Rambouillet

For the French literary hostess, see Catherine de Vivonne, marquise de Rambouillet. For the sheep breed, see Rambouillet sheep. For the talks leading up to the 1999 NATO bombing of Yugoslavia, see Rambouillet Agreement.

Rambouillet (UK: /rɒ̃ˈbuːjeɪ/, US: /ˌrɒmbuːˈjeɪ/,^[3][4] French: [ʁɑ̃bujɛ] ^ⓘ) is a subprefecture of the Yvelines department in the Île-de-France region of France. It is located beyond the outskirts of Paris, 44.3 km (27.5 mi) southwest of its centre. In 2018, the commune had a population of 26,933.

Rambouillet
Subprefecture and commune
Château de Rambouillet
Coat of arms
Location of Rambouillet
Rambouillet Show map of France Rambouillet Show map of Île-de-France (region)
Coordinates: 48°38′40″N 1°49′51″E / 48.6444°N 01.8308°E / 48.6444; 01.8308
Country	France
Region	Île-de-France
Department	Yvelines
Arrondissement	Rambouillet
Canton	Rambouillet
Intercommunality	CA Rambouillet Territoires
Government
• Mayor (2020–2026)	Véronique Matillon^[1]
Area ^1	35.19 km^2 (13.59 sq mi)
Population  (2021)^[2]	26,816
• Density	760/km^2 (2,000/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+01:00 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code	78517 /78120
Elevation	142–177 m (466–581 ft) (avg. 142 m or 466 ft)
^1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km^2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Rambouillet lies on the edge of the vast Forest of Rambouillet (Forêt de Rambouillet or Forêt de l'Yveline); it is famous for its historical castle, the Château de Rambouillet, which hosted several international summits. Due to its proximity to Paris and Versailles, Rambouillet has long been an occasional seat of government.

Population

Historical population

Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1793 3,105 —     1800 2,657 −2.20% 1806 2,597 −0.38% 1821 2,949 +0.85% 1831 3,147 +0.65% 1836 3,006 −0.91% 1841 3,835 +4.99% 1846 4,089 +1.29% 1851 4,130 +0.20% 1856 4,363 +1.10% 1861 4,258 −0.49% 1866 3,971 −1.39% 1872 4,725 +2.94% 1876 4,750 +0.13% 1881 5,186 +1.77% 1886 5,633 +1.67% 1891 5,897 +0.92% 1896 6,090 +0.65%	Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1901 6,176 +0.28% 1906 6,165 −0.04% 1911 6,484 +1.01% 1921 6,223 −0.41% 1926 6,720 +1.55% 1931 7,001 +0.82% 1936 7,267 +0.75% 1946 7,446 +0.24% 1954 8,923 +2.29% 1962 11,387 +3.09% 1968 14,505 +4.12% 1975 18,941 +3.89% 1982 21,438 +1.78% 1990 24,343 +1.60% 1999 24,758 +0.19% 2007 26,157 +0.69% 2012 25,833 −0.25% 2017 26,736 +0.69%
Source: EHESS^[5] and INSEE (1968-2017)^[6]

Transport

Rambouillet is served by the SNCF Rambouillet railway station on the Transilien Line N suburban rail line, and on the regional line to Chartres and Le Mans.

Features

• The Château de Rambouillet, a former medieval fortress, was acquired by Louis XVI of France in 1783 as a private residence because of its ideal situation in the game-rich forest of Rambouillet. It became a bien national during the French Revolution of 1789, and one of the imperial residences of Napoléon I during the First French Empire. At the time of the Bourbon Restoration, the castle became a royal residence, and it is there that Charles X signed his abdication on 2 August 1830. Sometimes neglected at times of political unrest, the château de Rambouillet became the official summer residence of the French President of the Republic after President Félix Faure chose it as summer residence for himself and his family in 1896; Rambouillet thus became the official summer residence of the Presidents of the Third Republic and has retained its position ever since.^[7]
• The Palace of the King of Rome. In 1784, on a parcel adjacent to the gardens of the castle, Louis XVI had ordered the construction of the Hôtel du Gouvernement, which was restored during the reign of Napoléon I, and renamed Palais du Roi de Rome as the official Rambouillet residence of Napoleon's infant son Napoleon II. Its entrance is situated in the rue Charles de Gaulle, Rambouillet's main street.
• The Hôtel de Ville, the former Bailliage (Bailiwicks building) was built in 1786 at the request of Louis XVI by the architect Jacques-Jean Thévenin. It was given by Napoléon I to the inhabitants of Rambouillet to serve as their City Hall. The inscription over the doors of the City Hall reads "Donated to the inhabitants of Rambouillet by Napoleon the Great, [in the] Year 1809".
• The new Saint-Lubin church was built between 1868 and 1871. Its architect was Anatole de Baudot, a student of Eugène Viollet-le-Duc.
• The Bergerie nationale was built on the grounds of the Domain of Rambouillet at the request of Louis XVI, and is the home of the Rambouillet Merino sheep since 1786.^[8]
• The Laiterie de la Reine, the Queen's Dairy also built on the grounds of the Domain of Rambouillet, is adjacent to the Bergerie. It was built in 1787 at the request of Louis XVI for his wife Marie Antoinette and designed by the architect Jean-Jacques Thévenin.^[9]
• The Chaumière des coquillages, a thatched-roof cottage with its marble interior decorated with shells and mother of pearl, was built in 1779–1780 in the English garden of the Domain of Rambouillet by Claude-Martin Goupy, the architect of the duc de Penthièvre, for the princesse de Lamballe, Penthièvre's widowed daughter-in-law.
• The Musée Rambolitrain, situated across from the Saint-Lubin church, is a museum featuring miniature trains.^[10] We find a faithful reconstruction of a Parisian toy store of the 1930s.^[11]
• The Médiathèque La Lanterne, situated across from the Saint-Lubin church and the Musée Rambolitrain, is a media library and a concert hall. Link
• The Monument Américain (The American Eagle Monument), is situated at the south entrance of the town on the D 906 road to Chartres, at the site of two ambushes in which seven American soldiers were killed, on 16 August 1944. The monument was erected in 1947. It bears the inscription: "À la mémoire des soldats américains tombés pour la libération de notre région en août 1944", "In memory of the American soldiers fallen for the liberation of our region in August 1944". The names of nine American soldiers are inscribed on a plaque on the monument. Commemorative ceremonies are held at the monument every 19 August.^[12][13]

 

The church in Rambouillet

Notable people

who were born in Rambouillet

• Louis Jean Marie de Bourbon, duc de Penthièvre, grandson of Louis XIV
• Ulysse Chevalier (1841–1923), bibliographer and historian
• Robert Benoist (1895–1944), Grand Prix motor racing driver and war hero
• Jérémie Aliadière, former Arsenal football player, now with FC Lorient

who lived in Rambouillet

• François Ier, king of France, died at the castle, supposedly in the tower
• Charles de Sainte-Maure, duc de Montausier and his wife Julie d'Angennes, the daughter of Charles d'Angennes and Catherine de Vivonne
• Louis-Alexandre de Bourbon, comte de Toulouse, legitimated son of Louis XIV and the Marquise de Montespan, and father of the duc de Penthièvre
• Louis Jean Marie de Bourbon, duc de Penthièvre, grandson of Louis XIV, and son of the comte de Toulouse
• Maria Teresa d'Este, wife of the duc de Penthièvre, died in childbirth
• Princesse de Lamballe, duc de Penthièvre's daughter-in-law, killed in the September massacres of 1792 during the French Revolution
• Napoleon, Emperor of the French
• Charles X, king of France, who signed his 1830 abdication in the castle
• G. Lenotre, French author and historian
• Ernest Hemingway, American writer and journalist, lived a few days in Rambouillet in August 1944
• Charles de Gaulle
• Sébastien Faure, Anarchist activist and pedagogue, who set up La Ruche ("The Beehive") free school near Rambouillet in 1904
• Didier Pironi, Professional racing driver
• Gérard Larcher, former Mayor of Rambouillet, Senator of the Yvelines, President of the Senate (reelected in October 2017), and several times minister
• Jacqueline Thome-Patenôtre, Politician, member of the National Assembly for Seine-et-Oise and later Yvelines from 1958 to 1973. She was also Mayor of Rambouillet from 1947 to 1983.

• Vincent Maes actual student in bascan

who died in Rambouillet

• François Ier, king of France, died in castle in 1547
• Louis-Alexandre de Bourbon, comte de Toulouse, son of Louis XIV and father of the duc de Penthièvre, died in castle in 1737
• Maria Teresa d'Este, wife of the duc de Penthièvre, died in childbirth in castle in 1754
• Germaine Coty, née Corblet, wife of French president René Coty, died at the château de Rambouillet on 12 November 1955
• Georges Wilson, French film and television actor and director, died at the Rambouillet hospital on 3 February 2010.

Education

Schools in the commune include:

• Eight pre-schools (écoles maternelles): Arbouville, Bel-Air, Clairbois, du Centre, Les Jardins, la Gommerie, de La Louvière, and La Ruche^[14]
• Seven elementary schools: Arbouville, Clairbois, Gambetta, La Louvière, La Prairie, Saint Hubert, and Vieil Orme^[15]
• Three junior high schools: Collège Catherine de Vivonne, Collège Le Racinay, and Collège Le Rondeau^[16]
• Lycée Louis Bascan, a public senior high school/sixth-form college^[17]

Private schools include:

• Institution Sainte Thérèse, which includes pre-school, elementary,^[18] junior high,^[16] and high school^[17]
• École Jacinthe et François (private elementary school)^[18]
• Collège Saint Jean Bosco (private junior high school)^[16]

Universities:

• University Institute of Technology of Vélizy
• Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines University

International relations

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in France

Rambouillet is twinned with:^[19]

•   Great Yarmouth, England, United Kingdom (1956) ^[20]
•   Kirchheim unter Teck, Germany
•   Torres Novas, Portugal
•   Waterloo, Belgium
•   Zafra, Spain

See also

• Duchy of Rambouillet
• Antoine Sartorio
• Communes of the Yvelines department

References

1. "Répertoire national des élus: les maires". data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises (in French). 2 December 2020.
2. "Populations légales 2021". The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 28 December 2023.
3. Wells, John C. (2008). Longman Pronunciation Dictionary (3rd ed.). Longman. ISBN 978-1-4058-8118-0.
4. Jones, Daniel (2011). Roach, Peter; Setter, Jane; Esling, John (eds.). Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary (18th ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-15255-6.
5. Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui: Commune data sheet Rambouillet, EHESS (in French).
6. Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
7. G. Lenotre, Le château de Rambouillet : six siècles d'histoire, Éditions Calmann-Lévy, collection « Châteaux : décors de l'histoire », Paris, 1930.
8. (in French). Archived from the original on 2002-12-09.
9. "Centre des monuments nationaux". Chaumiere-laiterie-rambouillet.monuments-nationaux.fr. Retrieved 2015-07-17.
10. "Le musée Rambolitrain" (in French). Ramboliweb.com. Retrieved 2015-07-17.
11. "Mairie de Rambouillet - Musée Rambolitrain : informations générales" (in French). Rambouillet.fr. Retrieved 2015-07-17.
12. [1] July 27, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
13. Françoise Winieska, Août 1944, la Libération de Rambouillet, France, Société Historique et Archéologique de Rambouillet et de l'Yveline (SHARY), Rambouillet, 1999, ISBN 2-9514047-0-0, English version by author under the title August 1944, the Liberation of Rambouillet, France, published by SHARY under same cover, ISBN 2-9514047-0-0.
14. "Les écoles maternelles." Rambouillet. Retrieved on September 4, 2016.
15. "Les écoles élémentaires." Rambouillet. Retrieved on September 4, 2016.
16. "Les Collèges à Rambouillet." Rambouillet. Retrieved on September 4, 2016.
17. "Les Lycées à Rambouillet." Rambouillet. Retrieved on September 4, 2016.
18. "Les écoles privées." Rambouillet. Retrieved on September 4, 2016.
19. "Jumelages". rambouillet.fr (in French). Rambouillet. Retrieved 2019-11-20.
20. Hickey, Daniel (December 17, 2019). "French town and tourism stalwart receive freedom on Great Yarmouth borough". Great Yarmouth Mercury.

External links

 

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Rambouillet.

• Official website (in French)