Qais Abdur Rashīd or Qais Abdul Rasheed (Pashto: قيس عبد الرشيد) is said to be, in post-Islamic lore, the legendary founding father of the Pashtuns.[1][2] It is believed that the conception of such a figure was promoted to bring harmony between religious and ethnic identities post-Arabic influence over the region.[3] Qais Abdur Rashid is said to have traveled to Mecca and Medina in Arabia during the early days of Islam and converted. But contrary to this legend, Islam spread through Afghanistan over a period of time.
Qais Abdur Rashid's Shrine on the Takht-i-SulimanFamily Tree and Lineage
Some Afghan genealogists list Qais Abdur Rashid as the 37th descendant of the Benjamite king Talut (or Saul, reigned c. 1050 BC–1010 BC) through Malak Afghana, a legendary grandson of Talut.[4][5]
Legend has it that Qais was born in the Ghor region of present-day central Afghanistan. Upon hearing about the advent of Islam, his tribe sent him to Medina in the Arabian Peninsula, in present-day Saudi Arabia. He met Muhammad and embraced Islam there, and was given the name Abdur Rashīd by Muhammad. He then returned to Ghor and introduced Islam to his tribe. According to Mountstuart Elphinstone, in legend the famous military leader and companion of Muhammad, Khalid ibn al-Walid, introduced Qais to Muhammad.
The Afghan historians proceed to relate that the Jewish tribe, both in Ghor and in Arabia, preserved their knowledge of the unity of God and the purity of their religious belief, and that on the appearance of the last prophet and messenger, Prophet Muhammad, the Afghans of Ghor listened to the invitation of their Arabian brethren, the chief of whom was Khalid ibn al-Waleed, so famous for his conquest of Syria, and marched to the aid of the true faith, under the command of Kyse, afterwards surnamed "Abdul Rasheed".[6]
According to the folk tale, Qais had three sons: Saṛban (سړبن), Bēṭ (بېټ), and Gharghax̌t (غرغښت).[7] His sons founded three tribal confederacies named after them: Sarbani, Bettani, and Gharghashti. Qais also had an adopted son, Karlani Ormur, who is progenitor of the Karlani tribe.[8] There are multiple versions of the legend, including several regional variants that mention only one, two, or three of the four legendary brothers.
Settlementedit
One legend has it that when Qais felt his time was near, he asked his sons to take him from Ghor to the Sulaiman Mountains and bury him at the spot where his ancestor Malak Afghana was buried, and he was buried on top of Takht-e-Sulaiman ("Throne of Solomon"), also called Da Kasī Ghar (د کسي غر, "Mount of Qais"), located near the village of Darazinda in Frontier Region Dera Ismail Khan of the FATA Districts of Pakistan, close to Frontier Region Dera Ismail Khan's borders with both South Waziristan and Zhob District, Balochistan. Some people visit the place, mostly in the summer, since in winters the snowfall makes it difficult to climb, and sacrifice an animal, usually a sheep or a goat at the tomb of Qais.[citation needed]
According to another legend, however, Qais settled in the Balkh region of present-day northern Afghanistan. From there, his different descendants migrated south, west, and east.[8]
See alsoedit
Amir Kror Suri, a legendary 8th-century Pashtun prince from Ghor
Amir Suri, a pagan Ghorid king in the 9th and 10th century who was defeated in war with the Saffarid emir Ya'qub ibn al-Layth al-Saffar
Lech, Czech, and Rus, three legendary brothers who are said to have founded the three modern Slavic nations of Poles (or Lechites), Czechs, and Rus' (or Russians, Ukrainians, and Belarusians)
Fénius Farsaid, a legendary Scythian prince who is said to have founded the modern Irish nation and invented the Ogham Irish alphabet
Asena, a she-wolf in the mythical foundation of the Göktürks
^Stanizai, Zaman (9 October 2020). "Are Pashtuns the Lost Tribe of Israel?". doi:10.33774/coe-2020-vntk7-v4. S2CID 234658271. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
^Dawn, The cradle of Pathan culture December 5, 2008, at the Wayback Machine, by Alauddin Masood, 4 April 2004.
^Niamatullah's history of the Afghans, Volume 1, Niʻmat Allāh, Nirod Bhusan Roy, Santiniketan Press, 1958, pg. 5.
^Life of the Amir Dost Mohammed Khan; of Kabul, Volume 1. By Mohan Lal (1846), quoting Mountstuart Elphinstone pg. 5
^ abCoyle, Dennis Walter (2014). Placing Wardak Among Pashto Varieties (Master's thesis). University of North Dakota.
March 01, 2024
qais, abdur, rashid, qais, abdur, rashīd, qais, abdul, rasheed, pashto, قيس, عبد, الرشيد, said, post, islamic, lore, legendary, founding, father, pashtuns, believed, that, conception, such, figure, promoted, bring, harmony, between, religious, ethnic, identiti. Qais Abdur Rashid or Qais Abdul Rasheed Pashto قيس عبد الرشيد is said to be in post Islamic lore the legendary founding father of the Pashtuns 1 2 It is believed that the conception of such a figure was promoted to bring harmony between religious and ethnic identities post Arabic influence over the region 3 Qais Abdur Rashid is said to have traveled to Mecca and Medina in Arabia during the early days of Islam and converted But contrary to this legend Islam spread through Afghanistan over a period of time Qais Abdur Rashid s Shrine on the Takht i Suliman Family Tree and LineageContents 1 Genealogical tree 2 Legend 2 1 Settlement 3 See also 4 ReferencesGenealogical tree editSome Afghan genealogists list Qais Abdur Rashid as the 37th descendant of the Benjamite king Talut or Saul reigned c 1050 BC 1010 BC through Malak Afghana a legendary grandson of Talut 4 5 According to the Encyclopaedia of Islam the theory of Pashtun descent from the ancient Israelites is traced to Tarikh e Khan Jahani wa Makhzan e Afghani تاریخ خان جهانی ومخزن افغانی a history compiled by Nimat Allah al Harawi during the reign of the Mughal emperor Jahangir in the 17th century Legend editLegend has it that Qais was born in the Ghor region of present day central Afghanistan Upon hearing about the advent of Islam his tribe sent him to Medina in the Arabian Peninsula in present day Saudi Arabia He met Muhammad and embraced Islam there and was given the name Abdur Rashid by Muhammad He then returned to Ghor and introduced Islam to his tribe According to Mountstuart Elphinstone in legend the famous military leader and companion of Muhammad Khalid ibn al Walid introduced Qais to Muhammad The Afghan historians proceed to relate that the Jewish tribe both in Ghor and in Arabia preserved their knowledge of the unity of God and the purity of their religious belief and that on the appearance of the last prophet and messenger Prophet Muhammad the Afghans of Ghor listened to the invitation of their Arabian brethren the chief of whom was Khalid ibn al Waleed so famous for his conquest of Syria and marched to the aid of the true faith under the command of Kyse afterwards surnamed Abdul Rasheed 6 According to the folk tale Qais had three sons Saṛban سړبن Beṭ بېټ and Gharghax t غرغښت 7 His sons founded three tribal confederacies named after them Sarbani Bettani and Gharghashti Qais also had an adopted son Karlani Ormur who is progenitor of the Karlani tribe 8 There are multiple versions of the legend including several regional variants that mention only one two or three of the four legendary brothers Settlement edit One legend has it that when Qais felt his time was near he asked his sons to take him from Ghor to the Sulaiman Mountains and bury him at the spot where his ancestor Malak Afghana was buried and he was buried on top of Takht e Sulaiman Throne of Solomon also called Da Kasi Ghar د کسي غر Mount of Qais located near the village of Darazinda in Frontier Region Dera Ismail Khan of the FATA Districts of Pakistan close to Frontier Region Dera Ismail Khan s borders with both South Waziristan and Zhob District Balochistan Some people visit the place mostly in the summer since in winters the snowfall makes it difficult to climb and sacrifice an animal usually a sheep or a goat at the tomb of Qais citation needed According to another legend however Qais settled in the Balkh region of present day northern Afghanistan From there his different descendants migrated south west and east 8 See also editAmir Kror Suri a legendary 8th century Pashtun prince from Ghor Amir Suri a pagan Ghorid king in the 9th and 10th century who was defeated in war with the Saffarid emir Ya qub ibn al Layth al Saffar Lech Czech and Rus three legendary brothers who are said to have founded the three modern Slavic nations of Poles or Lechites Czechs and Rus or Russians Ukrainians and Belarusians Fenius Farsaid a legendary Scythian prince who is said to have founded the modern Irish nation and invented the Ogham Irish alphabet Asena a she wolf in the mythical foundation of the Gokturks Hayk legendary father of the ArmeniansReferences edit Islamic conquest of Afghanistan Andre Wink 2002 Al Hind The slave kings and the Islamic conquest Brill Publishers ISBN 0391041738 Stanizai Zaman 9 October 2020 Are Pashtuns the Lost Tribe of Israel doi 10 33774 coe 2020 vntk7 v4 S2CID 234658271 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help Dawn The cradle of Pathan culture Archived December 5 2008 at the Wayback Machine by Alauddin Masood 4 April 2004 Niamatullah s history of the Afghans Volume 1 Niʻmat Allah Nirod Bhusan Roy Santiniketan Press 1958 pg 5 Life of the Amir Dost Mohammed Khan of Kabul Volume 1 By Mohan Lal 1846 quoting Mountstuart Elphinstone pg 5 Qais Abdul Rasheed usurped Khyber ORG a b Coyle Dennis Walter 2014 Placing Wardak Among Pashto Varieties Master s thesis University of North Dakota Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Qais Abdur Rashid amp oldid 1187123920, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
