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Minnow

Minnow is the common name for a number of species of small freshwater fish, belonging to several genera of the families Cyprinidae and Leuciscidae. They are also known in Ireland as pinkeens.[1]

Minnow
Fathead minnow
Scientific classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Cypriniformes
Superfamily: Cyprinoidea
Included species

See text

Smaller fish in the subfamily Leusciscidae are considered by anglers to be "true" minnows.[2]

Types of minnows edit

Bluntnose minnow (Pimephales notatus): The bluntnose minnow is a primary bait fish for Northern America, and has a very high tolerance for variable water qualities, which helps its distribution throughout many regions.[3] The snout of the bluntnose minnow overhangs the mouth, giving it the bluntnose. There is a dark lateral line which stretches from the opercle to the base of the tail, where a large black spot is located. The average size of the adult is approximately 5 cm (2.0 in).[4]

Common shiner (Notropis cornutus): These fish are one of the most common type of bait fish and are almost exclusively stream dwellers. The common shiner can be identified by the nine rays on its anal fin and terminal mouth. This minnow is typically bluish silver on the sides and greenish blue on the back., save for breeding season in which case the male gains a rose colored tail and anal fin. The shiner grows about 5–10 cm (2–4 in) within one year and reach a size of 13 cm (5.1 in) at adulthood.[5] Notropis potteri is known as the chub shiner.

Common emerald shiner (Notropis atherinoides atherinoides): Common shiners are most abundant in the Great Lakes of North America, primarily Lake Erie. The name of the emerald shiner comes from the greenish emerald band that expands from the back of the gill cover to the tail. This type of minnow has a short, rounded snout, the only difference between the common emerald shiner and the silver shiner is that the silver shiner has a longer snout and a larger eye. These fish grow to an average length of about 6 cm. This is one of the most common bait fish used in the Lake Erie region of Ohio and many fisherman hold it over all other bait.[6]

Other fish specifically called minnows include

 
Rick Crawford visiting Anderson Farms, the world's largest minnow farm, in Lonoke, Arkansas.

As food edit

While primarily used for bait, minnows can also be eaten directly by humans. Some Native American cultures have used minnows as food.[8] If minnows are small enough, they can be eaten whole.[9]

Threats and conservation issues edit

Generally, minnows breed with the slightest rainfall and within a wide temperature range. Contrary to the long-standing presumptions, climate change poses 'negligible' threat to minnows' reproduction. Minnows are also flexible in attaining pre-spawning fitness, which makes them avoid 'skipped spawning' decisions while facing climatic variabilities.[10]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ cf. pinkeen and pink, Oxford English Dictionary, Second Edition.Pinkeen Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Retrieved: 2011-12-11.
  2. ^ "Subfamily Leuciscinae - Hierarchy - The Taxonomicon". taxonomicon.taxonomy.nl. Retrieved 2018-10-02.
  3. ^ "Pimephales promelas (Black-head minnow)". Animal Diversity Web. Retrieved 2018-10-02.
  4. ^ Trautman, Milton B. (6 July 1993). "Bluntnose Minnows in Ohio". Department of Natural Resources Ohio Division of Wildlife Document. 189 (R778).
  5. ^ Trautman, Milton B. (30 June 1993). "Common Shiner in Ohio". Department of Natural Resources, Ohio Division of Wildlife Document. 189 (R778).
  6. ^ Trautman, Milton B. (30 June 1993). "Common Emerald Shiner in Ohio". Department of Natural Resources, Ohio Division of Wildlife Document. 189 (R778).
  7. ^ Proujan. C., (1979), SECRETS OF THE SEA, 2ND ED.,London: Reader's Digest Association Limited. Pg.60
  8. ^ "Minnows | Traditional Animal Foods of Indigenous Peoples of Northern North America - Animals - Fish - Freshwater Fish". traditionalanimalfoods.org.
  9. ^ "How to Cook Minnows".
  10. ^ Sarkar, Uttam Kumar; Roy, Koushik; Naskar, Malay; Srivastava, Pankaj Kumar; Bose, Arun Kumar; Verma, Vinod Kumar; Gupta, Sandipan; Nandy, Saurav Kumar; Sarkar, Soma Das; Karnatak, Gunjan; Sudheesan, Deepa; Das, Basanta Kumar (March 2019). "Minnows may be more reproductively resilient to climatic variability than anticipated: Synthesis from a reproductive vulnerability assessment of Gangetic pool barbs (Puntius sophore)". Ecological Indicators. 105: 727–736. doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.03.037. S2CID 132490156.

External links edit

minnow, boat, gilligan, island, rugby, team, mighty, common, name, number, species, small, freshwater, fish, belonging, several, genera, families, cyprinidae, leuciscidae, they, also, known, ireland, pinkeens, fathead, minnowscientific, classificationdomain, e. For the boat in Gilligan s Island see S S Minnow For the rugby team see Mighty Minnows Minnow is the common name for a number of species of small freshwater fish belonging to several genera of the families Cyprinidae and Leuciscidae They are also known in Ireland as pinkeens 1 MinnowFathead minnowScientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass ActinopterygiiOrder CypriniformesSuperfamily CyprinoideaIncluded speciesSee textSmaller fish in the subfamily Leusciscidae are considered by anglers to be true minnows 2 Contents 1 Types of minnows 2 As food 3 Threats and conservation issues 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksTypes of minnows editBluntnose minnow Pimephales notatus The bluntnose minnow is a primary bait fish for Northern America and has a very high tolerance for variable water qualities which helps its distribution throughout many regions 3 The snout of the bluntnose minnow overhangs the mouth giving it the bluntnose There is a dark lateral line which stretches from the opercle to the base of the tail where a large black spot is located The average size of the adult is approximately 5 cm 2 0 in 4 Common shiner Notropis cornutus These fish are one of the most common type of bait fish and are almost exclusively stream dwellers The common shiner can be identified by the nine rays on its anal fin and terminal mouth This minnow is typically bluish silver on the sides and greenish blue on the back save for breeding season in which case the male gains a rose colored tail and anal fin The shiner grows about 5 10 cm 2 4 in within one year and reach a size of 13 cm 5 1 in at adulthood 5 Notropis potteri is known as the chub shiner Common emerald shiner Notropis atherinoides atherinoides Common shiners are most abundant in the Great Lakes of North America primarily Lake Erie The name of the emerald shiner comes from the greenish emerald band that expands from the back of the gill cover to the tail This type of minnow has a short rounded snout the only difference between the common emerald shiner and the silver shiner is that the silver shiner has a longer snout and a larger eye These fish grow to an average length of about 6 cm This is one of the most common bait fish used in the Lake Erie region of Ohio and many fisherman hold it over all other bait 6 Cheat minnow a species in the genus Pararhinichthys Cutlips minnow a species in the genus Exoglossum Desert minnows fishes in the genus Dionda Eurasian minnows fishes in the genus Phoxinus Fathead minnow rosy red minnow a species in the genus Pimephales Loach minnow a species of the genus Rhinichthys Balkan minnows of the genus Pelasgus Ozark minnow a species in the genus Notropis Pikeminnows fishes in the genus Ptychocheilus Pugnose minnow a species in the genus Opsopoeodus Rhodes minnow a species in the genus Squalius Silverjaw minnow Longjaw minnow species in the genus Ericymba Silvery minnows fishes in the genus Hybognathus Suckermouth minnows fishes in the genus Phenacobius White Cloud Mountain minnow Vietnamese cardinal minnow species in the genus TanichthysOther fish specifically called minnows include in the Southern Hemisphere some fish in the family Galaxiidae in particular those of genus Galaxias in Southeast Asia the danionins including Razorbelly minnows the Drakensberg minnow Labeobarbus aspius from the Congo Democratic Republic the Maluti minnow Pseudobarbus quathlambae from Lesotho the Falklands minnow from the Falkland Islands a vernacular name for the Common galaxias the pike topminnow Belonesox belizanus are confused for the northern pike Esox lucius also called minnow for the little size the minnows of the deep Cyclothone sp small bioluminescent bristlemouth fish approximately 8 centimetres 3 in long 7 nbsp Rick Crawford visiting Anderson Farms the world s largest minnow farm in Lonoke Arkansas As food editWhile primarily used for bait minnows can also be eaten directly by humans Some Native American cultures have used minnows as food 8 If minnows are small enough they can be eaten whole 9 Threats and conservation issues editGenerally minnows breed with the slightest rainfall and within a wide temperature range Contrary to the long standing presumptions climate change poses negligible threat to minnows reproduction Minnows are also flexible in attaining pre spawning fitness which makes them avoid skipped spawning decisions while facing climatic variabilities 10 See also editMud minnow disambiguation Cape Fear shiner Epalzeorhynchos occasionally named sharkminnowsReferences edit cf pinkeen and pink Oxford English Dictionary Second Edition Pinkeen Merriam Webster Dictionary Retrieved 2011 12 11 Subfamily Leuciscinae Hierarchy The Taxonomicon taxonomicon taxonomy nl Retrieved 2018 10 02 Pimephales promelas Black head minnow Animal Diversity Web Retrieved 2018 10 02 Trautman Milton B 6 July 1993 Bluntnose Minnows in Ohio Department of Natural Resources Ohio Division of Wildlife Document 189 R778 Trautman Milton B 30 June 1993 Common Shiner in Ohio Department of Natural Resources Ohio Division of Wildlife Document 189 R778 Trautman Milton B 30 June 1993 Common Emerald Shiner in Ohio Department of Natural Resources Ohio Division of Wildlife Document 189 R778 Proujan C 1979 SECRETS OF THE SEA 2ND ED London Reader s Digest Association Limited Pg 60 Minnows Traditional Animal Foods of Indigenous Peoples of Northern North America Animals Fish Freshwater Fish traditionalanimalfoods org How to Cook Minnows Sarkar Uttam Kumar Roy Koushik Naskar Malay Srivastava Pankaj Kumar Bose Arun Kumar Verma Vinod Kumar Gupta Sandipan Nandy Saurav Kumar Sarkar Soma Das Karnatak Gunjan Sudheesan Deepa Das Basanta Kumar March 2019 Minnows may be more reproductively resilient to climatic variability than anticipated Synthesis from a reproductive vulnerability assessment of Gangetic pool barbs Puntius sophore Ecological Indicators 105 727 736 doi 10 1016 j ecolind 2019 03 037 S2CID 132490156 External links edit Minnow Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 18 11th ed 1911 nbsp The dictionary definition of minnow at Wiktionary Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Minnow amp oldid 1188945012, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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