The 1914 Atlantic hurricane season was the least active Atlantic hurricane season on record, with only one known tropical storm. Although hurricane season typically encompasses a much larger time-span, actual activity was confined to the middle of September. The only tropical cyclone of the year developed in the region of The Bahamas on September 15 and drifted northwestward, moving inland over Florida and Georgia. Thorough warnings before the storm prevented any major damage. The 1914 season is one of only two that did not produce any hurricanes (the other being the 1907 season). Due to the lack of modern technology such as satellite imagery, information is often sparse, and an additional tropical depression may have existed in late October.
With only one official tropical cyclone, the 1914 season was the least active tropical cyclone season on record. It is one of only two Atlantic seasons without a storm of hurricane intensity (winds of 75 mph (121 km/h) or stronger),[1] the other being the 1907 season.[2] The sole tropical storm's formation on September 14 represents the latest start to a hurricane season since officials records began in 1851.[3]
Information on the 1914 season is chiefly based on data from the Atlantic hurricane database (HURDAT), which undertook a thorough reanalysis of hurricanes from 1911 through 1914 in 2005. Several changes, mostly of a minor nature, were made to the September tropical storm. Additionally, two other systems during the year were formally considered for inclusion into the hurricane database; one of them was deemed a potential tropical depression, but considered too weak to be classified a tropical storm. The other was assessed as a non-tropical system. The 2005 HURDAT reanalysis relied largely on historical weather maps and ship reports in place of modern technology, including satellite imagery.[1]
The season's activity was reflected with an accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) rating of 3, the lowest since official records began in 1851 and far below the 1911–1920 average of 58.7.[4][5] ACE is a metric used to express the energy used by a tropical cyclone during its lifetime. Therefore, a storm with a longer duration will have high values of ACE. It is only calculated at six-hour increments in which specific tropical and subtropical systems are either at or above sustained wind speeds of 39 mph (63 km/h), which is the threshold for tropical storm intensity. Thus, tropical depressions are not included here.[4]
The first and only tropical storm of the season originated in a westward-moving tropical wave denoted on weather maps from September 13. Decreases in air pressure occurred throughout the Bahamas, providing "strong indications of a disturbance".[6] The system became a tropical depression at 00:00 UTC on September 15, approximately 200 mi (320 km) east of Miami, Florida. It strengthened into a tropical storm about 12 hours later,[2] leading to the issuance of storm warnings from the east coast of Florida to as far north as Hatteras, North Carolina.[6]
The system drifted northwest while gradually intensifying, and was situated south of the Georgia coast late on September 16. While most tropical systems in the vicinity tend to continue northward along the Eastern Seaboard, the cyclone curved westward and moved ashore near the Florida–Georgia state border after achieving a peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 70 mph (110 km/h).[2][6] It progressed inland over southern Georgia as it quickly weakened, but its intensity leveled off after around 18:00 UTC on September 17. The storm skirted the northern Gulf of Mexico as it swerved slightly south of due west, weakening to a tropical depression over southeastern Louisiana.[2] By early September 19, the depression had further deteriorated into an open trough—a poorly defined, elongated area of low pressure.[1]
The storm produced widespread rainfall in the Southeastern United States, accompanied by gale-force winds along the coast, and ships reported severe conditions at sea. High tides occurred around St. Augustine, Florida, washing over the South Street Causeway. Winds from the storm dispersed large amounts of dead grass from marshes in the area. No significant damage was reported due to thorough warnings before the cyclone. A 2005 reanalysis of the storm made some minor changes to its listing in the official hurricane database, setting back the time of formation and raising the peak intensity.[1]
Other system
In addition to the September tropical storm, a possible depression that remained below tropical storm intensity developed in late October. On October 24, a broad area of low pressure was present over the western Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. A possible center of low pressure, attached to a cold front extending southward, had formed within the larger system and moved toward the east. Another center of low pressure formed in the northwestern Caribbean on October 25 and is considered a tropical depression in contemporary research. The depression had weak winds due to the light pressure gradient in the region and, at its peak, it had a minimum central pressure of 1,004 mbar (29.6 inHg). On October 26, the cold front associated with the extratropical cyclone to the north absorbed the tropical system. The next day, the extratropical system deteriorated into an open trough. Although the tropical low was reviewed for inclusion into the hurricane database as a tropical storm in 2005, it was deemed too weak.[1]
^ abcdeLandsea, Chris; et al. (2005). "Documentation of Atlantic Tropical Cyclones Changes in HURDAT - 2005 Changes/Additions for 1911 to 1914". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Hurricane Research Division. Retrieved March 15, 2011.
^ abcdHurricane Specialists Unit (2010). "Easy to Read HURDAT 1851–2009". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved March 15, 2011.
^Bob Fogarty (Fall 2009). "2009 Hurricane Season - Is it Over Before it Began?" (PDF). National Weather Service. Retrieved March 19, 2011.
^Landsea, Christopher W.; et al. (May 15, 2008). "A Reanalysis of the 1911–20 Atlantic Hurricane Database" (PDF). Journal of Climate. Miami, Florida: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 21 (10): 2146. Bibcode:2008JCli...21.2138L. doi:10.1175/2007JCLI1119.1. Retrieved September 6, 2021.
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Monthly Weather Review
January 06, 2023
1914, atlantic, hurricane, season, least, active, atlantic, hurricane, season, record, with, only, known, tropical, storm, although, hurricane, season, typically, encompasses, much, larger, time, span, actual, activity, confined, middle, september, only, tropi. The 1914 Atlantic hurricane season was the least active Atlantic hurricane season on record with only one known tropical storm Although hurricane season typically encompasses a much larger time span actual activity was confined to the middle of September The only tropical cyclone of the year developed in the region of The Bahamas on September 15 and drifted northwestward moving inland over Florida and Georgia Thorough warnings before the storm prevented any major damage The 1914 season is one of only two that did not produce any hurricanes the other being the 1907 season Due to the lack of modern technology such as satellite imagery information is often sparse and an additional tropical depression may have existed in late October 1914 Atlantic hurricane seasonSeason summary mapSeasonal boundariesFirst system formedSeptember 15 1914 record latest Last system dissipatedOctober 26 1914 possibly Strongest stormNameOne Maximum winds70 mph 110 km h 1 minute sustained Lowest pressure995 mbar hPa 29 38 inHg Seasonal statisticsTotal depressions2 1 unofficial record low Total storms1 record low Hurricanes0 record low tied with 1907 Major hurricanes Cat 3 0Total fatalitiesNoneTotal damageUnknownRelated article1910 19 Pacific hurricane seasonsAtlantic hurricane seasons1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 Contents 1 Season summary 2 Systems 2 1 Tropical Storm One 2 2 Other system 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksSeason summary EditWith only one official tropical cyclone the 1914 season was the least active tropical cyclone season on record It is one of only two Atlantic seasons without a storm of hurricane intensity winds of 75 mph 121 km h or stronger 1 the other being the 1907 season 2 The sole tropical storm s formation on September 14 represents the latest start to a hurricane season since officials records began in 1851 3 Information on the 1914 season is chiefly based on data from the Atlantic hurricane database HURDAT which undertook a thorough reanalysis of hurricanes from 1911 through 1914 in 2005 Several changes mostly of a minor nature were made to the September tropical storm Additionally two other systems during the year were formally considered for inclusion into the hurricane database one of them was deemed a potential tropical depression but considered too weak to be classified a tropical storm The other was assessed as a non tropical system The 2005 HURDAT reanalysis relied largely on historical weather maps and ship reports in place of modern technology including satellite imagery 1 The season s activity was reflected with an accumulated cyclone energy ACE rating of 3 the lowest since official records began in 1851 and far below the 1911 1920 average of 58 7 4 5 ACE is a metric used to express the energy used by a tropical cyclone during its lifetime Therefore a storm with a longer duration will have high values of ACE It is only calculated at six hour increments in which specific tropical and subtropical systems are either at or above sustained wind speeds of 39 mph 63 km h which is the threshold for tropical storm intensity Thus tropical depressions are not included here 4 Systems EditTropical Storm One Edit Tropical storm SSHWS DurationSeptember 15 September 19Peak intensity70 mph 110 km h 1 min lt 995 mbar hPa The first and only tropical storm of the season originated in a westward moving tropical wave denoted on weather maps from September 13 Decreases in air pressure occurred throughout the Bahamas providing strong indications of a disturbance 6 The system became a tropical depression at 00 00 UTC on September 15 approximately 200 mi 320 km east of Miami Florida It strengthened into a tropical storm about 12 hours later 2 leading to the issuance of storm warnings from the east coast of Florida to as far north as Hatteras North Carolina 6 The system drifted northwest while gradually intensifying and was situated south of the Georgia coast late on September 16 While most tropical systems in the vicinity tend to continue northward along the Eastern Seaboard the cyclone curved westward and moved ashore near the Florida Georgia state border after achieving a peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 70 mph 110 km h 2 6 It progressed inland over southern Georgia as it quickly weakened but its intensity leveled off after around 18 00 UTC on September 17 The storm skirted the northern Gulf of Mexico as it swerved slightly south of due west weakening to a tropical depression over southeastern Louisiana 2 By early September 19 the depression had further deteriorated into an open trough a poorly defined elongated area of low pressure 1 The storm produced widespread rainfall in the Southeastern United States accompanied by gale force winds along the coast and ships reported severe conditions at sea High tides occurred around St Augustine Florida washing over the South Street Causeway Winds from the storm dispersed large amounts of dead grass from marshes in the area No significant damage was reported due to thorough warnings before the cyclone A 2005 reanalysis of the storm made some minor changes to its listing in the official hurricane database setting back the time of formation and raising the peak intensity 1 Other system Edit In addition to the September tropical storm a possible depression that remained below tropical storm intensity developed in late October On October 24 a broad area of low pressure was present over the western Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea A possible center of low pressure attached to a cold front extending southward had formed within the larger system and moved toward the east Another center of low pressure formed in the northwestern Caribbean on October 25 and is considered a tropical depression in contemporary research The depression had weak winds due to the light pressure gradient in the region and at its peak it had a minimum central pressure of 1 004 mbar 29 6 inHg On October 26 the cold front associated with the extratropical cyclone to the north absorbed the tropical system The next day the extratropical system deteriorated into an open trough Although the tropical low was reviewed for inclusion into the hurricane database as a tropical storm in 2005 it was deemed too weak 1 See also Edit Tropical cyclones portalList of Florida hurricanes Atlantic hurricane seasonReferences Edit a b c d e Landsea Chris et al 2005 Documentation of Atlantic Tropical Cyclones Changes in HURDAT 2005 Changes Additions for 1911 to 1914 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Hurricane Research Division Retrieved March 15 2011 a b c d Hurricane Specialists Unit 2010 Easy to Read HURDAT 1851 2009 National Hurricane Center Retrieved March 15 2011 Bob Fogarty Fall 2009 2009 Hurricane Season Is it Over Before it Began PDF National Weather Service Retrieved March 19 2011 a b Atlantic basin Comparison of Original and Revised HURDAT Hurricane Research Division Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory Report Miami Florida National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration June 2019 Retrieved August 23 2021 Landsea Christopher W et al May 15 2008 A Reanalysis of the 1911 20 Atlantic Hurricane Database PDF Journal of Climate Miami Florida National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 21 10 2146 Bibcode 2008JCli 21 2138L doi 10 1175 2007JCLI1119 1 Retrieved September 6 2021 a b c Bowie Edward H September 1914 Storms And Warnings For September PDF Monthly Weather Review American Meteorological Society 42 9 540 541 Bibcode 1914MWRv 42 540B doi 10 1175 1520 0493 1914 42 lt 540 SAWFS gt 2 0 CO 2 Retrieved March 15 2011 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to 1914 Atlantic hurricane season Monthly Weather Review Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 1914 Atlantic hurricane season amp oldid 1125817017, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
