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Pyrrhura

December 15, 2023

Pyrrhura (Greek Red/Fire Tail) is a genus of parrots in the Arini tribe. They occur in tropical and subtropical South America and southern Central America (Panama and Costa Rica). Most are restricted to humid forest and adjacent habitats, but one species, the blaze-winged parakeet, prefers deciduous or gallery woodland, and another, the Pfrimer's parakeet, is restricted to dry regions. Some species are highly endangered.

Pyrrhura
Green-cheeked parakeet (Pyrrhura molinae)
Scientific classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Psittaciformes
Family: Psittacidae
Tribe: Arini
Genus: Pyrrhura
Bonaparte, 1856
Type species
Psittacus vittatus[1]
Shaw, 1811
Species

See text.

Maroon-tailed parakeet (in front), and black-capped parakeet (behind); illustration by Keulemans, 1891

Depending on the species, the total length range from 22 to 30 cm (8.7 to 11.8 in). All have long, pointed tails, a mainly green plumage, and a relatively narrow, dark greyish to white eye-ring. Many have scaly or barred chest-patterns and a whitish, pale grey, buff or reddish ear-patch.

They typically move around in small, noisy flocks, flying swiftly at or below canopy level. Once settled in a tree they tend to be silent (especially if aware of danger) and difficult to spot. They nest in a tree-crevice.

Some species are popular in aviculture, where they are commonly referred to conures instead of parakeets.[2]

Taxonomy edit

The genus Pyrrhura was introduced in 1856 by the French naturalist Charles Lucien Bonaparte.[3][4] Bonaparte did not specify a type species but this was designated in 1891 by the Italian zoologist Tommaso Salvadori as Psittacus vittatus Shaw, 1811, which has been replaced by Psittacus frontalis Vieillot, 1818, the maroon-bellied parakeet.[5][6] The genus name is from the specific epithet of Microsittace pyrrhura Bonaparte, 1854 now Pyrrhura molinae Massena & Souancé, 1854, the green-cheeked parakeet. The name combines the Ancient Greek purrhos meaning "flame-coloured" or "red" with -ouros meaning "tail".[7]

The taxonomy of some groups, in particular the Pyrrhura picta and the P. leucotis complexes, has changed significantly in recent years. In late 2008 it was proposed that the members of the P. picta complex from north-eastern Peru (the so-called "group 6" in Joseph, 2002) should be considered a new species, the Amazon red-fronted parakeet, P. parvifrons. This has yet to receive widespread recognition (e.g., by SACC), and consequently it is not included in the below list.

Species edit

The genus contains 24 species:[8]

Species photographs edit

References edit

  1. ^ "Psittacidae". aviansystematics.org. The Trust for Avian Systematics. Retrieved 2023-07-24.
  2. ^ "Pyrrhura Conures | Beauty of Birds". 16 September 2021.
  3. ^ Bonaparte, Charles Lucien (1856). "Conspectum Psittacorum". Naumannia : Archiv für die Ornithologie Vorzugsweise Europa's : Organ der Deutsche Ornithologen-Gesellschaft. 6. Genus 14.
  4. ^ Peters, James Lee, ed. (1937). Check-List of Birds of the World. Vol. 3. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 194.
  5. ^ Salvadori, Tommaso (1891). Catalogue of the Psittaci, or Parrots, in the collection of the British Museum. Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum. Vol. 20. London: British Museum. p. 211.
  6. ^ Dickinson, E.C.; Remsen, J.V. Jr., eds. (2013). The Howard & Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World. Vol. 1: Non-passerines (4th ed.). Eastbourne, UK: Aves Press. p. 363. ISBN 978-0-9568611-0-8.
  7. ^ Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 327. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
  8. ^ Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (July 2023). "Parrots, cockatoos". IOC World Bird List Version 13.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 10 December 2023.
  • Arndt, T. (2008). Anmerkungen zu einigen Pyrrhura-Formen mit der Beschreibung einer neuen Art und zweier neuer Unterarten. Papageien 8/2008.
  • Joseph, L. (2002). Geographic variation, taxonomy and distribution of some Amazonian Pyrrhura parakeets. Ornitologia Neotropical 13 (4): 337–363.
  • Juniper, T., and M. Parr (1998). A Guide to the Parrots of the World. Pica Press, East Sussex. ISBN 1-873403-40-2
  • Remsen, J. V., Jr., C. D. Cadena, A. Jaramillo, M. Nores, J. F. Pacheco, M. B. Robbins, T. S. Schulenberg, F. G. Stiles, D. F. Stotz, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 28 Jun. 2007.
  • Restall, R., C. Rodner, and M. Lentino. (2006). Birds of Northern South America - An Identification Guide.. Christopher Helm, London. ISBN 0-7136-7242-0
  • Ribas, C., L. Joseph, and C. Miyaki (2006). Molecular systematics and patterns of diversification in Pyrrhura (Psittacidae), with special reference to the picta-leucotis complex. Auk 123 (3): 660–680.

December 15, 2023
pyrrhura, greek, fire, tail, genus, parrots, arini, tribe, they, occur, tropical, subtropical, south, america, southern, central, america, panama, costa, rica, most, restricted, humid, forest, adjacent, habitats, species, blaze, winged, parakeet, prefers, deci. Pyrrhura Greek Red Fire Tail is a genus of parrots in the Arini tribe They occur in tropical and subtropical South America and southern Central America Panama and Costa Rica Most are restricted to humid forest and adjacent habitats but one species the blaze winged parakeet prefers deciduous or gallery woodland and another the Pfrimer s parakeet is restricted to dry regions Some species are highly endangered PyrrhuraGreen cheeked parakeet Pyrrhura molinae Scientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass AvesOrder PsittaciformesFamily PsittacidaeTribe AriniGenus PyrrhuraBonaparte 1856Type speciesPsittacus vittatus 1 Shaw 1811SpeciesSee text Maroon tailed parakeet in front and black capped parakeet behind illustration by Keulemans 1891Depending on the species the total length range from 22 to 30 cm 8 7 to 11 8 in All have long pointed tails a mainly green plumage and a relatively narrow dark greyish to white eye ring Many have scaly or barred chest patterns and a whitish pale grey buff or reddish ear patch They typically move around in small noisy flocks flying swiftly at or below canopy level Once settled in a tree they tend to be silent especially if aware of danger and difficult to spot They nest in a tree crevice Some species are popular in aviculture where they are commonly referred to conures instead of parakeets 2 Contents 1 Taxonomy 2 Species 3 Species photographs 4 ReferencesTaxonomy editThe genus Pyrrhura was introduced in 1856 by the French naturalist Charles Lucien Bonaparte 3 4 Bonaparte did not specify a type species but this was designated in 1891 by the Italian zoologist Tommaso Salvadori as Psittacus vittatus Shaw 1811 which has been replaced by Psittacus frontalis Vieillot 1818 the maroon bellied parakeet 5 6 The genus name is from the specific epithet of Microsittace pyrrhura Bonaparte 1854 now Pyrrhura molinae Massena amp Souance 1854 the green cheeked parakeet The name combines the Ancient Greek purrhos meaning flame coloured or red with ouros meaning tail 7 The taxonomy of some groups in particular the Pyrrhura picta and the P leucotis complexes has changed significantly in recent years In late 2008 it was proposed that the members of the P picta complex from north eastern Peru the so called group 6 in Joseph 2002 should be considered a new species the Amazon red fronted parakeet P parvifrons This has yet to receive widespread recognition e g by SACC and consequently it is not included in the below list Species editThe genus contains 24 species 8 Ochre marked parakeet Pyrrhura cruentata Maroon bellied parakeet Pyrrhura frontalis Blaze winged parakeet Pyrrhura devillei traditionally a subspecies of P frontalis Crimson bellied parakeet Pyrrhura perlata formerly P rhodogaster Pearly parakeet Pyrrhura lepida formerly P perlata Green cheeked parakeet Pyrrhura molinae Painted parakeet Pyrrhura picta Sinu parakeet Pyrrhura subandina possibly extinct Todd s Perija parakeet Pyrrhura picta caeruleiceps Azuero parakeet Pyrrhura picta eisenmanni Venezuelan parakeet Pyrrhura emma formerly considered a subspecies of P leucotis Santarem Hellmayr s parakeet Pyrrhura amazonum traditionally a subspecies of P picta Madeira parakeet Pyrrhura snethlageae Bonaparte s Deville s parakeet Pyrrhura lucianii traditionally a subspecies of P picta Rose fronted parakeet Pyrrhura roseifrons traditionally a subspecies of P picta Wavy breasted parakeet Pyrrhura roseifrons peruviana White eared maroon faced parakeet Pyrrhura leucotis Grey breasted parakeet Pyrrhura griseipectus Pfrimer s parakeet Pyrrhura pfrimeri traditionally a subspecies of P leucotis Fiery shouldered parakeet Pyrrhura egregia Santa Marta parakeet Pyrrhura viridicata Maroon tailed parakeet Pyrrhura melanura El Oro parakeet Pyrrhura orcesi Black capped rock parakeet Pyrrhura rupicola White necked parakeet Pyrrhura albipectus Flame winged brown breasted parakeet Pyrrhura calliptera Red eared parakeet Pyrrhura hoematotis Rose headed rose crowned parakeet Pyrrhura rhodocephala Sulphur winged parakeet Pyrrhura hoffmanni Species photographs edit nbsp Blue throated parakeet Pyrrhura cruentata nbsp Maroon bellied parakeet Pyrrhura frontalis nbsp Green cheeked parakeet Pyrrhura molinae nbsp Crimson bellied parakeet Pyrrhura perlata nbsp Pearly parakeet Pyrrhura lepida nbsp Rose crowned parakeet Pyrrhura hoematotis nbsp Sulphur winged parakeet Pyrrhura hoffmanni nbsp Black capped parakeet Pyrrhura rupicola nbsp Domestic maroon bellied parakeet Pyrrhura frontalis References edit Psittacidae aviansystematics org The Trust for Avian Systematics Retrieved 2023 07 24 Pyrrhura Conures Beauty of Birds 16 September 2021 Bonaparte Charles Lucien 1856 Conspectum Psittacorum Naumannia Archiv fur die Ornithologie Vorzugsweise Europa s Organ der Deutsche Ornithologen Gesellschaft 6 Genus 14 Peters James Lee ed 1937 Check List of Birds of the World Vol 3 Cambridge Massachusetts Harvard University Press p 194 Salvadori Tommaso 1891 Catalogue of the Psittaci or Parrots in the collection of the British Museum Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum Vol 20 London British Museum p 211 Dickinson E C Remsen J V Jr eds 2013 The Howard amp Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World Vol 1 Non passerines 4th ed Eastbourne UK Aves Press p 363 ISBN 978 0 9568611 0 8 Jobling James A 2010 The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names London Christopher Helm p 327 ISBN 978 1 4081 2501 4 Gill Frank Donsker David Rasmussen Pamela eds July 2023 Parrots cockatoos IOC World Bird List Version 13 2 International Ornithologists Union Retrieved 10 December 2023 Arndt T 2008 Anmerkungen zu einigen Pyrrhura Formen mit der Beschreibung einer neuen Art und zweier neuer Unterarten Papageien 8 2008 Joseph L 2002 Geographic variation taxonomy and distribution of some Amazonian Pyrrhura parakeets Ornitologia Neotropical 13 4 337 363 Juniper T and M Parr 1998 A Guide to the Parrots of the World Pica Press East Sussex ISBN 1 873403 40 2 Remsen J V Jr C D Cadena A Jaramillo M Nores J F Pacheco M B Robbins T S Schulenberg F G Stiles D F Stotz and K J Zimmer Version 28 Jun 2007 A classification of the bird species of South America American Ornithologists Union Restall R C Rodner and M Lentino 2006 Birds of Northern South America An Identification Guide Christopher Helm London ISBN 0 7136 7242 0 Ribas C L Joseph and C Miyaki 2006 Molecular systematics and patterns of diversification in Pyrrhura Psittacidae with special reference to the picta leucotis complex Auk 123 3 660 680 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Pyrrhura amp oldid 1189347904, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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