was rejected by the US Senate and never went into effect and preparing the ground for the Hague peace conferences of 1899 and 1907 5 In recognition of his work in the arbitration movement Cremer won the Nobel Peace Prize the first to do so solo in 1903 6 Of the 8 000 award he donated 7 000 as an endowment for the International Arbitration League 7 He also was named a Chevalier of the French Legion d honneur 8 won the Norwegian Knighthood of Saint Olaf and was knighted in 1907 Randal Cremer Primary School in Haggerston 9 is named in his honour Death editCremer died on 22 July 1908 leaving an estate of 2 241 1 803 net 7 Cremer s Nobel Prize medal was sold at auction at Sotheby s in London in November 1985 for 16 750 equivalent to 47 451 in 2023 10 See also editList of peace activistsNotes edit The Nobel Peace Prize 1903 Randal Cremer nobelprize org Lee Sidney ed 1912 Cremer William Randal Dictionary of National Biography 2nd supplement Vol 1 London Smith Elder amp Co William Randal Cremer American Journal of International Law 2 4 858 862 1908 doi 10 2307 2186656 ISSN 0002 9300 Views of Anti Suffrage MP William Cremer The Times April 1906 a b c Mark Mazower 2012 Chpt 3 The empire of Law Governing the world Allen Lane ISBN 9780 7 1399683 8 Winners The Nobel Peace Prize Retrieved 11 February 2021 a b Sir W Cremer s Will The Cardiff Times David Duncan and William Ward 24 October 1908 hdl 10107 3434413 dead link Among the world s peacemakers an epitome of the Interparliamentary Union edited by Hayne Davis 1908 Randal Cremer Primary School Hackney Borough Council Retrieved 24 August 2009 1936 Nobel Peace Prize Award Medal Gold 65 mm 222 4 grams 23 karat Awarded to Argentinian Carlos Saavedra Lamas About Uncirculated Stacks Bowers Archived from the original on 13 March 2023 Retrieved 16 March 2023 References editRandal Cremer on Nobelprize org nbsp including the Nobel Lecture January 15 1905 The Progress and Advantages of International Arbitration About Sir Randal Cremer on www nobel winners com The Hugh amp Helene Schonfield World Service Trust Archived 6 November 2017 at the Wayback Machine Link to article about Cremer by Simon Hall Raleigh in Journal of Liberal History Issue 9 December 1995 Evans H Sir Randal Cremer his life and work T Fisher Unwin 1909 External links editHansard 1803 2005 contributions in Parliament by Randal Cremer Political offices Preceded byNew position General Secretary of the International Workingmen s Association1864 1866 Succeeded byPeter Fox Preceded byPeter Fox General Secretary of the International Workingmen s Association1866 1867 Succeeded byJohann Eccarius Parliament of the United Kingdom New constituency Member of Parliament for Haggerston1885 1895 Succeeded byJohn Lowles Preceded byJohn Lowles Member of Parliament for Haggerston1900 1908 Succeeded byRupert Guinness Viscount Elveden Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Randal Cremer amp oldid 1220616657, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
