Psychocidaridae is a family of sea urchins in the order Cidaroida. The genus Psychocidaris is extant while the other genera are only known from fossils. The family has been in existence since the Lower Jurassic (Toarcian) and the range includes Europe, Ukraine, North America, North Africa and the West Pacific.[2]
All Cidaroids are regular and have the test composed of twenty columns of plates with two ambulacral columns alternating with two interambulacral columns. The pedicellariae are exclusively globiferous or tridentate. In addition, Psychocidarids are characterized by having no plates between the ambulacra. Instead they have a single primary tubercle with a large mamelon, the ball-like surface that articulates with the spine. In most genera this is imperforate and non-crenulate. The pores are in pairs that are not connected by grooves. The spines are broad and either spindle, gland or club-shaped.[2]
Of these, Psychocidaris is the only extant genus while the other genera are known from fossils. The only living species and the type species of the genus is Psychocidaris ohshimai.[1]
Psychocidaris ohshimaiedit
P. ohshimai is characterized by having gland-shaped spines on the apical (top) surface with a mat of hairs forming an overgrowth and by the oral spines having longitudinal flanges. It is found in the Philippines and the Bonin Islands, Japan.[3]
^ abFamily Psychocidaridae Ikeda, 1936 The Echinoid Directory. Retrieved 2011-08-28.
^Psychocidaris Ikeda, 1935 The Echinoid Directory. Retrieved 2011-08-28.
May 09, 2024
psychocidaridae, family, urchins, order, cidaroida, genus, psychocidaris, extant, while, other, genera, only, known, from, fossils, family, been, existence, since, lower, jurassic, toarcian, range, includes, europe, ukraine, north, america, north, africa, west. Psychocidaridae is a family of sea urchins in the order Cidaroida The genus Psychocidaris is extant while the other genera are only known from fossils The family has been in existence since the Lower Jurassic Toarcian and the range includes Europe Ukraine North America North Africa and the West Pacific 2 PsychocidaridaeTemporal range Lower Jurassic Recent PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Fossil of Balanocidaris marginata Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Animalia Phylum Echinodermata Class Echinoidea Order Cidaroida Superfamily Histocidaroidea Family PsychocidaridaeIkeda 1936 1 Genera See text Contents 1 Characteristics 2 Genera 3 Psychocidaris ohshimai 4 ReferencesCharacteristics editAll Cidaroids are regular and have the test composed of twenty columns of plates with two ambulacral columns alternating with two interambulacral columns The pedicellariae are exclusively globiferous or tridentate In addition Psychocidarids are characterized by having no plates between the ambulacra Instead they have a single primary tubercle with a large mamelon the ball like surface that articulates with the spine In most genera this is imperforate and non crenulate The pores are in pairs that are not connected by grooves The spines are broad and either spindle gland or club shaped 2 Genera editAccording to the World Register of Marine Species WoRMS the following genera are included in the family 1 Balanocidaris Lambert 1910a Caenocidaris Thiery 1928 Oedematocidaris Smith amp Wright 1989 Psychocidaris Ikeda 1935 Roseicidaris Vadet 1991 Sardocidaris Lambert 1907 TylocidarisPomel 1883 Of these Psychocidaris is the only extant genus while the other genera are known from fossils The only living species and the type species of the genus is Psychocidaris ohshimai 1 Psychocidaris ohshimai editP ohshimai is characterized by having gland shaped spines on the apical top surface with a mat of hairs forming an overgrowth and by the oral spines having longitudinal flanges It is found in the Philippines and the Bonin Islands Japan 3 References edit a b c Cidaridae WoRMS Retrieved 2011 08 28 a b Family Psychocidaridae Ikeda 1936 The Echinoid Directory Retrieved 2011 08 28 Psychocidaris Ikeda 1935 The Echinoid Directory Retrieved 2011 08 28 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Psychocidaridae amp oldid 1188034441, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
