The Prussian carp, silver Prussian carp or Gibel carp (Carassius gibelio), is a member of the family Cyprinidae, which includes many other fish, such as the common carp, goldfish, and the smaller minnows. It is a medium-sized cyprinid, and does not exceed a weight of 3 kilograms (6.6 lb) and a length of 45 centimetres (18 in). They are usually silver, although other color variations exist. They are omnivorous and feed on plankton, invertebrates, plant material and detritus. Originally from Siberia, they have been introduced to and are now inhabiting lakes, ponds, and slow-moving rivers throughout Europe, North America, and Asia.[1][2][3][4]
Prussian carps are highly invasive fish species in areas outside its native range. They reproduce and spread rapidly. In 2020, scientists demonstrated that a small proportion of fertilized Prussian carp eggs ingested by waterfowl survive passing through the digestive tract and hatch after being retrieved from the feces.[5][6] Birds exhibit strong preference for fish eggs, while cyprinids produce hundreds of thousands of eggs at a single spawning event. These data indicate that despite the low proportion of eggs surviving the digestive tract of birds, endozoochory might provide a potentially overlooked dispersal mechanism of Prussian carps. If proven under natural circumstances, endozoochorous dispersal of invasive fish could be a strong conservation concern for freshwater biodiversity.
Prussian carp are capable of gynogenesis, meaning sperm is required to fertilize their eggs, but the male gamete does not contribute any DNA to the embryo. Females lay eggs and then "steal" sperm from related species.[7]
Description
An orange colored wild-caught Prussian carp with goldfish-like coloration.
Carassius gibelio illustration
The Prussian carp is a deep-bodied, robust fish which resembles the crucian carp (Carassius carassius) and grows to about 10 to 35 cm (4 to 14 in) in length. Its scales are larger than those of the crucian carp, and it typically has 27 to 32 scales along the lateral line, whereas the crucian carp usually has between 31 and 35. The species is silvery, sometimes with a faint golden tinge, while the crucian carp has a burnished gold appearance. The Prussian carp's tail is more deeply forked than that of the crucian carp.[8]
Video of prussian carp in Kõrvemaa, Estonia (October 2022)
^"Data Use Agreement - GBIF Portal". Data.gbif.org. 2007-02-22. Retrieved 2010-07-29.
^(PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-08-12. Retrieved 2009-04-28.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
^Brykov, Vl. A.; Polyakova, N. E.; Skurikhina, L. A.; Dolganov, S. M.; Eliseikina, M. G.; Kovalev, M. Yu. (2002). "Journal Article". Russian Journal of Genetics. SpringerLink. 38 (10): 1176–1180. doi:10.1023/A:1020604905154. S2CID 11234180.
^"Experiment shows it is possible for fish to migrate via ingestion by birds". phys.org. Retrieved 5 July 2020.
^Lovas-Kiss, Ádám; Vincze, Orsolya; Löki, Viktor; Pallér-Kapusi, Felícia; Halasi-Kovács, Béla; Kovács, Gyula; Green, Andy J.; Lukács, Balázs András (18 June 2020). "Experimental evidence of dispersal of invasive cyprinid eggs inside migratory waterfowl". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 117 (27): 15397–15399. doi:10.1073/pnas.2004805117. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC7355035. PMID 32571940.
^"Attack of the clones: Sperm-stealing Prussian carp threaten to overwhelm Alberta waterways". CBC. 31 May 2018. Retrieved 18 July 2022.
^"Prussian carp: Carassius gibelio". NatureGate. Retrieved 14 December 2013.
External link
Media related to Carassius gibelio at Wikimedia Commons
January 11, 2023
prussian, carp, silver, gibel, carp, carassius, gibelio, member, family, cyprinidae, which, includes, many, other, fish, such, common, carp, goldfish, smaller, minnows, medium, sized, cyprinid, does, exceed, weight, kilograms, length, centimetres, they, usuall. The Prussian carp silver Prussian carp or Gibel carp Carassius gibelio is a member of the family Cyprinidae which includes many other fish such as the common carp goldfish and the smaller minnows It is a medium sized cyprinid and does not exceed a weight of 3 kilograms 6 6 lb and a length of 45 centimetres 18 in They are usually silver although other color variations exist They are omnivorous and feed on plankton invertebrates plant material and detritus Originally from Siberia they have been introduced to and are now inhabiting lakes ponds and slow moving rivers throughout Europe North America and Asia 1 2 3 4 Prussian carpScientific classificationKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass ActinopterygiiOrder CypriniformesFamily CyprinidaeSubfamily CyprininaeGenus CarassiusSpecies C gibelioBinomial nameCarassius gibelio Bloch 1782 SynonymsCarassius auratus gibelioPrussian carps are highly invasive fish species in areas outside its native range They reproduce and spread rapidly In 2020 scientists demonstrated that a small proportion of fertilized Prussian carp eggs ingested by waterfowl survive passing through the digestive tract and hatch after being retrieved from the feces 5 6 Birds exhibit strong preference for fish eggs while cyprinids produce hundreds of thousands of eggs at a single spawning event These data indicate that despite the low proportion of eggs surviving the digestive tract of birds endozoochory might provide a potentially overlooked dispersal mechanism of Prussian carps If proven under natural circumstances endozoochorous dispersal of invasive fish could be a strong conservation concern for freshwater biodiversity Prussian carp are capable of gynogenesis meaning sperm is required to fertilize their eggs but the male gamete does not contribute any DNA to the embryo Females lay eggs and then steal sperm from related species 7 Description Edit An orange colored wild caught Prussian carp with goldfish like coloration Carassius gibelio illustration The Prussian carp is a deep bodied robust fish which resembles the crucian carp Carassius carassius and grows to about 10 to 35 cm 4 to 14 in in length Its scales are larger than those of the crucian carp and it typically has 27 to 32 scales along the lateral line whereas the crucian carp usually has between 31 and 35 The species is silvery sometimes with a faint golden tinge while the crucian carp has a burnished gold appearance The Prussian carp s tail is more deeply forked than that of the crucian carp 8 source source source source source source source source source source source source source Video of prussian carp in Korvemaa Estonia October 2022 References Edit Carassius gibelio Prussian carp fisheries www fishbase in Data Use Agreement GBIF Portal Data gbif org 2007 02 22 Retrieved 2010 07 29 Archived copy PDF Archived from the original PDF on 2010 08 12 Retrieved 2009 04 28 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint archived copy as title link Brykov Vl A Polyakova N E Skurikhina L A Dolganov S M Eliseikina M G Kovalev M Yu 2002 Journal Article Russian Journal of Genetics SpringerLink 38 10 1176 1180 doi 10 1023 A 1020604905154 S2CID 11234180 Experiment shows it is possible for fish to migrate via ingestion by birds phys org Retrieved 5 July 2020 Lovas Kiss Adam Vincze Orsolya Loki Viktor Paller Kapusi Felicia Halasi Kovacs Bela Kovacs Gyula Green Andy J Lukacs Balazs Andras 18 June 2020 Experimental evidence of dispersal of invasive cyprinid eggs inside migratory waterfowl Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117 27 15397 15399 doi 10 1073 pnas 2004805117 ISSN 0027 8424 PMC 7355035 PMID 32571940 Attack of the clones Sperm stealing Prussian carp threaten to overwhelm Alberta waterways CBC 31 May 2018 Retrieved 18 July 2022 Prussian carp Carassius gibelio NatureGate Retrieved 14 December 2013 External link Edit Media related to Carassius gibelio at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Prussian carp amp oldid 1119161681, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
