Nyctereutes (Greek: nyx, nykt- "night" + ereutēs "wanderer") is a genus of canid which includes only two extant species, both known as raccoon dogs: the common raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides) and the Japanese raccoon dog (Nyctereutes viverrinus).[1]Nyctereutes first entered the fossil record 5.5 million years ago (Mya) in northern China. It was one of the earliest canines to arrive in the Old World. All but two species became extinct before the end of the Pleistocene. A study suggests that the evolution of Nyctereutes was influenced by environmental and climatic changes, such as the expansion and contraction of forests and the fluctuations of temperature and precipitation.[3]
They are typically recognized by their short snouts, round crania and the shaping of their molars, specifically the ratio between M1 and M2. Nyctereutes is considered mainly an opportunistic carnivore, feeding on small mammals, fish, birds, and insects, alongside occasional plants, specifically roots. Their diet is mostly influenced by environmental factors.[3] Japanese raccoon dogs are considered distinct from the mainland species because of the larger skull size found in Russian and Hokkaido raccoon dogs.[4]
^ abcWozencraft, W. C. (2005). "Genus Nyctereutes". In Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 532–628. ISBN978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
^Temminck, C.J. (1838). "Over de Kennis en de Verbreiding der Zoogdieren van Japan" [On the Knowledge and Dissemination of the Mammals of Japan]. Tijdschrift voor Natuurlijke Geschiedenis en Physiologie (in Dutch). 5: 273–293.
^ abcdFarjand, Arya; Zhang, Zhao-Qun; Liu, Wen-Hui; Jiao, Chen-Hui; Wang, Li-Hua (June 2021). "The evolution of Nyctereutes (Carnivora: Canidae) in the Nihewan Basin, Hebei, northern China". Palaeoworld. 30 (2): 373–381. doi:10.1016/j.palwor.2020.07.002. S2CID 225565692.
^Kim, Sang-In; Oshida, Tatsuo; Lee, Hang; Min, Mi-Sook; Kimura, Junpei (2015). "Evolutionary and Biogeographical implications of variation in skull morphology of raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides, Mammalia: Carnivora)". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 116 (1): 856–872. doi:10.1111/bij.12629.
^Geraads, D.; Alemseged, Z.; et al. (2010). "Nyctereutes lockwoodi, n. sp., a new canid (Carnivora: Mammalia) from the middle Pliocene of Dikika, Lower Awash, Ethiopia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 30 (2): 981–987. doi:10.1080/02724631003758326. S2CID 83954055.
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Wayne, Robert K. (June 1993). "Molecular evolution of the dog family". Trends in Genetics. 9 (6): 218–224. doi:10.1016/0168-9525(93)90122-x. PMID 8337763.
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nyctereutes, greek, nykt, night, ereutēs, wanderer, genus, canid, which, includes, only, extant, species, both, known, raccoon, dogs, common, raccoon, procyonoides, japanese, raccoon, viverrinus, first, entered, fossil, record, million, years, northern, china,. Nyctereutes Greek nyx nykt night ereutes wanderer is a genus of canid which includes only two extant species both known as raccoon dogs the common raccoon dog Nyctereutes procyonoides and the Japanese raccoon dog Nyctereutes viverrinus 1 Nyctereutes first entered the fossil record 5 5 million years ago Mya in northern China It was one of the earliest canines to arrive in the Old World All but two species became extinct before the end of the Pleistocene A study suggests that the evolution of Nyctereutes was influenced by environmental and climatic changes such as the expansion and contraction of forests and the fluctuations of temperature and precipitation 3 Nyctereutes 1 Temporal range 5 332 0 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Late Miocene recentCommon and Japanese raccoon dogScientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass MammaliaOrder CarnivoraFamily CanidaeSubfamily CaninaeGenus NyctereutesTemminck 1838 2 Type speciesCanis viverrinusTemminck 1838 1 SpeciesN procyonoidesN viverrinus Nyctereutes megamastoides fossil skullContents 1 Characteristics 2 Species 2 1 Extant species 2 2 Fossil species 3 References 4 Further readingCharacteristics editThey are typically recognized by their short snouts round crania and the shaping of their molars specifically the ratio between M1 and M2 Nyctereutes is considered mainly an opportunistic carnivore feeding on small mammals fish birds and insects alongside occasional plants specifically roots Their diet is mostly influenced by environmental factors 3 Japanese raccoon dogs are considered distinct from the mainland species because of the larger skull size found in Russian and Hokkaido raccoon dogs 4 Species editExtant species edit Genus Nyctereutes Temminck 1838 two species Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated populationCommon raccoon dog nbsp Nyctereutes procyonoides Gray 1834 Four subspecies N p procyonoidesN p koreensisN p orestesN p ussuriensis Mongolia Russian Far East China Korea Vietnam introduced to Europe nbsp Size Habitat Diet LC Japanese raccoon dog nbsp Nyctereutes viverrinus Temminck 1838 Japan Size Habitat Diet LC Fossil species edit Nyctereutes abdeslami 3 6 1 8 Mya Morocco 5 Nyctereutes donnezani 9 0 3 4 Mya Eastern Europe Spain Nyctereutes lockwoodi 3 42 3 2 Mya Ethiopia 6 Nyctereutes megamastoides Europe 3 Nyctereutes sinensis 3 6 Mya 781 000 years ago Eastern Asia 7 Nyctereutes tingi 3 Nyctereutes vinetorum citation needed References edit a b c Wozencraft W C 2005 Genus Nyctereutes In Wilson D E Reeder D M eds Mammal Species of the World A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference 3rd ed Johns Hopkins University Press pp 532 628 ISBN 978 0 8018 8221 0 OCLC 62265494 Temminck C J 1838 Over de Kennis en de Verbreiding der Zoogdieren van Japan On the Knowledge and Dissemination of the Mammals of Japan Tijdschrift voor Natuurlijke Geschiedenis en Physiologie in Dutch 5 273 293 a b c d Farjand Arya Zhang Zhao Qun Liu Wen Hui Jiao Chen Hui Wang Li Hua June 2021 The evolution of Nyctereutes Carnivora Canidae in the Nihewan Basin Hebei northern China Palaeoworld 30 2 373 381 doi 10 1016 j palwor 2020 07 002 S2CID 225565692 Kim Sang In Oshida Tatsuo Lee Hang Min Mi Sook Kimura Junpei 2015 Evolutionary and Biogeographical implications of variation in skull morphology of raccoon dogs Nyctereutes procyonoides Mammalia Carnivora Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 116 1 856 872 doi 10 1111 bij 12629 Paleobiology Database Nyctereutes abdeslami basic info Geraads D Alemseged Z et al 2010 Nyctereutes lockwoodi n sp a new canid Carnivora Mammalia from the middle Pliocene of Dikika Lower Awash Ethiopia Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30 2 981 987 doi 10 1080 02724631003758326 S2CID 83954055 Paleobiology Database Nyctereutes sinensis basic info Further reading edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Nyctereutes nbsp Wikispecies has information related to Nyctereutes Wayne Robert K June 1993 Molecular evolution of the dog family Trends in Genetics 9 6 218 224 doi 10 1016 0168 9525 93 90122 x PMID 8337763 nbsp This canid article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Nyctereutes amp oldid 1199573005, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
