Pili annulati (also known as "ringed hair")[1] is a genetic trait in which the hair seems 'banded' by alternating segments of light and dark color when seen in reflected light.[1][2]: 767 [3]: 640 [4]
Pili annulati manifests during infancy or at birth. The clinical manifestation varies. Usually, the hair appears shiny and banded. Pili annulati usually just affects the scalp but can be present in other areas.
Pili annulati may be sporadic or inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. Pili annulati can be diagnosed based on light microscopy or trichoscopy. Treatment is not needed.
Pili pseudoannulati is an anomaly of human hair that mimics pili annulati; however, the two differ in that the light bands of pili annulati are caused by internal effects, whereas the bright segments of pili pseudoannulati are caused by reflection and refraction of light by flattened, twisted surfaces of hair.[2]: 767
Pili annulati might show up during infancy or at birth.[5] Within the same patient, the clinical manifestation may vary at different parts of the scalp or even within the same afflicted hair.[6][7][8]
The clinical examination typically finds the hair to be shiny and banded, with an occasional odd shimmering texture or even frizzy look.[9] As the hair develops, the amount of white bands tends to diffuse.[10]
Higher hair fragility is not usually linked to pili annulati.[10] A small percentage of cases show significant trichorrhexis-nodosa-like hair fracturing and breakage together with enhanced sensitivity at the light band level.[11][12]
Although pili annulati is mostly restricted to the hair on the scalp, it can also affect hair in the pubic, axillary, and beard areas.[9][7]
Causesedit
Pili annulati are inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern that exhibits varied expression. There has also been sporadic cases reported.[10] There is documentation of a case of pili annulati linked to a mutation in RECQL4, which causes Rothmund-Thomson syndrome.[6]
Diagnosisedit
A distinctive look with alternating bright and dark stripes in the hair shaft is revealed by light microscopy. In light microscopy, the dark bands correlate to white bands in reflected light, in trichoscopy, and macroscopically. A normal medulla with clusters of sporadic, air-filled cavities within the cortex of the hair shafts is visible under transmission electron microscopy of the affected hairs.[10] A "cobblestoned" and fluted cuticle is shown via scanning electron microscopy.[5][13]
Similar to other illnesses of the hair shaft, trichoscopy is a quick and easy way for practitioners to diagnose pili annulati without having to remove hairs.[10]
Treatmentedit
Since pili annulati is a benign illness for which individuals never seek medical attention, treatment is frequently not necessary.[10]
^ abAmichai, B. (1996-05-01). "Hair abnormality present since childhood. Pili annulati". Archives of Dermatology. 132 (5). American Medical Association (AMA): 575–575. doi:10.1001/archderm.132.5.575. ISSN 0003-987X.
^ abTeysseire, S.; Weiler, L.; Thomas, L.; Dalle, S. (2017). "Pili Annulati". Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie (in French). 144 (5). Elsevier BV: 399–400. doi:10.1016/j.annder.2016.12.003. ISSN 0151-9638.
^Laniosz, Valerie; Podjasek, Joshua O.; Camilleri, Michael J.; Hand, Jennifer L. (2013). "Pili Annulati Masquerading As Hypotrichosis". Pediatric Dermatology. 30 (4). Wiley: 510–511. doi:10.1111/pde.12111. ISSN 0736-8046.
^ abTheodosiou, G; Hamnerius, N; Svensson, A (2018). "Banded Scalp Hair with an Unusual Glistening Appearance in a Teenager: A Quiz". Acta Dermato Venereologica. 98 (4). Medical Journals Sweden AB: 473–474. doi:10.2340/00015555-2891. ISSN 0001-5555.
^Osório, Filipa; Tosti, Antonella (2012-08-01). "Pili annulati – What about racial distribution?". Dermatology Online Journal. 18 (8). doi:10.5070/D323H0G5QZ. ISSN 1087-2108.
^Nam, Chan Hee; Park, Minkee; Choi, Mi Soo; Hong, Seung Phil; Kim, Myung Hwa; Park, Byung Cheol (2017). "Pili Annulati with Multiple Fragile Hairs". Annals of Dermatology. 29 (2). Korean Dermatological Association and The Korean Society for Investigative Dermatology: 254. doi:10.5021/ad.2017.29.2.254. ISSN 1013-9087.
^Moffitt, DL; Lear, JT; de Berker, DA; Peachey, RD (1998). "Pili annulati coincident with alopecia areata". Pediatric Dermatology. 15 (4). Wiley: 271–273. doi:10.1046/j.1525-1470.1998.1998015271.x. ISSN 0736-8046.
Further readingedit
Ito, M.; Hashimoto, K.; Sakamoto, F.; Sato, Y.; Voorhees, J. J. (1988). "Pathogenesis of pili annulati". Archives of Dermatological Research. 280 (5). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 308–318. doi:10.1007/bf00440605. hdl:2027.42/47241. ISSN 0340-3696.
Giehl, K.A.; Rogers, M.A.; Radivojkov, M.; Tosti, A.; de Berker, D.A.R.; Weinlich, G.; Schmuth, M.; Ruzicka, T.; Eckstein, G.N. (2009). "Pili annulati: refinement of the locus on chromosome 12q24.33 to a 2·9-Mb interval and candidate gene analysis". British Journal of Dermatology. 160 (3). Oxford University Press (OUP): 527–533. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08948.x. ISSN 0007-0963.
pili, annulati, also, known, ringed, hair, genetic, trait, which, hair, seems, banded, alternating, segments, light, dark, color, when, seen, reflected, light, other, namesringed, hair, diseasespecialtymedical, genetics, manifests, during, infancy, birth, clin. Pili annulati also known as ringed hair 1 is a genetic trait in which the hair seems banded by alternating segments of light and dark color when seen in reflected light 1 2 767 3 640 4 Pili annulatiOther namesRinged hair diseaseSpecialtyMedical genetics Pili annulati manifests during infancy or at birth The clinical manifestation varies Usually the hair appears shiny and banded Pili annulati usually just affects the scalp but can be present in other areas Pili annulati may be sporadic or inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion Pili annulati can be diagnosed based on light microscopy or trichoscopy Treatment is not needed Pili pseudoannulati is an anomaly of human hair that mimics pili annulati however the two differ in that the light bands of pili annulati are caused by internal effects whereas the bright segments of pili pseudoannulati are caused by reflection and refraction of light by flattened twisted surfaces of hair 2 767 Contents 1 Signs and symptoms 2 Causes 3 Diagnosis 4 Treatment 5 See also 6 References 7 Further reading 8 External linksSigns and symptoms editPili annulati might show up during infancy or at birth 5 Within the same patient the clinical manifestation may vary at different parts of the scalp or even within the same afflicted hair 6 7 8 The clinical examination typically finds the hair to be shiny and banded with an occasional odd shimmering texture or even frizzy look 9 As the hair develops the amount of white bands tends to diffuse 10 Higher hair fragility is not usually linked to pili annulati 10 A small percentage of cases show significant trichorrhexis nodosa like hair fracturing and breakage together with enhanced sensitivity at the light band level 11 12 Although pili annulati is mostly restricted to the hair on the scalp it can also affect hair in the pubic axillary and beard areas 9 7 Causes editPili annulati are inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern that exhibits varied expression There has also been sporadic cases reported 10 There is documentation of a case of pili annulati linked to a mutation in RECQL4 which causes Rothmund Thomson syndrome 6 Diagnosis editA distinctive look with alternating bright and dark stripes in the hair shaft is revealed by light microscopy In light microscopy the dark bands correlate to white bands in reflected light in trichoscopy and macroscopically A normal medulla with clusters of sporadic air filled cavities within the cortex of the hair shafts is visible under transmission electron microscopy of the affected hairs 10 A cobblestoned and fluted cuticle is shown via scanning electron microscopy 5 13 Similar to other illnesses of the hair shaft trichoscopy is a quick and easy way for practitioners to diagnose pili annulati without having to remove hairs 10 Treatment editSince pili annulati is a benign illness for which individuals never seek medical attention treatment is frequently not necessary 10 See also editPili torti Pili bifurcatiReferences edit a b Rapini Ronald P Bolognia Jean L Jorizzo Joseph L 2007 Dermatology 2 Volume Set St Louis Mosby ISBN 978 1 4160 2999 1 a b James William Berger Timothy Elston Dirk 2005 Andrews Diseases of the Skin Clinical Dermatology 10th ed Saunders ISBN 0 7216 2921 0 Freedberg et al 2003 Fitzpatrick s Dermatology in General Medicine 6th ed McGraw Hill ISBN 0 07 138076 0 OMIM Entry 180600 RINGED HAIR a b Amichai B 1996 05 01 Hair abnormality present since childhood Pili annulati Archives of Dermatology 132 5 American Medical Association AMA 575 575 doi 10 1001 archderm 132 5 575 ISSN 0003 987X a b Rudnicka Lidia Olszewska Malgorzata Waskiel Anna Rakowska Adriana 2018 Trichoscopy in Hair Shaft Disorders Dermatologic Clinics 36 4 Elsevier BV 421 430 doi 10 1016 j det 2018 05 009 ISSN 0733 8635 a b Teysseire S Weiler L Thomas L Dalle S 2017 Pili Annulati Annales de Dermatologie et de Venereologie in French 144 5 Elsevier BV 399 400 doi 10 1016 j annder 2016 12 003 ISSN 0151 9638 Laniosz Valerie Podjasek Joshua O Camilleri Michael J Hand Jennifer L 2013 Pili Annulati Masquerading As Hypotrichosis Pediatric Dermatology 30 4 Wiley 510 511 doi 10 1111 pde 12111 ISSN 0736 8046 a b Theodosiou G Hamnerius N Svensson A 2018 Banded Scalp Hair with an Unusual Glistening Appearance in a Teenager A Quiz Acta Dermato Venereologica 98 4 Medical Journals Sweden AB 473 474 doi 10 2340 00015555 2891 ISSN 0001 5555 a b c d e f Chabchoub Ines Souissi Asmahane 2023 06 26 Pili Annulati StatPearls Publishing PMID 31082025 Retrieved 2024 03 23 Osorio Filipa Tosti Antonella 2012 08 01 Pili annulati What about racial distribution Dermatology Online Journal 18 8 doi 10 5070 D323H0G5QZ ISSN 1087 2108 Nam Chan Hee Park Minkee Choi Mi Soo Hong Seung Phil Kim Myung Hwa Park Byung Cheol 2017 Pili Annulati with Multiple Fragile Hairs Annals of Dermatology 29 2 Korean Dermatological Association and The Korean Society for Investigative Dermatology 254 doi 10 5021 ad 2017 29 2 254 ISSN 1013 9087 Moffitt DL Lear JT de Berker DA Peachey RD 1998 Pili annulati coincident with alopecia areata Pediatric Dermatology 15 4 Wiley 271 273 doi 10 1046 j 1525 1470 1998 1998015271 x ISSN 0736 8046 Further reading editIto M Hashimoto K Sakamoto F Sato Y Voorhees J J 1988 Pathogenesis of pili annulati Archives of Dermatological Research 280 5 Springer Science and Business Media LLC 308 318 doi 10 1007 bf00440605 hdl 2027 42 47241 ISSN 0340 3696 Giehl K A Rogers M A Radivojkov M Tosti A de Berker D A R Weinlich G Schmuth M Ruzicka T Eckstein G N 2009 Pili annulati refinement of the locus on chromosome 12q24 33 to a 2 9 Mb interval and candidate gene analysis British Journal of Dermatology 160 3 Oxford University Press OUP 527 533 doi 10 1111 j 1365 2133 2008 08948 x ISSN 0007 0963 External links editVisualDx Defects of the hair shaft DermNet Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Pili annulati amp oldid 1216646413, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
